Skip to main content
Top
Published in: BMC Clinical Pathology 1/2011

Open Access 01-12-2011 | Research article

Decrease in thyroid adenoma associated (THADA) expression is a marker of dedifferentiation of thyroid tissue

Authors: Lars Kloth, Gazanfer Belge, Käte Burchardt, Siegfried Loeschke, Werner Wosniok, Xin Fu, Rolf Nimzyk, Salah A Mohamed, Norbert Drieschner, Volkhard Rippe, Jörn Bullerdiek

Published in: BMC Clinical Pathology | Issue 1/2011

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Thyroid adenoma associated (THADA) has been identified as the target gene affected by chromosome 2p21 translocations in thyroid adenomas, but the role of THADA in the thyroid is still elusive. The aim of this study was to quantify THADA gene expression in normal tissues and in thyroid hyper- and neoplasias, using real-time PCR.

Methods

For the analysis THADA and 18S rRNA gene expression assays were performed on 34 normal tissue samples, including thyroid, salivary gland, heart, endometrium, myometrium, lung, blood, and adipose tissue as well as on 85 thyroid hyper- and neoplasias, including three adenomas with a 2p21 translocation. In addition, NIS (sodium-iodide symporter) gene expression was measured on 34 of the pathological thyroid samples.

Results

Results illustrated that THADA expression in normal thyroid tissue was significantly higher (p < 0.0001, exact Wilcoxon test) than in the other tissues. Significant differences were also found between non-malignant pathological thyroid samples (goiters and adenomas) and malignant tumors (p < 0.001, Wilcoxon test, t approximation), anaplastic carcinomas (ATCs) and all other samples and also between ATCs and all other malignant tumors (p < 0.05, Wilcoxon test, t approximation). Furthermore, in thyroid tumors THADA mRNA expression was found to be inversely correlated with HMGA2 mRNA. HMGA2 expression was recently identified as a marker revealing malignant transformation of thyroid follicular tumors. A correlation between THADA and NIS has also been found in thyroid normal tissue and malignant tumors.

Conclusions

The results suggest THADA being a marker of dedifferentiation of thyroid tissue.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Belge G, Roque L, Soares J, Bruckmann S, Thode B, Fonseca E, Clode A, Bartnitzke S, Castedo S, Bullerdiek J: Cytogenetic investigations of 340 thyroid hyperplasias and adenomas revealing correlations between cytogenetic findings and histology. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1998, 101: 42-48. 10.1016/S0165-4608(97)00057-5.CrossRefPubMed Belge G, Roque L, Soares J, Bruckmann S, Thode B, Fonseca E, Clode A, Bartnitzke S, Castedo S, Bullerdiek J: Cytogenetic investigations of 340 thyroid hyperplasias and adenomas revealing correlations between cytogenetic findings and histology. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1998, 101: 42-48. 10.1016/S0165-4608(97)00057-5.CrossRefPubMed
2.
go back to reference Bol S, Belge G, Thode B, Bartnitzke S, Bullerdiek J: Structural abnormalities of chromosome 2 in benign thyroid tumors. Three new cases and review of the literature. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1999, 114: 75-77. 10.1016/S0165-4608(99)00028-X.CrossRefPubMed Bol S, Belge G, Thode B, Bartnitzke S, Bullerdiek J: Structural abnormalities of chromosome 2 in benign thyroid tumors. Three new cases and review of the literature. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1999, 114: 75-77. 10.1016/S0165-4608(99)00028-X.CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Rippe V, Drieschner N, Meiboom M, Murua Escobar H, Bonk U, Belge G, Bullerdiek J: Identification of a gene rearranged by 2p21 aberrations in thyroid adenomas. Oncogene. 2003, 22: 6111-6114. 