Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 10/2006

01-10-2006 | ORIGINAL PAPER

Culture shock and social support

A survey in Greek migrant students

Authors: Stella Pantelidou, Prof. Tom K. J. Craig

Published in: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology | Issue 10/2006

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Culture shock is a form of psychological distress associated with migration. Social support has been identified as significantly related to the onset, course and outcome of many psychological disorders.

Aim

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between culture shock and social support, in terms of size, diversity of the social network and quality of support received, in Greek students, in the UK.

Method

A total of 133 students completed 3 self-administered questionnaires: Culture Shock Questionnaire, Social Support Questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12).

Results

Gender and the quality of support received were found to be strongly associated with culture shock. Furthermore, culture shock was significantly positively related to the level of current dysphoria and diminished with time.

Conclusion

Social support is an important factor associated with the degree of culture shock and should be taken into consideration in order to protect against or help to overcome this kind of psychological distress experienced by migrants.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Bhugra D, Jones P (2001) Migration and mental illness. Adv Psychiatr Treatment 7:216–223CrossRef Bhugra D, Jones P (2001) Migration and mental illness. Adv Psychiatr Treatment 7:216–223CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Oberg K (1960) Cultural shock: adjustment to new cultural environments. Practical Anthropol 7:177–182 Oberg K (1960) Cultural shock: adjustment to new cultural environments. Practical Anthropol 7:177–182
3.
go back to reference Taft R (1977) Coping with unfamiliar cultures. In: Warren N (ed) Studies in cross-cultural psychology, vol 1. Academic Press, London Taft R (1977) Coping with unfamiliar cultures. In: Warren N (ed) Studies in cross-cultural psychology, vol 1. Academic Press, London
4.
go back to reference Mumford DB (1998) The measurement of culture shock. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 33:149–154PubMedCrossRef Mumford DB (1998) The measurement of culture shock. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 33:149–154PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Mumford DB (2000) Culture shock among young British volunteers working abroad: predictors, risk factors and outcome. Transcult Psychiatry 37:73–87 Mumford DB (2000) Culture shock among young British volunteers working abroad: predictors, risk factors and outcome. Transcult Psychiatry 37:73–87
6.
go back to reference Ryan ME, Twibell RS (2000) Concerns, values, stress, coping, health and educational outcomes of college students who studied abroad. Intern J Intercult Rel 24:409–435CrossRef Ryan ME, Twibell RS (2000) Concerns, values, stress, coping, health and educational outcomes of college students who studied abroad. Intern J Intercult Rel 24:409–435CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Brugha T (1988) Social support. Curr Opin Psychiatry 1:206–211 Brugha T (1988) Social support. Curr Opin Psychiatry 1:206–211
8.
go back to reference Cohen S, Doyle WJ, Skoner DP, Rabin BS, Gwaltney JM (1997) Social ties and susceptibility to the common cold. J Am Med Assoc 277:1940–1944CrossRef Cohen S, Doyle WJ, Skoner DP, Rabin BS, Gwaltney JM (1997) Social ties and susceptibility to the common cold. J Am Med Assoc 277:1940–1944CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Brugha TS (1995) Social support and psychiatric disorder. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Brugha TS (1995) Social support and psychiatric disorder. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
10.
go back to reference Harris M, Bergman HC, Bachrach CC (1986) Individualised network planning for chronic psychiatric patients. Psychiatr Q 58:51–56PubMedCrossRef Harris M, Bergman HC, Bachrach CC (1986) Individualised network planning for chronic psychiatric patients. Psychiatr Q 58:51–56PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Brown GW, Harris T (1978) The social origins of depression. Free Press, New York Brown GW, Harris T (1978) The social origins of depression. Free Press, New York
12.
