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BMC Cancer
Published in: BMC Cancer 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research article

Curcumin decreases malignant characteristics of glioblastoma stem cells via induction of reactive oxygen species

Authors: Zachary C. Gersey, Gregor A. Rodriguez, Eric Barbarite, Anthony Sanchez, Winston M. Walters, Kelechi C. Ohaeto, Ricardo J. Komotar, Regina M. Graham

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal form of primary brain tumor in adults. Following standard treatment of surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, patients are expected to survive 12–14 months. Theorized cause of disease recurrence in these patients is tumor cell repopulation through the proliferation of treatment-resistant cancer stem cells. Current research has revealed curcumin, the principal ingredient in turmeric, can modulate multiple signaling pathways important for cancer stem cell self-renewal and survival.

Methods

Following resection, tumor specimens were dissociated and glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) were propagated in neurosphere media and characterized via immunocytochemistry. Cell viability was determined with MTS assay. GSC proliferation, sphere forming and colony forming assays were conducted through standard counting methods. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was examined using the fluorescent molecular probe CM-H2DCFA. Effects on cell signaling pathways were elucidated by western blot.

Results

We evaluate the effects of curcumin on patient-derived GSC lines. We demonstrate a curcumin-induced dose-dependent decrease in GSC viability with an approximate IC50 of 25 μM. Treatment with sub-toxic levels (2.5 μM) of curcumin significantly decreased GSC proliferation, sphere forming ability and colony forming potential. Curcumin induced ROS, promoted MAPK pathway activation, downregulated STAT3 activity and IAP family members. Inhibition of ROS with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine reversed these effects indicating a ROS dependent mechanism.

Conclusions

Discoveries made in this investigation may lead to a non-toxic intervention designed to prevent recurrence in glioblastoma by targeting glioblastoma stem cells.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Curcumin decreases malignant characteristics of glioblastoma stem cells via induction of reactive oxygen species
Authors
Zachary C. Gersey
Gregor A. Rodriguez
Eric Barbarite
Anthony Sanchez
Winston M. Walters
Kelechi C. Ohaeto
Ricardo J. Komotar
Regina M. Graham
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-017-3058-2

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