10.1038/sj.onc.1206867.CrossRefPubMed Rippe V, Drieschner N, Meiboom M, Murua Escobar H, Bonk U, Belge G, Bullerdiek J: Identification of a gene rearranged by 2p21 aberrations in thyroid adenomas. Oncogene. 2003, 22: 6111-6114. 10.1038/sj.onc.1206867.CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Drieschner N, Kerschling S, Soller JT, Rippe V, Belge G, Bullerdiek J, Nimzyk R: A domain of the thyroid adenoma associated gene (THADA) conserved in vertebrates becomes destroyed by chromosomal rearrangements observed in thyroid adenomas. Gene. 2007, 403: 110-117. 10.1016/j.gene.2007.06.029.CrossRefPubMed Drieschner N, Kerschling S, Soller JT, Rippe V, Belge G, Bullerdiek J, Nimzyk R: A domain of the thyroid adenoma associated gene (THADA) conserved in vertebrates becomes destroyed by chromosomal rearrangements observed in thyroid adenomas. Gene. 2007, 403: 110-117. 10.1016/j.gene.2007.06.029.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Zeggini E, Scott LJ, Saxena R, Voight BF, Marchini JL, Hu T, de Bakker PI, Abecasis GR, Almgren P, Andersen G, Ardlie K, Boström KB, Bergman RN, Bonnycastle LL, Borch-Johnsen K, Burtt NP, Chen H, Chines PS, Daly MJ, Deodhar P, Ding CJ, Doney AS, Duren WL, Elliott KS, Erdos MR, Frayling TM, Freathy RM, Gianniny L, Grallert H, Grarup N, Groves CJ, Guiducci C, Hansen T, Herder C, Hitman GA, Hughes TE, Isomaa B, Jackson AU, Jørgensen T, Kong A, Kubalanza K, Kuruvilla FG, Kuusisto J, Langenberg C, Lango H, Lauritzen T, Li Y, Lindgren CM, Lyssenko V, Marvelle AF, Meisinger C, Midthjell K, Mohlke KL, Morken MA, Morris AD, Narisu N, Nilsson P, Owen KR, Palmer CN, Payne F, Perry JR, Pettersen E, Platou C, Prokopenko I, Qi L, Qin L, Rayner NW, Rees M, Roix JJ, Sandbaek A, Shields B, Sjögren M, Steinthorsdottir V, Stringham HM, Swift AJ, Thorleifsson G, Thorsteinsdottir U, Timpson NJ, Tuomi T, Tuomilehto J, Walker M, Watanabe RM, Weedon MN, Willer CJ, Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, Illig T, Hveem K, Hu FB, Laakso M, Stefansson K, Pedersen O, Wareham NJ, Barroso I, Hattersley AT, Collins FS, Groop L, McCarthy MI, Boehnke M, Altshuler D: Meta-analysis of genome-wide association data and large-scale replication identifies additional susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes. Nat Genet. 2008, 40: 638-645. 10.1038/ng.120.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Zeggini E, Scott LJ, Saxena R, Voight BF, Marchini JL, Hu T, de Bakker PI, Abecasis GR, Almgren P, Andersen G, Ardlie K, Boström KB, Bergman RN, Bonnycastle LL, Borch-Johnsen K, Burtt NP, Chen H, Chines PS, Daly MJ, Deodhar P, Ding CJ, Doney AS, Duren WL, Elliott KS, Erdos MR, Frayling TM, Freathy RM, Gianniny L, Grallert H, Grarup N, Groves CJ, Guiducci C, Hansen T, Herder C, Hitman GA, Hughes TE, Isomaa B, Jackson AU, Jørgensen T, Kong A, Kubalanza K, Kuruvilla FG, Kuusisto J, Langenberg C, Lango H, Lauritzen T, Li Y, Lindgren CM, Lyssenko V, Marvelle AF, Meisinger C, Midthjell K, Mohlke KL, Morken MA, Morris AD, Narisu N, Nilsson P, Owen KR, Palmer CN, Payne F, Perry JR, Pettersen E, Platou C, Prokopenko I, Qi L, Qin L, Rayner NW, Rees M, Roix JJ, Sandbaek A, Shields B, Sjögren M, Steinthorsdottir V, Stringham HM, Swift AJ, Thorleifsson G, Thorsteinsdottir U, Timpson NJ, Tuomi T, Tuomilehto J, Walker M, Watanabe RM, Weedon MN, Willer CJ, Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, Illig T, Hveem K, Hu FB, Laakso M, Stefansson K, Pedersen O, Wareham NJ, Barroso I, Hattersley AT, Collins FS, Groop L, McCarthy MI, Boehnke M, Altshuler D: Meta-analysis of genome-wide association data and large-scale replication identifies additional susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes. Nat Genet. 2008, 40: 638-645. 10.1038/ng.120.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
6.
