Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Pediatric Nephrology 5/2024

11-12-2023 | COVID-19 | Original Article

COVID-19 disease among children and young adults enrolled in the North American Pediatric Renal Trials and Collaborative Studies registry

Authors: Sarah Twichell, Isa Ashoor, Sara Boynton, Vikas Dharnidharka, Sarah Kizilbash, Daniella Levy Erez, Jodi Smith, on behalf of the NAPRTCS Investigators

Published in: Pediatric Nephrology | Issue 5/2024

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has disproportionately affected adults with kidney disease. Data regarding outcomes among children with kidney disease are limited. The North American Pediatric Renal Trials Collaborative Studies Registry (NAPRTCS) has followed children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) since 1987 at 87 participating centers. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 among participants enrolled in the three arms of the registry: CKD, dialysis, and transplant.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 among participants in the NAPRTCS CKD, dialysis, and transplant registries from 2020 to 2022. Where appropriate, t-tests, chi-square analyses, and univariate logistic regression were used to evaluate the data.

Results

The cohort included 1505 NAPRTCS participants with recent data entry; 260 (17%) had documented COVID-19. Infections occurred in all three registry arms, namely, 10% (n = 29) in CKD, 11% (n = 67) in dialysis, and 26% (n = 164) in transplant. The majority of participants (75%) were symptomatic. Hospitalizations occurred in 17% (n = 5) of participants with CKD, 27% (n = 18) maintenance dialysis participants, and 26% (n = 43) of transplant participants. Fourteen percent (n = 4) of CKD participants and 10% (n = 17) of transplant participants developed acute kidney injury (AKI), and a total of eight participants (one CKD, seven transplant) required dialysis initiation. Among transplant participants with moderate to severe illness, 40–43% developed AKI and 29–40% required acute dialysis. There were no reported deaths.

Conclusions

COVID-19 was documented in 17% of active NAPRTCS participants. While there was no documented mortality, the majority of participants were symptomatic, and a quarter required hospitalization.

