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BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2022

01-12-2022 | COVID-19 Vaccination | Research

Understanding determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy; an emphasis on the role of religious affiliation and individual’s reliance on traditional remedy

Authors: Hanna Defar Hassen, Mengistu Welde, Mesay Moges Menebo

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2022

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Abstract

Background

The damage COVID-19 has caused interms of mortalities, economic breakdown and social disruption is immense. The COVID-19 vaccine has been one of the efficient prevention strategies so far in preventing the pandemic. However, the publics’ hesitancy towards vaccines has enormously affected this task. With emerging research findings indicating that a substantial proportion of adults are hesitant about a vaccine for COVID-19, important work that identifies and describes vaccine hesitant individuals is required to begin to understand and address this problem.

Objective

This study assessed public attitude towards COVID-19 Vaccine and identified important factors that lead to its hesitancy.

Methods

A web and paper-based cross-sectional survey study was conducted from July 31 to August 12, 2021. The study participants are staffs and students at Jimma University. A total of 358 participants were selected using stratified simple random sampling and requested to fill a survey questionnaire. Binomial logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.

Results

Half of the participants were found to be hesitant to COVID-19 vaccine. The odds of becoming vaccine hesitant among middle income was two times more than those with lower income (AOR 2.17, 95% CI 1.05–4.5). Furthermore, respondent’s extent of exposure was associated with vaccine hesitancy with the odds of becoming vaccine hesitant among those whose source of COVID-19 information is from four media sources (Social Media, Mass Media, Health care worker and Friends/family/Neighbor) being 74% lower (AOR .26, 95% CI .09–.69) than those with one media source. Concern towards vaccine side effect, vaccine effectiveness and having the belief to treat COVID-19 with traditional remedies were found to increase the odds of becoming vaccine hesitant by 31%, 42% and 37% respectively. Moreover, the association between side-effect concern and vaccine hesitancy was moderated by participant’s religious affiliation.
Appendix
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Footnotes
1
Inclusion and Exclusion decision was made based on participants responses for questions on the first section of the Survey (Age, Vaccination Status and Consent). Participants aged > 18 and those who mentioned they are not vaccinated were allowed to proceed with the main survey.
 
2
We first tried to reach staffs and students at the 4 faculties through a non-targeted institutional based mail. Since the turnout of the online collection wasn’t effective, we switched to paper-based collection with a data collector.
 
3
ETB = Ethiopian Birr. 1,000 ETB is equivalent to 19.46 USD as of 01.05.2022.
 
4
The research project number (registered under the initials of the corresponding author) that also states the ethical clearance is PHMS/21/01817/06.
 
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Metadata
Title
Understanding determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy; an emphasis on the role of religious affiliation and individual’s reliance on traditional remedy
Authors
Hanna Defar Hassen
Mengistu Welde
Mesay Moges Menebo
Publication date
01-12-2022
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13485-2

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