go back to reference Grarup N, Andersen G, Krarup NT, Albrechtsen A, Schmitz O, Jørgensen T, Borch-Johnsen K, Hansen T, Pedersen O: Association testing of novel type 2 diabetes risk-alleles in the JAZF1, CDC123/CAMK1D, TSPAN8, THADA, ADAMTS9, and NOTCH2 loci with insulin release, insulin sensitivity and obesity in a population-based sample of 4,516 glucose-tolerant middle-aged Danes. Diabetes. 2008, 57: 2534-2540. 10.2337/db08-0436.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Grarup N, Andersen G, Krarup NT, Albrechtsen A, Schmitz O, Jørgensen T, Borch-Johnsen K, Hansen T, Pedersen O: Association testing of novel type 2 diabetes risk-alleles in the JAZF1, CDC123/CAMK1D, TSPAN8, THADA, ADAMTS9, and NOTCH2 loci with insulin release, insulin sensitivity and obesity in a population-based sample of 4,516 glucose-tolerant middle-aged Danes. Diabetes. 2008, 57: 2534-2540. 10.2337/db08-0436.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
7.
go back to reference Staiger H, Machicao F, Kantartzis K, Schäfer SA, Kirchhoff K, Guthoff M, Silbernagel G, Stefan N, Fritsche A, Häring HU: Novel meta-analysis-derived type 2 diabetes risk loci do not determine prediabetic phenotypes. PLoS One. 2008, 3: e3019-10.1371/journal.pone.0003019.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Staiger H, Machicao F, Kantartzis K, Schäfer SA, Kirchhoff K, Guthoff M, Silbernagel G, Stefan N, Fritsche A, Häring HU: Novel meta-analysis-derived type 2 diabetes risk loci do not determine prediabetic phenotypes. PLoS One. 2008, 3: e3019-10.1371/journal.pone.0003019.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
8.
go back to reference Boesgaard TW, Gjesing AP, Grarup N, Rutanen J, Jansson PA, Hribal ML, Sesti G, Fritsche A, Stefan N, Staiger H, Häring H, Smith U, Laakso M, Pedersen O, Hansen T, the EUGENE2 Consortium: Variant near ADAMTS9 known to associate with type 2 diabetes is related to insulin resistance in offspring of type 2 diabetes patients-EUGENE2 study. PLoS One. 2009, 4: e7236-10.1371/journal.pone.0007236.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Boesgaard TW, Gjesing AP, Grarup N, Rutanen J, Jansson PA, Hribal ML, Sesti G, Fritsche A, Stefan N, Staiger H, Häring H, Smith U, Laakso M, Pedersen O, Hansen T, the EUGENE2 Consortium: Variant near ADAMTS9 known to associate with type 2 diabetes is related to insulin resistance in offspring of type 2 diabetes patients-EUGENE2 study. PLoS One. 2009, 4: e7236-10.1371/journal.pone.0007236.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
go back to reference Hu C, Zhang R, Wang C, Wang J, Ma X, Lu J, Qin W, Hou X, Wang C, Bao Y, Xiang K, Jia W: PPARG, KCNJ11, CDKAL1, CDKN2A-CDKN2B, IDE-KIF11-HHEX, IGF2BP2 and SLC30A8 are associated with type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population. PLoS One. 2009, 4: e7643-10.1371/journal.pone.0007643.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hu C, Zhang R, Wang C, Wang J, Ma X, Lu J, Qin W, Hou X, Wang C, Bao Y, Xiang K, Jia W: PPARG, KCNJ11, CDKAL1, CDKN2A-CDKN2B, IDE-KIF11-HHEX, IGF2BP2 and SLC30A8 are associated with type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population. PLoS One. 2009, 4: e7643-10.1371/journal.pone.0007643.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
10.
go back to reference Kang ES, Kim MS, Kim CH, Nam CM, Han SJ, Hur KY, Ahn CW, Cha BS, Kim SI, Lee HC, Kim YS: Association of common type 2 diabetes risk gene variants and posttransplantation diabetes mellitus in renal allograft recipients in Korea. Transplantation. 2009, 88: 693-698. 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181b29c41.CrossRefPubMed Kang ES, Kim MS, Kim CH, Nam CM, Han SJ, Hur KY, Ahn CW, Cha BS, Kim SI, Lee HC, Kim YS: Association of common type 2 diabetes risk gene variants and posttransplantation diabetes mellitus in renal allograft recipients in Korea. Transplantation. 2009, 88: 693-698. 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181b29c41.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Parikh H, Lyssenko V, Groop LC: Prioritizing genes for follow-up from genome wide association studies using information on gene expression in tissues relevant for type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Medical Genomics. 2009, 2: 72-10.1186/1755-8794-2-72.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Parikh H, Lyssenko V, Groop LC: Prioritizing genes for follow-up from genome wide association studies using information on gene expression in tissues relevant for type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Medical Genomics. 2009, 2: 72-10.1186/1755-8794-2-72.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
12.