Graphical abstract

Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference De Meester J, De Bacquer D, Naesens M, Meijers B, Couttenye MM, De Vriese AS, NBVN Kidney Registry Group (2021) Incidence, characteristics, and outcome of COVID-19 in adults on kidney replacement therapy: a regionwide registry study. J Am Soc Nephrol 32:385–396 De Meester J, De Bacquer D, Naesens M, Meijers B, Couttenye MM, De Vriese AS, NBVN Kidney Registry Group (2021) Incidence, characteristics, and outcome of COVID-19 in adults on kidney replacement therapy: a regionwide registry study. J Am Soc Nephrol 32:385–396
3.
go back to reference Ozturk S, Turgutalp K, Arici M, Odabas AR, Altiparmak MR, Aydin Z, Cebeci E, Basturk T, Soypacaci Z, Sahin G, Elif Ozler T, Kara E, Dheir H, Eren N, Suleymanlar G, Islam M, Ogutmen MB, Sengul E, Ayar Y, Dolarslan ME, Bakirdogen S, Safak S, Gungor O, Sahin I, Mentese IB, Merhametsiz O, Oguz EG, Genek DG, Alpay N, Aktas N, Duranay M, Alagoz S, Colak H, Adibelli Z, Pembegul I, Hur E, Azak A, Taymez DG, Tatar E, Kazancioglu R, Oruc A, Yuksel E, Onan E, Turkmen K, Hasbal NB, Gurel A, Yelken B, Sahutoglu T, Gok M, Seyahi N, Sevinc M, Ozkurt S, Sipahi S, Bek SG, Bora F, Demirelli B, Oto OA, Altunoren O, Tuglular SZ, Demir ME, Ayli MD, Huddam B, Tanrisev M, Bozaci I, Gursu M, Bakar B, Tokgoz B, Tonbul HZ, Yildiz A, Sezer S, Ates K (2020) Mortality analysis of COVID-19 infection in chronic kidney disease, haemodialysis and renal transplant patients compared with patients without kidney disease: a nationwide analysis from Turkey. Nephrol Dial Transplant 35:2083–2095CrossRefPubMed Ozturk S, Turgutalp K, Arici M, Odabas AR, Altiparmak MR, Aydin Z, Cebeci E, Basturk T, Soypacaci Z, Sahin G, Elif Ozler T, Kara E, Dheir H, Eren N, Suleymanlar G, Islam M, Ogutmen MB, Sengul E, Ayar Y, Dolarslan ME, Bakirdogen S, Safak S, Gungor O, Sahin I, Mentese IB, Merhametsiz O, Oguz EG, Genek DG, Alpay N, Aktas N, Duranay M, Alagoz S, Colak H, Adibelli Z, Pembegul I, Hur E, Azak A, Taymez DG, Tatar E, Kazancioglu R, Oruc A, Yuksel E, Onan E, Turkmen K, Hasbal NB, Gurel A, Yelken B, Sahutoglu T, Gok M, Seyahi N, Sevinc M, Ozkurt S, Sipahi S, Bek SG, Bora F, Demirelli B, Oto OA, Altunoren O, Tuglular SZ, Demir ME, Ayli MD, Huddam B, Tanrisev M, Bozaci I, Gursu M, Bakar B, Tokgoz B, Tonbul HZ, Yildiz A, Sezer S, Ates K (2020) Mortality analysis of COVID-19 infection in chronic kidney disease, haemodialysis and renal transplant patients compared with patients without kidney disease: a nationwide analysis from Turkey. Nephrol Dial Transplant 35:2083–2095CrossRefPubMed
4.
5.
go back to reference Mastrangelo A, Morello W, Vidal E, Guzzo I, AnnicchiaricoPetruzzelli L, Benetti E, Materassi M, Giordano M, Pasini A, Corrado C, Puccio G, Chimenz R, Pecoraro C, Massella L, Peruzzi L, Montini G, COVID-19 Task Force of the Italian Society of Pediatric Nephrology, COVID-19 TASK FORCE of the Italian Society of Pediatric Nephrology (2021) Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Children with CKD or Immunosuppression. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 16:449–451CrossRefPubMed Mastrangelo A, Morello W, Vidal E, Guzzo I, AnnicchiaricoPetruzzelli L, Benetti E, Materassi M, Giordano M, Pasini A, Corrado C, Puccio G, Chimenz R, Pecoraro C, Massella L, Peruzzi L, Montini G, COVID-19 Task Force of the Italian Society of Pediatric Nephrology, COVID-19 TASK FORCE of the Italian Society of Pediatric Nephrology (2021) Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Children with CKD or Immunosuppression. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 16:449–451CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Marlais M, Wlodkowski T, Al-Akash S, Ananin P, Bandi VK, Baudouin V, Boyer O, Vasquez L, Govindan S, Hooman N, Ijaz I, Loza R, Melgosa M, Pande N, Pape L, Saha A, Samsonov D, Schreuder MF, Sharma J, Siddiqui S, Sinha R, Stewart H, Tasic V, Tonshoff B, Twombley K, Upadhyay K, Vivarelli M, Weaver DJ, Woroniecki R, Schaefer F, Tullus K (2020) COVID-19 in children treated with immunosuppressive medication for kidney diseases. Arch Dis Child 106:798–801CrossRefPubMed Marlais M, Wlodkowski T, Al-Akash S, Ananin P, Bandi VK, Baudouin V, Boyer O, Vasquez L, Govindan S, Hooman N, Ijaz I, Loza R, Melgosa M, Pande N, Pape L, Saha A, Samsonov D, Schreuder MF, Sharma J, Siddiqui S, Sinha R, Stewart H, Tasic V, Tonshoff B, Twombley K, Upadhyay K, Vivarelli M, Weaver DJ, Woroniecki R, Schaefer F, Tullus K (2020) COVID-19 in children treated with immunosuppressive medication for kidney diseases. Arch Dis Child 106:798–801CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Talgam-Horshi E, Mozer-Glassberg Y, Waisbourd-Zinman O, Ashkenazi-Hoffnung L, Haskin O, Levi S, Hamdani G, Landau D, Alfandary H (2021) Clinical outcomes and antibody response in COVID-19-positive pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. Pediatr Infect Dis J 40:e514–e516CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Talgam-Horshi E, Mozer-Glassberg Y, Waisbourd-Zinman O, Ashkenazi-Hoffnung L, Haskin O, Levi S, Hamdani G, Landau D, Alfandary H (2021) Clinical outcomes and antibody response in COVID-19-positive pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. Pediatr Infect Dis J 40:e514–e516CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
8.
go back to reference Singer PS, Sethna C, Molmenti E, Fahmy A, Grodstein E, Castellanos-Reyes L, Fassano J, Teperman L (2021) COVID-19 infection in a pediatric kidney transplant population: a single-center experience. Pediatr Transplant 25:e14018CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Singer PS, Sethna C, Molmenti E, Fahmy A, Grodstein E, Castellanos-Reyes L, Fassano J, Teperman L (2021) COVID-19 infection in a pediatric kidney transplant population: a single-center experience. Pediatr Transplant 25:e14018CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
go back to reference Bansal N, Ovchinsky N, Foca M, Lamour JM, Kogan-Liberman D, Hsu DT, Beddows K, Abraham L, Coburn M, Cunningham R, Nguyen T, Hayde N (2022) COVID-19 infection in pediatric solid organ transplant patients. Pediatr Transplant 26:e14156CrossRefPubMed Bansal N, Ovchinsky N, Foca M, Lamour JM, Kogan-Liberman D, Hsu DT, Beddows K, Abraham L, Coburn M, Cunningham R, Nguyen T, Hayde N (2022) COVID-19 infection in pediatric solid organ transplant patients. Pediatr Transplant 26:e14156CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Varnell C Jr, Harshman LA, Smith L, Liu C, Chen S, Al-Akash S, Barletta GM, Belsha C, Brakeman P, Chaudhuri A, Fadakar P, Garro R, Gluck C, Goebel J, Kershaw D, Matossian D, Nailescu C, Patel HP, Pruette C, Ranabothu S, Rodig N, Smith J, Sebestyen VanSickle J, Weng P, Danziger-Isakov L, Hooper DK, Seifert M (2021) COVID-19 in pediatric kidney transplantation: the Improving Renal Outcomes Collaborative. Am J Transplant 21:2740–2748CrossRefPubMed Varnell C Jr, Harshman LA, Smith L, Liu C, Chen S, Al-Akash S, Barletta GM, Belsha C, Brakeman P, Chaudhuri A, Fadakar P, Garro R, Gluck C, Goebel J, Kershaw D, Matossian D, Nailescu C, Patel HP, Pruette C, Ranabothu S, Rodig N, Smith J, Sebestyen VanSickle J, Weng P, Danziger-Isakov L, Hooper DK, Seifert M (2021) COVID-19 in pediatric kidney transplantation: the Improving Renal Outcomes Collaborative. Am J Transplant 21:2740–2748CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Goss MB, Galvan NTN, Ruan W, Munoz FM, Brewer ED, O’Mahony CA, Melicoff-Portillo E, Dreyer WJ, Miloh TA, Cigarroa FG, Ranch D, Yoeli D, Adams MA, Koohmaraie S, Harter DM, Rana A, Cotton RT, Carter B, Patel S, Moreno NF, Leung DH, Goss JA (2021) The pediatric solid organ transplant experience with COVID-19: an initial multi-center, multi-organ case series. Pediatr Transplant 25:e13868CrossRefPubMed Goss MB, Galvan NTN, Ruan W, Munoz FM, Brewer ED, O’Mahony CA, Melicoff-Portillo E, Dreyer WJ, Miloh TA, Cigarroa FG, Ranch D, Yoeli D, Adams MA, Koohmaraie S, Harter DM, Rana A, Cotton RT, Carter B, Patel S, Moreno NF, Leung DH, Goss JA (2021) The