Study on the expression of CD14 + CD16 + monocytes and VEGF in peripheral blood of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic macroangiopathy

To study the expression of CD14 + CD16 + monocytes and VEGF and the levels of serum adiponectin and MCP-1 in peripheral blood of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic macroangiopathy to understand the possible mechanism of inflammatory immune response in T2DM and diabetic macroangiopathy.

Peripheral blood CD14 + CD16 + monocytes were detected by flow cytometry in 50 T2DM patients, 50 patients with diabetic macroangiopathy, and 20 healthy controls or normal controls who participated in outpatient physical examination, and used the Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation isolated PBMC and quantitative PCR technology comparison between groups research object in the peripheral blood PBMC VEGF mRNA expression level. Serum levels of adiponectin and MCP-1 were measured by ELISA.

Compared with normal control group (NGT), the fluorescence intensity of proinflammatory CD14 + CD16 + monocytes in simple T2DM group and T2DM combined with macroangiopathy group were significantly increased (p < 0.05), and T2DM combined with macroangiopathy group was significantly higher than T2DM group, the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Moreover, the expression of VEGF mRNA in peripheral blood PBMCs, T2DM combined with macroangiopathy> T2DM patients> healthy volunteers, the differences were significant (p < 0.05). Compared with NGT group, the levels of serum adiponectin in T2DM group and T2DM combined with macroangiopathy group were significantly lower than those in NGT group (p < 0.01), and the levels of serum adiponectin, simple T2DM Group were lower than T2DM combined with macroangiopathy group (p < 0.05). The level of MCP-1 in serum compared with simple T2DM group and NGT group, T2DM combined with macroangiopathy group had statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). The serum level of MCP-1 in T2DM group was also higher than that in NGT group (p < 0.05). At the same time, we also found that the increase of CD14 + CD16 + monocytes was positively correlated with serum MCP-1 levels.

T2DM patients and T2DM combined with macroangiopathy patients have increased expression of VEGF and MCP-1 concentration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The increase of MCP-1 may increase the number of CD14 + CD16 + monocytes, which is involved in the chronic inflammation in patients with T2DM and T2DM combined with macroangiopathy, resulting in the occurrence and development of T2DM and its complications.