go back to reference Raj SM, Howson JMM, Walker NM, Cooper JD, Smyth DJ, Field SF, Stevens HE, Todd JA: No association of multiple type 2 diabetes loci with type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2009, 52: 2109-2116. 10.1007/s00125-009-1391-y.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Raj SM, Howson JMM, Walker NM, Cooper JD, Smyth DJ, Field SF, Stevens HE, Todd JA: No association of multiple type 2 diabetes loci with type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2009, 52: 2109-2116. 10.1007/s00125-009-1391-y.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
13.
go back to reference Sanghera DK, Been L, Ortega L, Wander GS, Mehra NK, Aston CE, Mulvihill JJ, Ralhan S: Testing the association of novel meta-analysis-derived diabetes risk genes with type II diabetes and related metabolic traits in Asian Indian Sikhs. J Hum Genet. 2009, 54: 162-168. 10.1038/jhg.2009.7.CrossRefPubMed Sanghera DK, Been L, Ortega L, Wander GS, Mehra NK, Aston CE, Mulvihill JJ, Ralhan S: Testing the association of novel meta-analysis-derived diabetes risk genes with type II diabetes and related metabolic traits in Asian Indian Sikhs. J Hum Genet. 2009, 54: 162-168. 10.1038/jhg.2009.7.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Schleinitz D, Tönjes A, Böttcher Y, Dietrich K, Enigk B, Koriath M, Scholz GH, Blüher M, Zeggini E, McCarthy MI, Kovacs P, Stumvoll M: Lack of significant effects of the type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci JAZF1, CDC123/CAMK1D, NOTCH2, ADAMTS9, THADA, and TSPAN8/LGR5 on diabetes and quantitative metabolic traits. Horm Metab Res. 2009, 42: 14-22.CrossRefPubMed Schleinitz D, Tönjes A, Böttcher Y, Dietrich K, Enigk B, Koriath M, Scholz GH, Blüher M, Zeggini E, McCarthy MI, Kovacs P, Stumvoll M: Lack of significant effects of the type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci JAZF1, CDC123/CAMK1D, NOTCH2, ADAMTS9, THADA, and TSPAN8/LGR5 on diabetes and quantitative metabolic traits. Horm Metab Res. 2009, 42: 14-22.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Stancáková A, Kuulasmaa T, Paananen J, Jackson AU, Bonnycastle LL, Collins FS, Boehnke M, Kuusisto J, Laakso M: Association of 18 confirmed susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes with indices of insulin release, proinsulin conversion, and insulin sensitivity in 5,327 non-diabetic Finnish men. Diabetes. 2009, 58: 2129-2136. 10.2337/db09-0117.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Stancáková A, Kuulasmaa T, Paananen J, Jackson AU, Bonnycastle LL, Collins FS, Boehnke M, Kuusisto J, Laakso M: Association of 18 confirmed susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes with indices of insulin release, proinsulin conversion, and insulin sensitivity in 5,327 non-diabetic Finnish men. Diabetes. 2009, 58: 2129-2136. 10.2337/db09-0117.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
16.
go back to reference Simonis-Bik AM, Nijpels G, van Haeften TW, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, Boomsma DI, Reiling E, van Hove EC, Diamant M, Kramer MH, Heine RJ, Maassen JA, Slagboom PE, Willemsen G, Dekker JM, Eekhoff EM, de Geus EJ, 't Hart LM: Gene variants in the novel type 2 diabetes loci CDC123/CAMK1D, THADA, ADAMTS9, BCL11A, and MTNR1B affect different aspects of pancreatic beta-cell function. Diabetes. 2010, 59: 293-301. 10.2337/db09-1048.CrossRefPubMed Simonis-Bik AM, Nijpels G, van Haeften TW, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, Boomsma DI, Reiling E, van Hove EC, Diamant M, Kramer MH, Heine RJ, Maassen JA, Slagboom PE, Willemsen G, Dekker JM, Eekhoff EM, de Geus EJ, 't Hart LM: Gene variants in the novel type 2 diabetes loci CDC123/CAMK1D, THADA, ADAMTS9, BCL11A, and MTNR1B affect different aspects of pancreatic beta-cell function. Diabetes. 2010, 59: 293-301. 10.2337/db09-1048.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Stuebe AM, Lyon H, Herring AH, Ghosh J, Wise A, North KE, Siega-Riz AM: Obesity and diabetes genetic variants associated with gestational weight gain. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010, 203: 283-e1-17CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Stuebe AM, Lyon H, Herring AH, Ghosh J, Wise A, North KE, Siega-Riz AM: Obesity and diabetes genetic variants associated with gestational weight gain. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010, 203: 283-e1-17CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
18.