go back to reference Miller PM, Lloyd C (1991) Social support and its interactions with personality and childhood background as predictors of psychiatric symptoms in Scottish and American medical students. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 26:171–177PubMed Miller PM, Lloyd C (1991) Social support and its interactions with personality and childhood background as predictors of psychiatric symptoms in Scottish and American medical students. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 26:171–177PubMed
13.
go back to reference Cohen S (1991) Social support and physical health: symptoms, health behaviours and infectious diseases. In: Greene AL, Cummings EM, Karraker KH (eds) Life-span developmental psychology: perspectives on stress and coping. Erlbaum, Hillsdale Cohen S (1991) Social support and physical health: symptoms, health behaviours and infectious diseases. In: Greene AL, Cummings EM, Karraker KH (eds) Life-span developmental psychology: perspectives on stress and coping. Erlbaum, Hillsdale
14.
go back to reference Cohen S, Mermelstein R, Kamarck T, Hoberman H (1985) Measuring the functional components of social support. In: Sarason IG, Sarason BR (eds) Social support: theory, research, and application. Martinus Nijhoff, Holland Cohen S, Mermelstein R, Kamarck T, Hoberman H (1985) Measuring the functional components of social support. In: Sarason IG, Sarason BR (eds) Social support: theory, research, and application. Martinus Nijhoff, Holland
15.
go back to reference Cohen S, Hoberman HM (1983) Positive events and social support as buffers of life change stress. J Appl Soc Psychol 13:99–125CrossRef Cohen S, Hoberman HM (1983) Positive events and social support as buffers of life change stress. J Appl Soc Psychol 13:99–125CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Goldberg DP, Williams P (1988) A user’s guide to the GHQ. NFER-Nelson, Windsor Goldberg DP, Williams P (1988) A user’s guide to the GHQ. NFER-Nelson, Windsor
17.
go back to reference Cohen S, Underwood LG, Gottlieb BH (2000) Social support measurement and intervention. Oxford University Press, Oxford Cohen S, Underwood LG, Gottlieb BH (2000) Social support measurement and intervention. Oxford University Press, Oxford
18.
go back to reference Hallstrom T (1986) Social origins of major depression: the role of provoking agents and vulnerability factors. Acta Psychiatr Scand 73:383–389PubMed Hallstrom T (1986) Social origins of major depression: the role of provoking agents and vulnerability factors. Acta Psychiatr Scand 73:383–389PubMed
19.
go back to reference Mavreas VG, Bebbington PE (1988) Greeks, British Greek Cypriots and Londoners: a comparison of morbidity. Psychol Med 18:433–442PubMed Mavreas VG, Bebbington PE (1988) Greeks, British Greek Cypriots and Londoners: a comparison of morbidity. Psychol Med 18:433–442PubMed
20.
go back to reference Charalabaki E, Bauwens F, Stefos G, Madianos MG (1995) Immigration and psychopathology: a clinical study. Eur Psychiatry 10:237–244CrossRef Charalabaki E, Bauwens F, Stefos G, Madianos MG (1995) Immigration and psychopathology: a clinical study. Eur Psychiatry 10:237–244CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Madianos M (1984) Acculturation and mental health of Greek immigrants. In: Hudolin V (ed) Social psychiatry. New York, Plenum Press Madianos M (1984) Acculturation and mental health of Greek immigrants. In: Hudolin V (ed) Social psychiatry. New York, Plenum Press
22.
go back to reference Monroe SM, Steiner SC (1986) Social support and psychopathology: interrelations with pre-existing disorder, stress and personality. J Abnorm Psychol 95:29–39PubMedCrossRef Monroe SM, Steiner SC (1986) Social support and psychopathology: interrelations with pre-existing disorder, stress and personality. J Abnorm Psychol 95:29–39PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Alloway R, Bebbington P (1987) The buffer theory of social support: a review of the literature. Psychol Med 17:91–108PubMedCrossRef Alloway R, Bebbington P (1987) The buffer theory of social support: a review of the literature. Psychol Med 17:91–108PubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Liu WT (1986) Culture and social support. Research on Aging 3:57–83 Liu WT (1986) Culture and social support. Research on Aging 3:57–83
Metadata
Title
Culture shock and social support
A survey in Greek migrant students
Authors
Stella Pantelidou
Prof. Tom K. J. Craig
Publication date
01-10-2006
Publisher
Steinkopff-Verlag
Published in
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology / Issue 10/2006
Print ISSN: 0933-7954
Electronic ISSN: 1433-9285
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-006-0096-5

Other articles of this Issue 10/2006

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 10/2006 Go to the issue