Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Current Oral Health Reports
Published in: Current Oral Health Reports 4/2019

01-12-2019 | Digital Volume Tomography | Modern Approaches to Endodontics (S Kim and B Karabucak, Section Editors)

The Use of Cone Beam Computer Tomography (CBCT) in Endodontics

Authors: Meetu R. Kohli, Tom Schloss

Published in: Current Oral Health Reports | Issue 4/2019

Login to get access

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Cone beam computed tomography scans have been gaining popularity as a diagnostic aid. The purpose of this review is to understand the benefits and the limitations of this technology and its application in day to day clinical assessment. Familiarity with some basic principles of the technical aspect will aid the practitioner in controlling quality of the scan and the amount of radiation the patient is subjected to.

Recent Findings

Significant findings of this review are that the exposure to ionizing radiation is the main limiting factor in taking CBCT scans. The information obtained can be invaluable in treatment planning by providing a three-dimensional view of teeth and neighboring structures. The sensitivity of a scan to identify low radiodensity areas is significantly higher than two-dimensional X-rays; however, the histological nature of the affected bone is still being investigated.

Summary

In summary, while the clinician should weigh the risk and benefit before obtaining a scan, the industry should evaluate technology to reduce the exposure to radiation per scan further.
Literature
1.
Goldman M, Pearson AH, Darzenta N. Endodontic success--who’s reading the radiograph? Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1972;33(3):432–7.CrossRef
2.
• Scarfe WC, Farman AG. What is cone-beam CT and how does it work? Dent Clin North Am. 2008;52(4):707–30. v. A comprehensive review of the mechanics of CBCT to understand the influence of various parameters on the quality of the scan obtained and the total radiation dosage the patient is subjected to. CrossRef
3.
Hatcher DC. Operational principles for cone-beam computed tomography. J Am Dent Assoc. 2010;141(Suppl 3):3S–6S.CrossRef
4.
Scarfe WC, Li Z, Aboelmaaty W, Scott SA, Farman AG. Maxillofacial cone beam computed tomography: essence, elements and steps to interpretation. Aust Dent J. 2012;57(Suppl 1):46–60.CrossRef
5.
Lvovsky A, Bachrach S, Kim HC, Pawar A, Levinzon O, Ben Itzhak J, et al. Relationship between root apices and the mandibular canal: a cone-beam computed tomographic comparison of 3 populations. J Endod. 2018;44(4):555–8.CrossRef
6.
Velvart P, Hecker H, Tillinger G. Detection of the apical lesion and the mandibular canal in conventional radiography and computed tomography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2001;92(6):682–8.CrossRef
7.
Vertucci FJ. Root canal anatomy of the human permanent teeth. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1984;58(5):589–99.CrossRef
8.
Vertucci FJ, Williams RG. Root canal anatomy of the mandibular first molar. J N J Dent Assoc. 1974;45(3):27–8 passim.PubMed
9.
Vertucci FJ. Root canal anatomy of the mandibular anterior teeth. J Am Dent Assoc. 1974;89(2):369–71.CrossRef
10.
Dalili Kajan Z, Taramsari M, Khosravi Fard N, Kanani M. Accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography in comparison with standard method in evaluating root canal morphology: An. Iran Endod J. 2018;13(2):181–7.PubMedPubMedCentral
11.
Blattner TC, George N, Lee CC, Kumar V, Yelton CD. Efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography as a modality to accurately identify the presence of second mesiobuccal canals in maxillary first and second molars: a pilot study. J Endod. 2010;36(5):867–70.CrossRef
12.
Tian XM, Yang XW, Qian L, Wei B, Gong Y. Analysis of the root and canal morphologies in maxillary first and second molars in a chinese population using cone-beam computed tomography. J Endod. 2016;42(5):696–701.CrossRef
13.
Han T, Ma Y, Yang L, Chen X, Zhang X, Wang Y. A study of the root canal morphology of mandibular anterior teeth using cone-beam computed tomography in a Chinese subpopulation. J Endod. 2014;40(9):1309–14.CrossRef
14.
Kim Y, Roh BD, Shin Y, Kim BS, Choi YL, Ha A. Morphological characteristics and classification of mandibular first molars having 2 distal roots or canals: 3-dimensional biometric analysis using cone-beam computed tomography in a Korean population. J Endod. 2018;44(1):46–50.CrossRef
15.
Kim SY, Kim BS, Kim Y. Mandibular second molar root canal morphology and variants in a Korean subpopulation. Int Endod J. 2016;49(2):136–44.CrossRef
16.
Kim Y, Lee SJ, Woo J. Morphology of maxillary first and second molars analyzed by cone-beam computed tomography in a korean population: variations in the number of roots and canals and the incidence of fusion. J Endod. 2012;38(8):1063–8.CrossRef
17.
Haddad GY, Nehme WB, Ounsi HF. Diagnosis, classification, and frequency of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars in the Lebanese population. J Endod. 1999;25(4):268–71.CrossRef
18.
Bornstein MM, Wasmer J, Sendi P, Janner SF, Buser D, von Arx T. Characteristics and dimensions of the Schneiderian membrane and apical bone in maxillary molars referred for apical surgery: a comparative radiographic analysis using limited cone beam computed tomography. J Endod. 2012;38(1):51–7.CrossRef
19.
von Arx T, Friedli M, Sendi P, Lozanoff S, Bornstein MM. Location and dimensions of the mental foramen: a radiographic analysis by using cone-beam computed tomography. J Endod. 2013;39(12):1522–8.CrossRef
20.
Ducommun J, Bornstein MM, Wong MCM, von Arx T. Distances of root apices to adjacent anatomical structures in the anterior maxilla: an analysis using cone beam computed tomography. Clin Oral Investig. 2019;23(5):2253–63.CrossRef
21.
Rodriguez G, Abella F, Duran-Sindreu F, Patel S, Roig M. Influence of cone-beam computed tomography in clinical decision making among specialists. J Endod. 2017;43(2):194–9.CrossRef
22.
Nudera WJ. Selective root retreatment: a novel approach. J Endod. 2015;41(8):1382–8.CrossRef
23.
von Arx T, Roux E, Burgin W. Treatment decisions in 330 cases referred for apical surgery. J Endod. 2014;40(2):187–91.CrossRef
24.
Talwar S, Utneja S, Nawal RR, Kaushik A, Srivastava D, Oberoy SS. Role of cone-beam computed tomography in diagnosis of vertical root fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endod. 2016;42(1):12–24.CrossRef
25.
Bender I, Seltzer S. Roentgenographic and direct observation of experimental lesions in bone: II†. Journal of Endodontics. 2003;29(11):707–12.CrossRef
26.
Lofthag-Hansen S, Huumonen S, Grondahl K, Grondahl HG. Limited cone-beam CT and intraoral radiography for the diagnosis of periapical pathology. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007;103(1):114–9.CrossRef
27.
de Paula-Silva FW, Wu MK, Leonardo MR, da Silva LA, Wesselink PR. Accuracy of periapical radiography and cone-beam computed tomography scans in diagnosing apical periodontitis using histopathological findings as a gold standard. J Endod. 2009;35(7):1009–12.CrossRef
28.
• Safi C, Kohli MR, Kratchman SI, Setzer FC, Karabucak B. Outcome of endodontic microsurgery using mineral trioxide aggregate or root repair material as root-end filling material: a randomized controlled trial with cone-beam computed tomographic evaluation. J Endod. 2019;45(7):831–9. A new CBCT outcome criteria developed by the University of Pennsylvania to evaluate the follow-up CBCT scans after microsurgery to determine success or failure is presented in the manuscript. CrossRef
29.
Leonardi Dutra K, Haas L, Porporatti AL, Flores-Mir C, Nascimento Santos J, Mezzomo LA, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography and conventional radiography on apical periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endod. 2016;42(3):356–64.CrossRef
30.
Kruse C, Spin-Neto R, Evar Kraft DC, Vaeth M, Kirkevang LL. Diagnostic accuracy of cone beam computed tomography used for assessment of apical periodontitis: an ex vivo histopathological study on human cadavers. Int Endod J. 2019;52(4):439–50.CrossRef
