Top

Published in:

01-04-2019 | Original Article

Effects of a highly intensive clean and jerk exercise on blood pressure and arterial stiffness in experienced non-professional weight lifters

Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology | Issue 4/2019

Abstract

Purpose

Weight lifting training has gained much popularity in recent years and is frequently used in non-professional and professional settings. However, little is known about the acute effects of a highly intensive weight lifting exercise (clean and jerk) on the hemodynamic reaction.

Methods

18 non-professional experienced weight lifters were recruited. Hemodynamic parameters were obtained and measured at baseline (T1), after warming up (T2), and after a highly intensive clean and jerk exercise (90–95% of personal best; T3). Further, 15 (T4), and 30 min (T5) post-exercise measurements were conducted. Evaluated parameters were heart rate (HR) (b/min), peripheral and central systolic and diastolic blood pressure (pSysBP, pDiaBP, cSysBP, cDiaBP) (mmHg), pulse wave velocity (PWV) (m/s), and double product (DP).

Results

All hemodynamic values increased from T1 up to T3 with significantly higher values measured at T3 compared to T1 and T2. Values of measured parameters at T3 were as follows: HR: 94.4 ± 15.6 b/min, pSysBP: 147.1 ± 15.9 mmHg, pDiaBP: 87.4 ± 12.2 mmHg, cSysBP: 129.3 ± 13.8 mmHg, cDiaBP: 89.9 ± 12.8 mmHg, and: 5.8 ± 0.5 m/s, DP: 14053 ± 3669. Post-exercise (T4, T5), all values returned to baseline levels.

Conclusions

Results indicate that a highly intensive weight lifting exercise led to an acute increase of blood pressure and an acute stiffening of the arteries. Yet, increases were moderate and did not reach disproportionately high levels and returned to baseline levels within 15 min post-exercise. Hence, no negative acute effects of a maximum weight lifting exercise on the hemodynamic system are observed.

Available only for authorised users

Arabatzi F, Kellis E, Saèz-Saez De Villarreal E (2010) Vertical jump biomechanics after plyometric, weight lifting, and combined (weight lifting + plyometric) training. J Strength Cond Res 24(9):2440–2448. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e274ab CrossRefPubMed

Ashor AW, Lara J, Siervo M, Celis-Morales C, Mathers JC (2014) Effects of exercise modalities on arterial stiffness and wave reflection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PloS One 9(10):e110034. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110034 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Berge HM, Isern CB, Berge E (2015) Blood pressure and hypertension in athletes: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med 49(11):716–723. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2014-093976 CrossRefPubMed

Bertovic DA, Waddell TK, Gatzka CD, Cameron JD, Dart AM, Kingwell BA (1999) Muscular strength training is associated with low arterial compliance and high pulse pressure. Hypertension 33(6):1385–1391. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.33.6.1385 CrossRefPubMed

Braith RW, Stewart KJ (2006) Resistance exercise training: its role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Circulation 113(22):2642–2650. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.584060 CrossRefPubMed

Carpio-Rivera E, Moncada-Jiménez J, Salazar-Rojas W, Solera-Herrera A (2016) Acute effects of exercise on blood pressure: a meta-analytic investigation. Arq Bras Cardiol 106(5):422–433. https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20160064 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Chen C-Y, Bonham AC (2010) Postexercise hypotension: central mechanisms. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 38(3):122–127. https://doi.org/10.1097/JES.0b013e3181e372b5 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

DeVan AE, Anton MM, Cook JN, Neidre DB, Cortez-Cooper MY, Tanaka H (2005) Acute effects of resistance exercise on arterial compliance. J Appl Physio (Bethesda Md 1985) 98(6):2287–2291. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00002.2005 CrossRef

ESH/ESC Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension (2013) 2013 Practice guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC): ESH/ESC Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension. J Hypertens 31(10):1925–1938. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0b013e328364ca4c CrossRef