go back to reference Zhao J, Bradfield JP, Zhang H, Annaiah K, Wang K, Kim CE, Glessner JT, Frackelton EC, Otieno FG, Doran J, Thomas KA, Garris M, Hou C, Chiavacci RM, Li M, Berkowitz RI, Hakonarson H, Grant SF: Examination of all type 2 diabetes GWAS loci reveals HHEX-IDE as a locus influencing pediatric BMI. Diabetes. 2010, 59: 751-755. 10.2337/db09-0972.CrossRefPubMed Zhao J, Bradfield JP, Zhang H, Annaiah K, Wang K, Kim CE, Glessner JT, Frackelton EC, Otieno FG, Doran J, Thomas KA, Garris M, Hou C, Chiavacci RM, Li M, Berkowitz RI, Hakonarson H, Grant SF: Examination of all type 2 diabetes GWAS loci reveals HHEX-IDE as a locus influencing pediatric BMI. Diabetes. 2010, 59: 751-755. 10.2337/db09-0972.CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Klimentidis YC, Divers J, Casazza K, Beasley TM, Allison DB, Fernandez JR: Ancestry-informative markers on chromosomes 2, 8 and 15 are associated with insulin-related traits in a racially diverse sample of children. Hum Genomics. 2011, 5: 79-89.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Klimentidis YC, Divers J, Casazza K, Beasley TM, Allison DB, Fernandez JR: Ancestry-informative markers on chromosomes 2, 8 and 15 are associated with insulin-related traits in a racially diverse sample of children. Hum Genomics. 2011, 5: 79-89.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
20.
go back to reference Vangipurapu J, Stančáková A, Pihlajamäki J, Kuulasmaa TM, Kuulasmaa T, Paananen J, Kuusisto J, Ferrannini E, Laakso M: Association of indices of liver and adipocyte insulin resistance with 19 confirmed susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes in 6,733 non-diabetic Finnish men. Diabetologia. 2011, 54: 563-571. 10.1007/s00125-010-1977-4.CrossRefPubMed Vangipurapu J, Stančáková A, Pihlajamäki J, Kuulasmaa TM, Kuulasmaa T, Paananen J, Kuusisto J, Ferrannini E, Laakso M: Association of indices of liver and adipocyte insulin resistance with 19 confirmed susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes in 6,733 non-diabetic Finnish men. Diabetologia. 2011, 54: 563-571. 10.1007/s00125-010-1977-4.CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference DeLellis RA, Lloyd RV, Heitz PU, Eng C, (Eds.): World Health Organization Classification of Tumours. Pathology and Genetics of Endocrine Organs. 2004, Lyon: IARC Press DeLellis RA, Lloyd RV, Heitz PU, Eng C, (Eds.): World Health Organization Classification of Tumours. Pathology and Genetics of Endocrine Organs. 2004, Lyon: IARC Press
22.
go back to reference Bol S, Belge G, Rippe V, Bullerdiek J: Molecular cytogenetic investigations define a subgroup of thyroid adenomas with 2p21 breakpoints clustered to a region of less than 450 kb. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 2001, 95: 189-191. 10.1159/000059344.CrossRefPubMed Bol S, Belge G, Rippe V, Bullerdiek J: Molecular cytogenetic investigations define a subgroup of thyroid adenomas with 2p21 breakpoints clustered to a region of less than 450 kb. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 2001, 95: 189-191. 10.1159/000059344.CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Drieschner N, Belge G, Rippe V, Meiboom M, Loeschke S, Bullerdiek J: Evidence for a 3p25 breakpoint hot spot region in thyroid tumors of follicular origin. Thyroid. 2006, 16: 1091-1096. 10.1089/thy.2006.16.1091.CrossRefPubMed Drieschner N, Belge G, Rippe V, Meiboom M, Loeschke S, Bullerdiek J: Evidence for a 3p25 breakpoint hot spot region in thyroid tumors of follicular origin. Thyroid. 2006, 16: 1091-1096. 10.1089/thy.2006.16.1091.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Antonov J, Goldstein DR, Oberli A, Baltzer A, Pirotta M, Fleischmann A, Altermatt HJ, Jaggi R: Reliable gene expression measurements from degraded RNA by quantitative real-time PCR depend on short amplicons and a proper normalization. Lab Invest. 2005, 85: 1040-1050. 10.1038/labinvest.3700303.CrossRefPubMed Antonov J, Goldstein DR, Oberli A, Baltzer A, Pirotta M, Fleischmann A, Altermatt HJ, Jaggi R: Reliable gene expression measurements from degraded RNA by quantitative real-time PCR depend on short amplicons and a proper normalization. Lab Invest. 2005, 85: 1040-1050. 10.1038/labinvest.3700303.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Bidart JM, Lacroix L, Evain-Brion D, Caillou B, Lazar V, Frydman R, Bellet D, Filetti S, Schlumberger M: Expression of Na+/I- symporter and Pendred syndrome genes in trophoblast cells. J Clin Endocr Metab. 2000, 85: 4367-4372. 10.1210/jc.85.11.4367.PubMed Bidart JM, Lacroix L, Evain-Brion D, Caillou B, Lazar V, Frydman R, Bellet D, Filetti S, Schlumberger M: Expression of Na+/I- symporter and Pendred syndrome genes in trophoblast cells. J Clin Endocr Metab. 2000, 85: 4367-4372. 10.1210/jc.85.11.4367.PubMed
26.
