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Cancer Causes & Control
Published in: Cancer Causes & Control 5/2013

01-05-2013 | Original paper

Dietary consumption and diet diversity and risk of developing bladder cancer: results from the South and East China case–control study

Authors: Fatima Isa, Li-Ping Xie, Zhiquan Hu, Zhaohui Zhong, Marjolein Hemelt, Raoul C. Reulen, Y. C. Wong, Po-Chor Tam, Kai Yang, Chao Chai, Xing Zeng, Yilan Deng, Wei-De Zhong, Maurice P. Zeegers

Published in: Cancer Causes & Control | Issue 5/2013

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Abstract

Background

The epidemiologic evidence on the role of dietary consumption on the risk of bladder cancer in the Chinese population is limited. We investigated the role of dietary consumption and diet diversity on the risk of developing bladder cancer within a Chinese population.

Methods

A case–control study of 487 cases and 469 controls was conducted in four hospitals in China. A food frequency questionnaire was used to gather information on the consumption of 35 food items. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to derive odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) for the relationship between dietary factors, dietary diversity scores, and bladder cancer.

Results

The ORs of bladder cancer for red meat (OR = 1.8, 95 % CI:1.1–3.0;p trend = 0.01), organ meat (OR = 1.6, 95 % CI:0.9–2.9;p trend = 0.04), leafy vegetables (OR = 2.9, 95 % CI:1.6–5.4;p trend = 0.003), bulb vegetables (OR = 2.3, 95 % CI:1.3–4.0;p trend = 0.003), and preserved vegetables (OR = 2.3, 95 % CI:1.2–4.2;p trend = 0.02) were significantly increased when comparing the highest to lowest level of consumption. The ORs for white fresh fish (OR = 0.5, 95 % CI:0.3–0.9;p trend = 0.004), citrus fruits (OR = 0.4, 95 % CI:0.3–0.8;p trend = 0.007), stone fruits (OR = 0.4, 95 % CI:0.2–0.6;p trend < 0.001), vine fruits (OR = 0.5, 95 % CI:0.2–1.0;p trend = 0.02), flower vegetables (OR = 0.3, 95 % CI:0.2–0.6;p trend < 0.001), potatoes (OR = 0.4, 95 % CI:0.2–0.9;p trend = 0.005), or dairy products (OR = 0.4, 95 % CI:0.3–0.7;p trend < 0.001) were significantly decreased when comparing the highest to lowest level of consumption. Subjects with the highest total diet diversity (OR = 0.4, 95 % CI:0.2–1.1;p trend = 0.02) and fruit diversity (OR = 0.1, 95 % CI:0.0–0.3;p trend < 0.001) had reduced ORs of and compared to subjects with the lowest diversity.

Conclusion

Our results indicate that a diet with higher total diet diversity and in particular fruit diversity may reduce the risk of bladder cancer.
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Metadata
Title
Dietary consumption and diet diversity and risk of developing bladder cancer: results from the South and East China case–control study
Authors
Fatima Isa
Li-Ping Xie
Zhiquan Hu
Zhaohui Zhong
Marjolein Hemelt
Raoul C. Reulen
Y. C. Wong
Po-Chor Tam
Kai Yang
Chao Chai
Xing Zeng
Yilan Deng
Wei-De Zhong
Maurice P. Zeegers
Publication date
01-05-2013
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Cancer Causes & Control / Issue 5/2013
Print ISSN: 0957-5243
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7225
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-013-0165-5

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