pediatric solid organ transplant experience with COVID-19: an initial multi-center, multi-organ case series. Pediatr Transplant 25:e13868CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Canpolat N, Yildirim ZY, Yildiz N, Tasdemir M, Goknar N, Evrengul H, Gulmez R, Aksu B, Dursun H, Ozcelik G, Yavascan O, Cicek RY, Tulpar S, Hacihamdioglu DO, Nayir A, Alpay H (2022) COVID-19 in pediatric patients undergoing chronic dialysis and kidney transplantation. Eur J Pediatr 181:117–123CrossRefPubMed Canpolat N, Yildirim ZY, Yildiz N, Tasdemir M, Goknar N, Evrengul H, Gulmez R, Aksu B, Dursun H, Ozcelik G, Yavascan O, Cicek RY, Tulpar S, Hacihamdioglu DO, Nayir A, Alpay H (2022) COVID-19 in pediatric patients undergoing chronic dialysis and kidney transplantation. Eur J Pediatr 181:117–123CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Warady BA, Hebert D, Sullivan EK, Alexander SR, Tejani A (1997) Renal transplantation, chronic dialysis, and chronic renal insufficiency in children and adolescents. The 1995 Annual Report of the North American Pediatric Renal Transplant Cooperative Study. Pediatr Nephrol 11:49–64CrossRefPubMed Warady BA, Hebert D, Sullivan EK, Alexander SR, Tejani A (1997) Renal transplantation, chronic dialysis, and chronic renal insufficiency in children and adolescents. The 1995 Annual Report of the North American Pediatric Renal Transplant Cooperative Study. Pediatr Nephrol 11:49–64CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Khanijahani A, Iezadi S, Gholipour K, Azami-Aghdash S, Naghibi D (2021) A systematic review of racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in COVID-19. Int J Equity Health 20:248CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Khanijahani A, Iezadi S, Gholipour K, Azami-Aghdash S, Naghibi D (2021) A systematic review of racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in COVID-19. Int J Equity Health 20:248CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
15.
go back to reference Acosta AM, Garg S, Pham H, Whitaker M, Anglin O, O’Halloran A, Milucky J, Patel K, Taylor C, Wortham J, Chai SJ, Kirley PD, Alden NB, Kawasaki B, Meek J, Yousey-Hindes K, Anderson EJ, Openo KP, Weigel A, Monroe ML, Ryan P, Reeg L, Kohrman A, Lynfield R, Bye E, Torres S, Salazar-Sanchez Y, Muse A, Barney G, Bennett NM, Bushey S, Billing L, Shiltz E, Sutton M, Abdullah N, Talbot HK, Schaffner W, Ortega J, Price A, Fry AM, Hall A, Kim L, Havers FP (2021) Racial and ethnic disparities in rates of COVID-19-associated hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and in-hospital death in the United States from March 2020 to February 2021. JAMA Netw Open 4:e2130479CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Acosta AM, Garg S, Pham H, Whitaker M, Anglin O, O’Halloran A, Milucky J, Patel K, Taylor C, Wortham J, Chai SJ, Kirley PD, Alden NB, Kawasaki B, Meek J, Yousey-Hindes K, Anderson EJ, Openo KP, Weigel A, Monroe ML, Ryan P, Reeg L, Kohrman A, Lynfield R, Bye E, Torres S, Salazar-Sanchez Y, Muse A, Barney G, Bennett NM, Bushey S, Billing L, Shiltz E, Sutton M, Abdullah N, Talbot HK, Schaffner W, Ortega J, Price A, Fry AM, Hall A, Kim L, Havers FP (2021) Racial and ethnic disparities in rates of COVID-19-associated hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and in-hospital death in the United States from March 2020 to February 2021. JAMA Netw Open 4:e2130479CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
16.
17.
go back to reference Chung EYM, Palmer SC, Natale P, Krishnan A, Cooper TE, Saglimbene VM, Ruospo M, Au E, Jayanti S, Liang A, Jie Deng DJ, Chui J, Higgins GY, Tong A, Wong G, Teixeira-Pinto A, Hodson EM, Craig JC, Strippoli GFM (2021) Incidence and outcomes of COVID-19 in people with CKD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis 78:804–815CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Chung EYM, Palmer SC, Natale P, Krishnan A, Cooper TE, Saglimbene VM, Ruospo M, Au E, Jayanti S, Liang A, Jie Deng DJ, Chui J, Higgins GY, Tong A, Wong G, Teixeira-Pinto A, Hodson EM, Craig JC, Strippoli GFM (2021) Incidence and outcomes of COVID-19 in people with CKD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis 78:804–815CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
