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BMC Neurology
Published in: BMC Neurology 1/2012

Open Access 01-12-2012 | Research article

Early microstructural white matter changes in patients with HIV: A diffusion tensor imaging study

Authors: Bianca Stubbe-Drger, Michael Deppe, Siawoosh Mohammadi, Simon S Keller, Harald Kugel, Nora Gregor, Stefan Evers, Peter Young, E-Bernd Ringelstein, Gabriele Arendt, Stefan Knecht, Ingo W Husstedt, German Competence Network HIV/AIDS

Published in: BMC Neurology | Issue 1/2012

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Abstract

Background

Previous studies have reported white matter (WM) brain alterations in asymptomatic patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Methods

We compared diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) derived WM fractional anisotropy (FA) between HIV-patients with and without mild macroscopic brain lesions determined using standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We furthermore investigated whether WM alterations co-occurred with neurocognitive deficits and depression. We performed structural MRI and DTI for 19 patients and 19 age-matched healthy controls. Regionally-specific WM integrity was investigated using voxel-based statistics of whole-brain FA maps and region-of-interest analysis. Each patient underwent laboratory and neuropsychological tests.

Results

Structural MRI revealed no lesions in twelve (HIV-MRN) and unspecific mild macrostructural lesions in seven patients (HIV-MRL). Both analyses revealed widespread FA-alterations in all patients. Patients with HIV-MRL had FA-alterations primarily adjacent to the observed lesions and, whilst reduced in extent, patients with HIV-MRN also exhibited FA-alterations in similar regions. Patients with evidence of depression showed FA-increase in the ventral tegmental area, pallidum and nucleus accumbens in both hemispheres, and patients with evidence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder showed widespread FA-reduction.

Conclusion

These results show that patients with HIV-MRN have evidence of FA-alterations in similar regions that are lesioned in HIV-MRL patients, suggesting common neuropathological processes. Furthermore, they suggest a biological rather than a reactive origin of depression in HIV-patients.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Early microstructural white matter changes in patients with HIV: A diffusion tensor imaging study
Authors
Bianca Stubbe-Drger
Michael Deppe
Siawoosh Mohammadi
Simon S Keller
Harald Kugel
Nora Gregor
Stefan Evers
Peter Young
E-Bernd Ringelstein
Gabriele Arendt
Stefan Knecht
Ingo W Husstedt
German Competence Network HIV/AIDS
Publication date
01-12-2012
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Neurology / Issue 1/2012
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2377
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2377-12-23

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