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European Journal of Applied Physiology

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01-08-2019 | Original Article

Effect of external compression on femoral retrograde shear and microvascular oxygenation in exercise trained and recreationally active young men

Authors: Patricia Pagan Lassalle, Adam J. Palamar, Jacob P. DeBlois, Wesley K. Lefferts, Kevin S. Heffernan

Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology | Issue 8/2019

Abstract

Introduction

Retrograde shear causes endothelial damage and is pro-atherogenic. The purpose of our study was to examine the impact of vascular remodeling from habitual exercise training on acute changes in retrograde shear and microvascular oxygenation (SMO₂) induced via 30 min of external compression.

Methods

Participants included 11 exercise trained (ET) men (Division I track athletes; age 20 ± 3 years) and 18 recreationally active (RA) men (age 23 ± 5 years). Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to measure vastus medialis SMO₂. Doppler-ultrasound was used to assess SFA intima-media thickness, diameter and flow velocity to derive retrograde shear. Vascular measures were made at baseline (BASELINE), during a sham condition (calf compression to 5 mmHg, SHAM) and during the experimental condition (calf compression to 60 mmHg, EXP).

Results

Compared to RA, ET had larger SFA diameters (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.58 ± 0.06 cm, p < 0.05) and lower SFA IMT (0.33 ± 0.03 vs 0.36 ± 0.07 mm, p < 0.05). Retrograde shear increased similarly in both groups during EXP (p < 0.05) but ET men had lower overall retrograde shear during the conditions (BASELINE 75.8 ± 26.8 vs EXP 88.2 ± 16.9 s⁻¹) compared to RA men (BASELINE 84.4 ± 23.3 vs EXP 106.4 ± 19.6 s⁻¹p < 0.05). There was a similar increase in SMO₂ from BASELINE to SHAM (ET + 8.1 ± 4.8 vs RA + 6.4 ± 9.7%) and BASELINE to EXP (ET + 8.7 ± 6.4 vs RA + 7.1 ± 9.0%) in both groups.

Conclusion

Beneficial vascular remodeling in ET men is associated with lower retrograde shear during external compression. Acute increases in retrograde shear with external compression do not detrimentally impact microvascular oxygenation.

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Title: Effect of external compression on femoral retrograde shear and microvascular oxygenation in exercise trained and recreationally active young men
Authors: Patricia Pagan Lassalle
Adam J. Palamar
Jacob P. DeBlois
Wesley K. Lefferts
Kevin S. Heffernan
Publication date: 01-08-2019
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology / Issue 8/2019
Print ISSN: 1439-6319
Electronic ISSN: 1439-6327
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-019-04170-1

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Effect of external compression on femoral retrograde shear and microvascular oxygenation in exercise trained and recreationally active young men

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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