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Open Access 27-05-2022 | COVID-19 | Original Article

The prospective relationship between loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK

Authors: Jelena Milicev, Pamela Qualter, Claire Goodfellow, Joanna Inchley, Sharon Anne Simpson, Alastair H. Leyland, Kalpa Kharicha, Emily Long

Published in: Journal of Public Health | Issue 9/2023

Abstract

Aim

Mental wellbeing in the UK seems to have deteriorated significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the rates of loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress taking longer to return to the pre-pandemic levels than elsewhere. Nevertheless, there is little knowledge about the interactions between these outcomes, or the factors that played a role in the rates of change. The current study aims to address this gap by simultaneously investigating changes in loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress in the UK from pre-pandemic levels to those between April and November 2020, while critically assessing the role of a range of social ecological influencing factors.

Subject and Methods

Longitudinal data from Understanding Society (N=3475) were used to explore the changes in loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress from pre-pandemic levels (2017-2019) through November 2020, the interactions between these outcomes, and the role of individual, social, community and geographic factors in the rates of change, using multivariate latent growth curve model.

Results

Loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress deteriorated minimally between April and November 2020, compared to the pre-pandemic levels (2017–2019), while the rate of change in each outcome influenced the rates of change in the other two. Key individual (age, gender, physical health), social (number of friends and similarity to them), and environmental (neighbourhood quality) variables influenced baseline scores and the rates of change.

Conclusion

Considering significant dynamic associations between loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress, we argue that interventions to tackle any one of the outcomes may have beneficial effects on others, while highlighting malleable factors and individual and community-level interventions to tackle loneliness.

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Title: The prospective relationship between loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK
Authors: Jelena Milicev
Pamela Qualter
Claire Goodfellow
Joanna Inchley
Sharon Anne Simpson
Alastair H. Leyland
Kalpa Kharicha
Emily Long
Publication date: 27-05-2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keyword: COVID-19
Published in: Journal of Public Health / Issue 9/2023
Print ISSN: 2198-1833
Electronic ISSN: 1613-2238
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-022-01719-x

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

The prospective relationship between loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK

Abstract

Aim

Subject and Methods

Results

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Aim

Subject and Methods

Results

Conclusion

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