go back to reference Bas A, Forsberg G, Hammarström S, Hammarström ML: Utility of the housekeeping genes 18S rRNA, beta-actin and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase for normalization in real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of gene expression in human T lymphocytes. Scand J Immunol. 2004, 59: 566-573. 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01440.x.CrossRefPubMed Bas A, Forsberg G, Hammarström S, Hammarström ML: Utility of the housekeeping genes 18S rRNA, beta-actin and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase for normalization in real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of gene expression in human T lymphocytes. Scand J Immunol. 2004, 59: 566-573. 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01440.x.CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Macluskey M, Baillie R, Morrow H, Schor SL, Schor AM: Extraction of RNA from archival tissues and measurement of thrombospondin-1 mRNA in normal, dysplastic, and malignant oral tissues. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006, 44: 116-123. 10.1016/j.bjoms.2005.03.001.CrossRefPubMed Macluskey M, Baillie R, Morrow H, Schor SL, Schor AM: Extraction of RNA from archival tissues and measurement of thrombospondin-1 mRNA in normal, dysplastic, and malignant oral tissues. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006, 44: 116-123. 10.1016/j.bjoms.2005.03.001.CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Nordén MM, Larsson F, Tedelind S, Carlsson T, Lundh C, Forssell-Aronsson E, Nilsson M: Down-regulation of the sodium/iodide symporter explains 131I-induced thyroid stunning. Cancer Res. 2007, 67: 7512-7517. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-0823.CrossRefPubMed Nordén MM, Larsson F, Tedelind S, Carlsson T, Lundh C, Forssell-Aronsson E, Nilsson M: Down-regulation of the sodium/iodide symporter explains 131I-induced thyroid stunning. Cancer Res. 2007, 67: 7512-7517. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-0823.CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Godfrey TE, Kim SH, Chavira M, Ruff DW, Warren RS, Gray JW, Jensen RH: Quantitative mRNA expression analysis from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using 59 nuclease quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. J Mol Diagn. 2000, 2: 84-91. 10.1016/S1525-1578(10)60621-6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Godfrey TE, Kim SH, Chavira M, Ruff DW, Warren RS, Gray JW, Jensen RH: Quantitative mRNA expression analysis from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using 59 nuclease quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. J Mol Diagn. 2000, 2: 84-91. 10.1016/S1525-1578(10)60621-6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
30.
go back to reference Lehmann U, Kreipe H: Real-time PCR analysis of DNA and RNA extracted from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded biopsies. Methods. 2001, 25: 409-418. 10.1006/meth.2001.1263.CrossRefPubMed Lehmann U, Kreipe H: Real-time PCR analysis of DNA and RNA extracted from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded biopsies. Methods. 2001, 25: 409-418. 10.1006/meth.2001.1263.CrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Specht K, Richter T, Müller U, Walch A, Werner M, Höfler H: Quantitative gene expression analysis in microdissected archival formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor tissue. Am J Pathol. 2001, 158: 419-429. 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63985-5.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Specht K, Richter T, Müller U, Walch A, Werner M, Höfler H: Quantitative gene expression analysis in microdissected archival formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor tissue. Am J Pathol. 2001, 158: 419-429. 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63985-5.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
32.