18.
go back to reference CDC (2023) COVID data tracker. US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta CDC (2023) COVID data tracker. US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta
19.
go back to reference Kim L, Whitaker M, O’Halloran A, Kambhampati A, Chai SJ, Reingold A, Armistead I, Kawasaki B, Meek J, Yousey-Hindes K, Anderson EJ, Openo KP, Weigel A, Ryan P, Monroe ML, Fox K, Kim S, Lynfield R, Bye E, Shrum Davis S, Smelser C, Barney G, Spina NL, Bennett NM, Felsen CB, Billing LM, Shiltz J, Sutton M, West N, Talbot HK, Schaffner W, Risk I, Price A, Brammer L, Fry AM, Hall AJ, Langley GE, Garg S; COVID-NET Surveillance Team (2020) Hospitalization rates and characteristics of children aged <18 years hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19-COVID-NET, 14 states, March 1–July 25, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 69:1081–1088 Kim L, Whitaker M, O’Halloran A, Kambhampati A, Chai SJ, Reingold A, Armistead I, Kawasaki B, Meek J, Yousey-Hindes K, Anderson EJ, Openo KP, Weigel A, Ryan P, Monroe ML, Fox K, Kim S, Lynfield R, Bye E, Shrum Davis S, Smelser C, Barney G, Spina NL, Bennett NM, Felsen CB, Billing LM, Shiltz J, Sutton M, West N, Talbot HK, Schaffner W, Risk I, Price A, Brammer L, Fry AM, Hall AJ, Langley GE, Garg S; COVID-NET Surveillance Team (2020) Hospitalization rates and characteristics of children aged <18 years hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19-COVID-NET, 14 states, March 1–July 25, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 69:1081–1088
20.
21.
go back to reference Varnell C Jr, Harshman LA, Liu C, Smith L, Al-Akash S, Barletta GM, Brakeman P, Chaudhuri A, Fadakar P, Galea L, Garro R, Gluck C, Kershaw DB, Matossian D, Patel HP, Peterson C, Pruette C, Ranabothu S, Rodig N, Singer P, Sebestyen VanSickle J, Weng PL, Danziger-Isakov L, Seifert ME, Hooper DK (2023) COVID-19 in pediatric kidney transplantation: a follow-up report of the Improving Renal Outcomes Collaborative. Pediatr Nephrol 38:537–547CrossRefPubMed Varnell C Jr, Harshman LA, Liu C, Smith L, Al-Akash S, Barletta GM, Brakeman P, Chaudhuri A, Fadakar P, Galea L, Garro R, Gluck C, Kershaw DB, Matossian D, Patel HP, Peterson C, Pruette C, Ranabothu S, Rodig N, Singer P, Sebestyen VanSickle J, Weng PL, Danziger-Isakov L, Seifert ME, Hooper DK (2023) COVID-19 in pediatric kidney transplantation: a follow-up report of the Improving Renal Outcomes Collaborative. Pediatr Nephrol 38:537–547CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Fadel FI, Sabry S, Mawla MAA, Galal REE, Salah DM, Helmy R, Ramadan Y, Elzayat W, Abdelfattah M, Abd Alazem EA (2022) Covid-19 in Egyptian hemodialysis and kidney transplant children: retrospective analysis of single center experience. Ital J Pediatr 48:149CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Fadel FI, Sabry S, Mawla MAA, Galal REE, Salah DM, Helmy R, Ramadan Y, Elzayat W, Abdelfattah M, Abd Alazem EA (2022) Covid-19 in Egyptian hemodialysis and kidney transplant children: retrospective analysis of single center experience. Ital J Pediatr 48:149CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metadata
Title
COVID-19 disease among children and young adults enrolled in the North American Pediatric Renal Trials and Collaborative Studies registry
Authors
Sarah Twichell
Isa Ashoor
Sara Boynton
Vikas Dharnidharka
Sarah Kizilbash
Daniella Levy Erez
Jodi Smith
on behalf of the NAPRTCS Investigators
Publication date
11-12-2023
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Pediatric Nephrology / Issue 5/2024
Print ISSN: 0931-041X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-198X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-023-06241-0

Other articles of this Issue 5/2024

Pediatric Nephrology 5/2024 Go to the issue