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01-10-2019 | Original Contribution

Differences in the regulation of inflammatory pathways in adolescent- and adult-onset first-episode psychosis

Authors: C. Moreno, M. Parellada, K. S. MacDowell, B. García-Bueno, B. Cabrera, A. González-Pinto, P. Saiz, A. Lobo, R. Rodriguez-Jimenez, E. Berrocoso, M. Bernardo, J. C. Leza, From the FLAMM-PEPs study, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)

Published in: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry | Issue 10/2019

Abstract

A precise description of the inflammatory response in first-episode psychosis (FEP) by age of onset does not exist. We explored baseline and 6-month follow-up differences in the pro/anti-inflammatory balance in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in adolescent-onset FEP (≤ 18 y.o., N = 27) and adult-onset FEP (≥ 25 y.o., N = 43) using non-parametric 1-category ANCOVA, with age group as an independent variable and values of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers at baseline and at follow-up as dependent variables. We used a non-parametric repeated-measures mixed-effects model to explore the baseline/6-month change in pro- and anti-inflammatory markers within adolescent- and adult-onset groups, exploring differential trajectories of change by means of the interaction of time by age-of-onset group. Levels of the nuclear transcription factor (NFκB), a master regulator of the inflammatory and oxido/nitrosative status of cells, were higher in adolescent-onset FEP both at baseline and after 6 months. During follow-up, we found further increases in levels of soluble inflammatory markers (PGE₂ and NO₂⁻) only in adolescent-onset FEP. In contrast, in adult-onset FEP, the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), which is also pro-inflammatory, tended to decrease, with no further increase in other pro-inflammatory markers. Significant differences in the direction of change by age-of-onset cohort exist only for NFκB (F = 4.165, df = 2, 70.95, p = 0.019). Our results support the existence of changes in the pro/anti-inflammatory balance in FEP depending on the neurodevelopmental stage at illness onset. These results also suggest that inflammation may be a potential therapeutic target in adolescent-onset FEP.

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Title: Differences in the regulation of inflammatory pathways in adolescent- and adult-onset first-episode psychosis
Authors: C. Moreno
M. Parellada
K. S. MacDowell
B. García-Bueno
B. Cabrera
A. González-Pinto
P. Saiz
A. Lobo
R. Rodriguez-Jimenez
E. Berrocoso
M. Bernardo
J. C. Leza
From the FLAMM-PEPs study, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)
Publication date: 01-10-2019
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry / Issue 10/2019
Print ISSN: 1018-8827
Electronic ISSN: 1435-165X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-019-01295-8

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Differences in the regulation of inflammatory pathways in adolescent- and adult-onset first-episode psychosis

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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