go back to reference Belge G, Meyer A, Klemke M, Burchardt K, Stern C, Wosniok W, Loeschke S, Bullerdiek J: Upregulation of HMGA2 in thyroid carcinomas: a novel molecular marker to distinguish between benign and malignant follicular neoplasias. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2008, 47: 56-63. 10.1002/gcc.20505.CrossRefPubMed Belge G, Meyer A, Klemke M, Burchardt K, Stern C, Wosniok W, Loeschke S, Bullerdiek J: Upregulation of HMGA2 in thyroid carcinomas: a novel molecular marker to distinguish between benign and malignant follicular neoplasias. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2008, 47: 56-63. 10.1002/gcc.20505.CrossRefPubMed
33.
go back to reference Chiappetta G, Ferrarob A, Vuttarielloa E, Monacoa M, Galdieroa F, De Simonea V, Califanoa D, Pallanteb P, Bottia G, Pezzulloa L, Pierantonib GM, Santorob M, Fusco A: HMGA2 mRNA expression correlates with the malignant phenotype in human thyroid neoplasias. Eur J Cancer. 2008, 44: 1015-1021. 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.02.039.CrossRefPubMed Chiappetta G, Ferrarob A, Vuttarielloa E, Monacoa M, Galdieroa F, De Simonea V, Califanoa D, Pallanteb P, Bottia G, Pezzulloa L, Pierantonib GM, Santorob M, Fusco A: HMGA2 mRNA expression correlates with the malignant phenotype in human thyroid neoplasias. Eur J Cancer. 2008, 44: 1015-1021. 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.02.039.CrossRefPubMed
34.
go back to reference Prasad NB, Somervell H, Tufano RP, Dackiw AP, Marohn MR, Califano JA, Wang Y, Westra WH, Clark DP, Umbricht CB, Libutti SK, Zeiger MA: Identification of genes differentially expressed in benign versus malignant thyroid tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2008, 14: 3327-3337. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-4495.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Prasad NB, Somervell H, Tufano RP, Dackiw AP, Marohn MR, Califano JA, Wang Y, Westra WH, Clark DP, Umbricht CB, Libutti SK, Zeiger MA: Identification of genes differentially expressed in benign versus malignant thyroid tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2008, 14: 3327-3337. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-4495.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
35.
go back to reference Arturi F, Russo D, Schlumberger M, du Villard JA, Caillou B, Vigneri P, Wicker R, Chiefari E, Suarez HG, Filetti S: Iodide symporter gene expression in human thyroid tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998, 83: 2493-2496. 10.1210/jc.83.7.2493.PubMed Arturi F, Russo D, Schlumberger M, du Villard JA, Caillou B, Vigneri P, Wicker R, Chiefari E, Suarez HG, Filetti S: Iodide symporter gene expression in human thyroid tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998, 83: 2493-2496. 10.1210/jc.83.7.2493.PubMed
36.
go back to reference Dohán O, De la Vieja A, Paroder V, Riedel C, Artani M, Reed M, Ginter CS, Carrasco N: The sodium/iodide Symporter (NIS): characterization, regulation, and medical significance. Endocr Rev. 2003, 24: 48-77. 10.1210/er.2001-0029.CrossRefPubMed Dohán O, De la Vieja A, Paroder V, Riedel C, Artani M, Reed M, Ginter CS, Carrasco N: The sodium/iodide Symporter (NIS): characterization, regulation, and medical significance. Endocr Rev. 2003, 24: 48-77. 10.1210/er.2001-0029.CrossRefPubMed
37.
go back to reference Ward LS, Santarosa PL, Granja F, da Assumpção LV, Savoldi M, Goldman GH: Low expression of sodium iodide symporter identifies aggressive thyroid tumors. Cancer Lett. 2003, 200: 85-91. 10.1016/S0304-3835(03)00392-6.CrossRefPubMed Ward LS, Santarosa PL, Granja F, da Assumpção LV, Savoldi M, Goldman GH: Low expression of sodium iodide symporter identifies aggressive thyroid tumors. Cancer Lett. 2003, 200: 85-91. 10.1016/S0304-3835(03)00392-6.CrossRefPubMed
38.
go back to reference Li W, Ain KB: Human sodium-iodide symporter (hNIS) gene expression is inhibited by a trans-active transcriptional repressor, NIS-repressor, containing PARP-1 in thyroid cancer cells. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2010, 17: 383-398. 10.1677/ERC-09-0156.CrossRefPubMed Li W, Ain KB: Human sodium-iodide symporter (hNIS) gene expression is inhibited by a trans-active transcriptional repressor, NIS-repressor, containing PARP-1 in thyroid cancer cells. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2010, 17: 383-398. 10.1677/ERC-09-0156.CrossRefPubMed
39.