Fletcher GF, Cantwell JD, Watt EW (1979) Oxygen consumption and hemodynamic response of exercises used in training of patients with recent myocardial infarction. Circulation 60(1):140–144CrossRefPubMed

Güzel NA, Hazar S, Erbas D (2007) Effects of different resistance exercise protocols on nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation and creatine kinase activity in sedentary males. J Sports Sci Med 6(4):417–422PubMedPubMedCentral

Häkkinen K, Komi PV, Alén M, Kauhanen H (1987) EMG, muscle fibre and force production characteristics during a 1 year training period in elite weight-lifters. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 56(4):419–427CrossRefPubMed

Holmberg PM (2013) Weightlifting to improve volleyball performance. Strength Cond J 35(2):79–88. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0b013e3182889f47 CrossRef

Karras A, Haymann J-P, Bozec E, Metzger M, Jacquot C, Maruani G, Houillier P, Froissart M, Stengel B, Guardiola P, Laurent S, Boutouyrie P, Briet M (2012) Large artery stiffening and remodeling are independently associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease. Hypertension (Dallas Tex 1979) 60(6):1451–1457. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.197210 CrossRef

Kenney MJ, Seals DR (1993) Postexercise hypotension. Key features, mechanisms, and clinical significance. Hypertension (Dallas Tex 1979) 22(5):653–664CrossRef

Ketelhut S, Milatz F, Heise W, Ketelhut RG (2016) Influence of a high-intensity interval training session on peripheral and central blood pressure at rest and during stress testing in healthy individuals. VASA 45(5):373–377. https://doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526/a000560 CrossRefPubMed

Kim EJ, Park CG, Park JS, Suh SY, Choi CU, Kim JW, Kim SH, Lim HE, Rha SW, Seo HS, Oh DJ (2007) Relationship between blood pressure parameters and pulse wave velocity in normotensive and hypertensive subjects: invasive study. J Hum Hypertens 21(2):141–148. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jhh.1002120 CrossRefPubMed

Kingsley JD, Mayo X, Tai YL, Fennell C (2016) Arterial stiffness and autonomic modulation after free-weight resistance exercises in resistance trained individuals. J Strength Cond Res 30(12):3373–3380. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001461 CrossRefPubMed

Li Y, Bopp M, Botta F, Nussbaumer M, Schäfer J, Roth R, Schmidt-Trucksäss A, Hanssen H (2015) Lower body vs. upper body resistance training and arterial stiffness in young men. Int J Sports Med 36(12):960–967. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1549921 CrossRefPubMed

McEniery CM, Cockcroft JR, Roman MJ, Franklin SS, Wilkinson IB (2014) Central blood pressure: current evidence and clinical importance. Eur Heart J 35(26):1719–1725. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/eht565 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Miyachi M, Donato AJ, Yamamoto K, Takahashi K, Gates PE, Moreau KL, Tanaka H (2003) Greater age-related reductions in central arterial compliance in resistance-trained men. Hypertension (Dallas Tex 1979) 41(1):130–135CrossRef

Müller J, Wilms M, Oberhoffer R (2015) Acute effects of submaximal endurance training on arterial stiffness in healthy middle- and long-distance runners. J Clin Hypertens 17(5):371–374. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.12530 CrossRef

Nitzsche N, Weigert M, Baumgärtel L, Auerbach T, Schuffenhauer D, Nitzsche R, Schulz H (2016) Acute effects of different strength training protocols on arterial stiffness in healthy subjects. Int J Sports Sci 6(5):195–202. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.sports.20160605.05 CrossRef

O’Rourke MF, Staessen JA, Vlachopoulos C, Duprez D, Plante GE (2002) Clinical applications of arterial stiffness; definitions and reference values. Am J Hypertens 15(5):426–444CrossRefPubMed

Otto WH, Coburn JW, Brown LE, Spiering BA (2012) Effects of weightlifting vs. kettlebell training on vertical jump, strength, and body composition. J Strength Cond Res 26(5):1199–1202. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31824f233e CrossRefPubMed

Picón MM, Chulvi IM, Cortell J-MT, Tortosa J, Alkhadar Y, Sanchís J, Laurentino G (2018) Acute cardiovascular responses after a single bout of blood flow restriction training. Int J Exerc Sci 11(2):20–31PubMedPubMedCentral

Saka T, Sekir U, Dogan A, Akkurt S, Karakus M, Celebi MM, Sarli B, Oguzhan A (2016) Arterial stiffness differences between aerobically and resistance trained turkish elite athletes. Br J Sports Med 50(Suppl 1):A40.2–A40. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-097120.69 CrossRef

Senna GW, Scudese E, Silva-Grigoletto MED, Alias A, Fuqua JD, Brandão PP, Dantas EHM (2018) Post resistance exercise hypotension on distinct types of somatotype characteristics. J Hum Sport Exerc. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2018.131.05 CrossRef

Simão R, Fleck SJ, Polito M, Monteiro W, Farinatti P (2005) Effects of resistance training intensity, volume, and session format on the postexercise hypotensive response. J Strength Cond Res 19(4):853–858. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-16494.1 CrossRefPubMed

Takano RK (2013) Weightlifting in the development of the high school athlete. Strength Cond J 35(6):66–72. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000012 CrossRef

Tomschi F, Köster P, Predel H-G, Lay D, Bloch W, Grau M (2018) Acute effects of lower and upper body-resistance training on arterial stiffness, peripheral, and central blood pressure in young normotensive women. Sport Sci Health 14(2):357–363. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-018-0440-7 CrossRef

Vlachopoulos C, Kardara D, Anastasakis A, Baou K, Terentes-Printzios D, Tousoulis D, Stefanadis C (2010) Arterial stiffness and wave reflections in marathon runners. Am J Hypertens 23(9):974–979. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajh.2010.99 CrossRefPubMed

Wassertheurer S, Kropf J, Weber T, van der Giet M, Baulmann J, Ammer M, Hametner B, Mayer CC, Eber B, Magometschnigg D (2010) A new oscillometric method for pulse wave analysis: comparison with a common tonometric method. J Hum Hypertens 24(8):498–504. https://doi.org/10.1038/jhh.2010.27 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Weber T, Wassertheurer S, Rammer M, Maurer E, Hametner B, Mayer CC, Kropf J, Eber B (2011) Validation of a brachial cuff-based method for estimating central systolic blood pressure. Hypertension (Dallas Tex 1979) 58(5):825–832. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.176313 CrossRef

Wickwire PJ, McLester JR, Green JM, Crews TR (2009) Acute heart rate, blood pressure, and RPE responses during super slow vs. traditional machine resistance training protocols using small muscle group exercises. J Strength Cond Res 23(1):72–79. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181854b15 CrossRefPubMed

Yoon ES, Jung SJ, Cheun SK, Oh YS, Kim SH, Jae SY (2010) Effects of acute resistance exercise on arterial stiffness in young men. Korean Circ J 40(1):16–22. https://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2010.40.1.16 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Title: Effects of a highly intensive clean and jerk exercise on blood pressure and arterial stiffness in experienced non-professional weight lifters
Publication date: 01-04-2019
Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology / Issue 4/2019
Print ISSN: 1439-6319
Electronic ISSN: 1439-6327
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-019-04080-2

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Effects of a highly intensive clean and jerk exercise on blood pressure and arterial stiffness in experienced non-professional weight lifters

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 4/2019

Does 6 weeks of HIIT alter structural and functional cardiac and arterial stiffness in young adults?

Methodological issues with the assessment of voluntary activation using transcranial magnetic stimulation in the knee extensors

Comparison between cuff-based and radial tonometry exercise-induced central blood pressure

What are the best isometric exercises of muscle potentiation?

Experimental validation of the 3-parameter critical power model in cycling

Heart rate recovery after maximal exercise is impaired in healthy young adults born preterm