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01-07-2015 | Original Article

Dietary magnesium restriction reduces amygdala–hypothalamic GluN1 receptor complex levels in mice

Authors: Maryam Ghafari, Nigel Whittle, András G. Miklósi, Caroline Kotlowsky, Claudia Schmuckermair, Johannes Berger, Keiryn L. Bennett, Nicolas Singewald, Gert Lubec

Published in: Brain Structure and Function | Issue 4/2015

Abstract

Reduced daily intake of magnesium (Mg²⁺) is suggested to contribute to depression. Indeed, preclinical studies show dietary magnesium restriction (MgR) elicits enhanced depression-like behaviour establishing a causal relationship. Amongst other mechanisms, Mg²⁺ gates the activity of N-methyl-d-asparte (NMDA) receptors; however, it is not known whether reduced dietary Mg²⁺ intake can indeed affect brain NMDA receptor complexes. Thus, the aim of the current study was to reveal whether MgR induces changes in brain NMDA receptor subunit composition that would indicate altered NMDA receptor regulation. The results revealed that enhanced depression-like behaviour elicited by MgR was associated with reduced amygdala–hypothalamic protein levels of GluN1-containing NMDA complexes. No change in GluN1 mRNA levels was observed indicating posttranslational changes were induced by dietary Mg²⁺ restriction. To reveal possible protein interaction partners, GluN1 immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays were carried out revealing the expected GluN1 subunit association with GluN2A, GluN2B, but also novel interactions with GluA1, GluA2 in addition to known downstream signalling proteins. Chronic paroxetine treatment in MgR mice normalized enhanced depression-like behaviour, but did not alter protein levels of GluN1-containing NMDA receptors, indicating targets downstream of the NMDA receptor. Collectively, present data demonstrate that dietary MgR alters brain levels of GluN1-containing NMDA receptor complexes, containing GluN2A, GluN2B, AMPA receptors GluA1, GluA2 and several protein kinases. These data indicate that the modulation of dietary Mg²⁺ intake may alter the function and signalling of this receptor complex indicating its involvement in the enhanced depression-like behaviour elicited by MgR.

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Title: Dietary magnesium restriction reduces amygdala–hypothalamic GluN1 receptor complex levels in mice
Authors: Maryam Ghafari
Nigel Whittle
András G. Miklósi
Caroline Kotlowsky
Claudia Schmuckermair
Johannes Berger
Keiryn L. Bennett
Nicolas Singewald
Gert Lubec
Publication date: 01-07-2015
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Brain Structure and Function / Issue 4/2015
Print ISSN: 1863-2653
Electronic ISSN: 1863-2661
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-014-0779-8

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Dietary magnesium restriction reduces amygdala–hypothalamic GluN1 receptor complex levels in mice

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

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Abstract

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