go back to reference Pellizzari L, D'Elia A, Rustighi A, Manfioletti G, Tell G, Damante G: Expression and function of the homeodomain-containing protein Hex in thyroid cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000, 28: 2503-2511. 10.1093/nar/28.13.2503.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Pellizzari L, D'Elia A, Rustighi A, Manfioletti G, Tell G, Damante G: Expression and function of the homeodomain-containing protein Hex in thyroid cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000, 28: 2503-2511. 10.1093/nar/28.13.2503.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
40.
go back to reference D'Elia AV, Tell G, Russo D, Arturi F, Puglisi F, Manfioletti G, Gattei V, Mack DL, Cataldi P, Filetti S, Di Loreto C, Damante G: Expression and localization of the homeodomain-containing protein HEX in human thyroid tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002, 87: 1376-1383. 10.1210/jc.87.3.1376.CrossRefPubMed D'Elia AV, Tell G, Russo D, Arturi F, Puglisi F, Manfioletti G, Gattei V, Mack DL, Cataldi P, Filetti S, Di Loreto C, Damante G: Expression and localization of the homeodomain-containing protein HEX in human thyroid tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002, 87: 1376-1383. 10.1210/jc.87.3.1376.CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Puppin C, Presta I, D'Elia AV, Tell G, Arturi F, Russo D, Filetti S, Damante G: Functional interaction among thyroid-specific transcription factors: Pax8 regulates the activity of Hex promoter. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2004, 214: 117-125. 10.1016/j.mce.2003.10.061.CrossRefPubMed Puppin C, Presta I, D'Elia AV, Tell G, Arturi F, Russo D, Filetti S, Damante G: Functional interaction among thyroid-specific transcription factors: Pax8 regulates the activity of Hex promoter. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2004, 214: 117-125. 10.1016/j.mce.2003.10.061.CrossRefPubMed
42.
go back to reference Wen AY, Sakamoto KM, Miller LS: The role of the transcription factor CREB in immune function. J Immunol. 2010, 185: 6413-6419. 10.4049/jimmunol.1001829.CrossRefPubMed Wen AY, Sakamoto KM, Miller LS: The role of the transcription factor CREB in immune function. J Immunol. 2010, 185: 6413-6419. 10.4049/jimmunol.1001829.CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Rosenberg D, Groussin L, Jullian E, Perlemoine K, Bertagna X, Bertherat J: Role of the PKA-regulated transcription factor CREB in development and tumorigenesis of endocrine tissues. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002, 968: 65-74. 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04327.x.CrossRefPubMed Rosenberg D, Groussin L, Jullian E, Perlemoine K, Bertagna X, Bertherat J: Role of the PKA-regulated transcription factor CREB in development and tumorigenesis of endocrine tissues. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002, 968: 65-74. 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04327.x.CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Brunetti A, Chiefari E, Filetti S, Russo D: The 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB) is functionally reduced in human toxic thyroid adenomas. Endocrinology. 2000, 141: 722-730. 10.1210/en.141.2.722.PubMed Brunetti A, Chiefari E, Filetti S, Russo D: The 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB) is functionally reduced in human toxic thyroid adenomas. Endocrinology. 2000, 141: 722-730. 10.1210/en.141.2.722.PubMed
45.
go back to reference Nguyen LQ, Kopp P, Martinson F, Stanfield K, Roth SI, Jameson JL: A dominant negative CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) isoform inhibits thyrocyte growth, thyroid-specific gene expression, differentiation, and function. Mol Endocrinol. 2000, 14: 1448-1461. 10.1210/me.14.9.1448.CrossRefPubMed Nguyen LQ, Kopp P, Martinson F, Stanfield K, Roth SI, Jameson JL: A dominant negative CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) isoform inhibits thyrocyte growth, thyroid-specific gene expression, differentiation, and function. Mol Endocrinol. 2000, 14: 1448-1461. 10.1210/me.14.9.1448.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Decrease in thyroid adenoma associated (THADA) expression is a marker of dedifferentiation of thyroid tissue
Authors
Lars Kloth
Gazanfer Belge
Käte Burchardt
Siegfried Loeschke
Werner Wosniok
Xin Fu
Rolf Nimzyk
Salah A Mohamed
Norbert Drieschner
Volkhard Rippe
Jörn Bullerdiek
Publication date
01-12-2011
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Clinical Pathology / Issue 1/2011
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6890
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6890-11-13

Other articles of this Issue 1/2011

BMC Clinical Pathology 1/2011 Go to the issue
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine