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BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation
Published in: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Technical advance

Criterion validity and reliability of a smartphone delivered sub-maximal fitness test for people with type 2 diabetes

Authors: Cecilie Fau Brinkløv, Ida Kær Thorsen, Kristian Karstoft, Charlotte Brøns, Laura Valentiner, Henning Langberg, Allan Arthur Vaag, Jens Steen Nielsen, Bente Klarlund Pedersen, Mathias Ried-Larsen

Published in: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Background

Prevention of multi-morbidities following non-communicable diseases requires a systematic registration of adverse modifiable risk factors, including low physical fitness. The aim of the study was to establish criterion validity and reliability of a smartphone app (InterWalk) delivered fitness test in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

Patients with type 2 diabetes (N = 27, mean (SD) age 64.2 (5.9) years, BMI 30.0 (5.1) kg/m2, (30 % male)) completed a 7-min progressive walking protocol twice (with and without encouragement). VO2 during the test was assessed using indirect calorimetry and the acceleration (vector magnitude) from the smartphone was obtained. The vector magnitude was used to predict VO2peak along with the co-variates weight, height and sex. The validity of the algorithm was tested when the smartphone was placed in the right pocket of the pants or jacket. The algorithm was validated using leave-one-out cross validation. Test-retest reliability was tested in a subset of participants (N = 10).

Results

The overall VO2peak prediction of the algorithm (R2) was 0.60 and 0.45 when the smartphone was placed in the pockets of the pants and jacket, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean bias (limits of agreement) in the cross validation was−0.4 (38) % (pants) and−0.1 (46) % (jacket). When the smartphone was placed in the jacket a significant intensity dependent bias (r = 0.5, p = 0.02) was observed. The test-retest intraclass correlations were 0.85 and 0.86 (p < 0.001), for the pants and jacket, respectively. No effects of encouragement were observed on test performance.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the InterWalk Fitness Test is accurate and reliable for persons with type 2 diabetes when the smartphone is placed in the side pocket of the pants for. The test could give a fair estimate of the CRF in absence of a progressive maximal test during standardized conditions with the appropriate equipment.

Trial registration

www.​clinicaltrials.​org (NCT02089477), first registered (prospectively) on March 14th 2014
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Metadata
Title
Criterion validity and reliability of a smartphone delivered sub-maximal fitness test for people with type 2 diabetes
Authors
Cecilie Fau Brinkløv
Ida Kær Thorsen
Kristian Karstoft
Charlotte Brøns
Laura Valentiner
Henning Langberg
Allan Arthur Vaag
Jens Steen Nielsen
Bente Klarlund Pedersen
Mathias Ried-Larsen
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 2052-1847
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-016-0056-7

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