31.
• Estrela C, Bueno MR, Azevedo BC, Azevedo JR, Pecora JD. A new periapical index based on cone beam computed tomography. J Endod. 2008;34(11):1325–31. The manuscript presents new CBCT outcome criteria to evaluate non-surgical endodontic treatment. CrossRef
32.
Patel S, Wilson R, Dawood A, Foschi F, Mannocci F. The detection of periapical pathosis using digital periapical radiography and cone beam computed tomography - part 2: a 1-year post-treatment follow-up. Int Endod J. 2012;45(8):711–23.CrossRef
33.
Davies A, Patel S, Foschi F, Andiappan M, Mitchell PJ, Mannocci F. The detection of periapical pathoses using digital periapical radiography and cone beam computed tomography in endodontically retreated teeth - part 2: a 1 year post-treatment follow-up. Int Endod J. 2016;49(7):623–35.CrossRef
34.
von Arx T, Janner SF, Hanni S, Bornstein MM. Agreement between 2D and 3D radiographic outcome assessment one year after periapical surgery. Int Endod J. 2016;49(10):915–25.CrossRef
35.
Schloss T, Sonntag D, Kohli MR, Setzer FC. A comparison of 2- and 3-dimensional healing assessment after endodontic surgery using cone-beam computed tomographic volumes or periapical radiographs. J Endod. 2017;43(7):1072–9.CrossRef
36.
Pinsky HM, Champleboux G, Sarment DP. Periapical surgery using CAD/CAM guidance: preclinical results. J Endod. 2007;33(2):148–51.CrossRef
37.
Giacomino CM, Ray JJ, Wealleans JA. Targeted endodontic microsurgery: a novel approach to anatomically challenging scenarios using 3-dimensional-printed guides and trephine burs-a report of 3 cases. J Endod. 2018;44(4):671–7.CrossRef
38.
Lara-Mendes STO, Barbosa CFM, Machado VC, Santa-Rosa CC. A new approach for minimally invasive access to severely calcified anterior teeth using the guided endodontics technique. J Endod. 2018;44(10):1578–82.CrossRef
39.
•• Endodontics SCtRtJAAPSouoCi. AAE and AAOMR joint position statement: use of cone beam computed tomography in endodontics 2015 update. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2015;120(4):508–12. The position statement that every clinician prescribing a CBCT scan should be familiar with to understand official guidelines established by the American Association of Endodontics and American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology. CrossRef
40.
•• European Society of E, Patel S, Durack C, Abella F, Roig M, Shemesh H, et al. European Society of Endodontology position statement: the use of CBCT in endodontics. Int Endod J. 2014;47(6):502–4. The position statement that every clinician prescribing a CBCT scan should be familiar with to understand official guidelines established by European Society of Endodontology. CrossRef
Metadata
Title
The Use of Cone Beam Computer Tomography (CBCT) in Endodontics
Authors
Meetu R. Kohli
Tom Schloss
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Current Oral Health Reports / Issue 4/2019
Electronic ISSN: 2196-3002
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40496-019-00239-0

Other articles of this Issue 4/2019

Current Oral Health Reports 4/2019 Go to the issue

Clinical Periodontics (Y Stathopoulou, Section Editor)

The Use of Growth Factors for Guided Bone Regeneration in Clinical Periodontics

Modern Production Laboratory Advances in Dental Technology (M Bergler and E Steger, Section Editors)

Current Workflows for Computer-Aided Implant Surgery: a Review Article

Modern Production Laboratory Advances in Dental Technology (M Bergler and E Steger, Section Editors)

3D Printing of Zirconia–What is the Future?

Dental Restorative Materials (M Özcan and P Cesar, Section Editors)

Digital Scanning in Modern Orthodontics

Modern Production Laboratory Advances in Dental Technology (M Bergler and E Steger, Section Editors)

Factors Affecting the Marginal Fit of CAD-CAM Restorations and Concepts to Improve Outcomes

Modern Approaches to Endodontics (S Kim and B Karabucak, Section Editors)

Beyond Endodontic MicroSurgery 2: Transplantation