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BMC Geriatrics

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Open Access 01-12-2024 | Dysphagia | Research article

Adherence to commercial food thickener in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia

Authors: Amaya Peñalva-Arigita, Maria Lecha, Anna Sansano, Rosa Prats, Aida Vásquez, Helena Bascuñana, Lluis Vila

Published in: BMC Geriatrics | Issue 1/2024

Abstract

Background

Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD), a common symptom in the elderly, uses commercial thickener (CT) as part of its treatment. This is often accompanied of dislike and poor compliance.

Aim

Describe adherence to CT and possible differences according to dwelling location in an area of influence of approximately 400.0000 inhabitants.

Methods

Cohort prospective observational study. Randomized patients from Nutrition and Dietetic (NDU)-database (4 calls-interviews/year). Variables: Age, diagnostic, gender, dwelling/location: Home (H) / Nursing Home (NH), viscosity (nectar, honey, pudding), days with CT. Adherence measured with a questionnaire, considering implementation of treatment by combining CT use and consumption data, categorised in three groups good, moderate and poor. Change in patterns (improvement, maintenance, worsening) and non-adherence reasons.

Results

One hundred sixty-eight patients recruited with indicated viscosity: Nectar 39.7%, honey 29.3% and pudding 30.8%. Average age of 82.6 ± 11.1 years; 57.8% women (46.4% at H vs. 67% at NH, p < 0.01). Dwelling/location: 80 (47.6%) live at H and 88 (52.4%) at NH. Days with CT prior study were 509 ± 475.28. Implementation found in first call: good in 50%, moderate in 20.2% and poor in 29.8%. At first call, adherence parameters were more favourable in NH compared to H. However these parameters were reversed during the study period as there was an improvement at H vs. NH. Also in terms of change in patterns a significant improvement of implementation was found in patients living at H, 31.1% vs. those living at NH, 15.7%, p < 0.05. CT persistence throughout study was 89.7%.

Conclusions

Low adherence to CT found in our community. Telephone follow-up resulted in improved adherence, especially in the H population. Our data provides valuable insights into the variability and changes in CT adherence among patients with OD. Adherence is complex and subject to many factors and dwelling/location is one of them. This study reveals the need to approach CT treatment for OD differently in NH.

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Title: Adherence to commercial food thickener in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia
Authors: Amaya Peñalva-Arigita
Maria Lecha
Anna Sansano
Rosa Prats
Aida Vásquez
Helena Bascuñana
Lluis Vila
Publication date: 01-12-2024
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Dysphagia
Dysphagia
Dysphagia
Published in: BMC Geriatrics / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2318
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-04589-4

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