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Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

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01-01-2015 | Basic Science

Estrogen prevents high-glucose-induced damage of retinal ganglion cells via mitochondrial pathway

Authors: Ming Hao, Yue Li, Wenjian Lin, Qian Xu, Ning Shao, Yixin Zhang, Hongyu Kuang

Published in: Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology | Issue 1/2015

Abstract

Background

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of acquired blindness in adults. Previous research has shown that the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) plays an important role in the initiation and development of diabetic retinopathy. The positive effect of estrogen on the nervous system is currently attracting increasing attention. In this study, we investigated whether17β-estradiolum (E2) has protective effects on RGCs in a high-glucose environment.

Methods

The cell survival rates were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8, the apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were examined by immunofluorescence method, and the intracellular mitochondrial membrane potential was examined by confocal microscopy. The expression levels of cytochrome C, Bcl-2, and Bax were analyzed by Western blot method. The effect of estrogen receptor blocker tamoxifen on the RGCs was also evaluated.

Results

It was found that E2 stabilizes the mitochondrial membrane potential, reduces intracellular ROS levels, up-regulates Bcl-2 expression, inhibits Bax expression, decreases the generation of cytochrome C, and finally reduces the apoptosis of RGC-5 cells in a high-glucose environment. These protective functions could be attributed to E2 receptors, which make E2 a prospective patent application candidate in the treatment of DR. Furthermore, when cells were pre-cultured with tamoxifen, we found that tamoxifen inhibited the shielding effects of E2.

Conclusion

E2 has a broad application prospect in the treatment of DR.

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Title: Estrogen prevents high-glucose-induced damage of retinal ganglion cells via mitochondrial pathway
Authors: Ming Hao
Yue Li
Wenjian Lin
Qian Xu
Ning Shao
Yixin Zhang
Hongyu Kuang
Publication date: 01-01-2015
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology / Issue 1/2015
Print ISSN: 0721-832X
Electronic ISSN: 1435-702X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-014-2771-7

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Estrogen prevents high-glucose-induced damage of retinal ganglion cells via mitochondrial pathway

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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