Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Ophthalmology
Published in: BMC Ophthalmology 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Research article

Correlation of subfoveal choroidal thickness with axial length, refractive error, and age in adult highly myopic eyes

Authors: Bingqian Liu, Yan Wang, Tao Li, Ying Lin, Wei Ma, Xiaohong Chen, Cancan Lyu, Yonghao Li, Lin Lu

Published in: BMC Ophthalmology | Issue 1/2018

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in highly myopic eyes was found to be correlated with increasing age, refractive error (spherical equivalent), and axial length. Which factor is the most significant predictor of SFCT remains controversial.

Methods

A hospital-based cohort of highly myopic eyes (with spherical equivalent equal to or over 6.00 diopter) were retrospectively screened. Data from only right eye in those bilateral high myopia, and unilateral high myopia in any eye, were used for analysis. Correlations among the four biometric factors were analyzed. Linear correlation was performed to analyze the predictors of SFCT.

Results

A cohort of 312 eyes from 312 adults (98 men) was enrolled. Statistical analysis showed that axial length (R = − 0.592), spherical equivalent (R = − 0.471), and age (R = − 0.296) were significantly correlated with SFCT (P < 0.001). No significant correlation was found between age and axial length, or age and spherical equivalent. Partial correlation with controlled age confirmed that axial length (R = − 0.628) was a more significant predictor of SFCT than spherical equivalent (R = − 0.507).

Conclusions

SFCT was inversely correlated with increasing age, spherical equivalent and axial length, with axial length as the most significant predictor of SFCT, in adult highly myopic eyes.
Literature
1.
2.
Lyu Y, Zhang H, Gong Y, Wang D, Chen T, Guo X, Yang S, Liu D, Kang M. Prevalence of and factors associated with myopia in primary school students in the Chaoyang District of Beijing, China. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2015;59(6):421–9.CrossRefPubMed
3.
Wu LJ, You QS, Duan JL, Luo YX, Liu LJ, Li X, Gao Q, Zhu HP, He Y, Xu L, et al. Prevalence and associated factors of myopia in high-school students in Beijing. PLoS One. 2015;10(3):e0120764.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
4.
Williams KM, Bertelsen G, Cumberland P, Wolfram C, Verhoeven VJ, Anastasopoulos E, Buitendijk GH, Cougnard-Gregoire A, Creuzot-Garcher C, Erke MG, et al. Increasing prevalence of myopia in Europe and the impact of education. Ophthalmology. 2015;122(7):1489–97.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
5.
Saxena R, Vashist P, Tandon R, Pandey RM, Bhardawaj A, Menon V, Mani K. Prevalence of myopia and its risk factors in urban school children in Delhi: the North India myopia study (NIM study). PLoS One. 2015;10(2):e0117349.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
6.
Jones D, Luensmann D. The prevalence and impact of high myopia. Eye Contact Lens. 2012;38(3):188–96.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Henaine-Berra A, Zand-Hadas IM, Fromow-Guerra J, Garcia-Aguirre G. Prevalence of macular anatomic abnormalities in high myopia. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2013;44(2):140–4.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Chang L, Pan CW, Ohno-Matsui K, Lin X, Cheung GC, Gazzard G, Koh V, Hamzah H, Tai ES, Lim SC, et al. Myopia-related fundus changes in Singapore adults with high myopia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2013;155(6):991–9. e991CrossRefPubMed
9.
Cheng SC, Lam CS, Yap MK. Prevalence of myopia-related retinal changes among 12-18 year old Hong Kong Chinese high myopes. Ophthalmic Physiolog Opt. 2013;33(6):652–60.CrossRef
10.
Morgan IG. What public policies should be developed to deal with the epidemic of myopia? Optom Vis Sci. 2016;93(9):1058–60.CrossRefPubMed
11.
12.
Lichtwitz O, Boissonnot M, Mercie M, Ingrand P, Leveziel N. Prevalence of macular complications associated with high myopia by multimodal imaging. J Fr Ophtalmol. 2016;39(4):355–63.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Rey A, Jurgens I, Maseras X, Carbajal M. Natural course and surgical management of high myopic foveoschisis. Ophthalmologica. 2014;231(1):45–50.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Ripandelli G, Parisi V, Friberg TR, Coppe AM, Scassa C, Stirpe M. Retinal detachment associated with macular hole in high myopia: using the vitreous anatomy to optimize the surgical approach. Ophthalmology. 2004;111(4):726–31.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Shimada N, Ohno-Matsui K, Nishimuta A, Tokoro T, Mochizuki M. Peripapillary changes detected by optical coherence tomography in eyes with high myopia. Ophthalmology. 2007;114(11):2070–6.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Wong TY, Ferreira A, Hughes R, Carter G, Mitchell P. Epidemiology and disease burden of pathologic myopia and myopic choroidal neovascularization: an evidence-based systematic review. Am J Ophthalmol. 2014;157(1):9–25. e12CrossRefPubMed
17.
Wong CW, Phua V, Lee SY, Wong TY, Cheung CM. Is choroidal or scleral thickness related to myopic macular degeneration? Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017;58(2):907–13.CrossRefPubMed
18.
Fujiwara A, Shiragami C, Shirakata Y, Manabe S, Izumibata S, Shiraga F. Enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of subfoveal choroidal thickness in normal Japanese eyes. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2012;56(3):230–5.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Shao L, Xu L, Chen CX, Yang LH, Du KF, Wang S, Zhou JQ, Wang YX, You QS, Jonas JB, et al. Reproducibility of subfoveal choroidal thickness measurements with enhanced depth imaging by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54(1):230–3.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Spaide RF, Koizumi H, Pozzoni MC. Enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;146(4):496–500.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Nishida Y, Fujiwara T, Imamura Y, Lima LH, Kurosaka D, Spaide RF. Choroidal thickness and visual acuity in highly myopic eyes. Retina. 2012;32(7):1229–36.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Flores-Moreno I, Ruiz-Medrano J, Duker JS, Ruiz-Moreno JM. The relationship between retinal and choroidal thickness and visual acuity in highly myopic eyes. Br J Ophthalmol. 2013;97(8):1010–3.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Zaben A, Zapata MA, Garcia-Arumi J. Retinal sensitivity and choroidal thickness in high myopia. Retina. 2015;35(3):398–406.CrossRefPubMed
24.
Fujiwara T, Imamura Y, Margolis R, Slakter JS, Spaide RF. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in highly myopic eyes. Am J Ophthalmol. 2009;148(3):445–50.CrossRefPubMed
25.
El-Shazly AA, Farweez YA, ElSebaay ME, El-Zawahry WMA. Correlation between choroidal thickness and degree of myopia assessed with enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2017;27(5):577–84.
26.
Moussa M, Sabry D, Soliman W. Macular choroidal thickness in normal Egyptians measured by swept source optical coherence tomography. BMC Ophthalmol. 2016;5(16):138.
27.
Ikuno Y, Kawaguchi K, Nouchi T, Yasuno Y. Choroidal thickness in healthy Japanese subjects. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010;51(4):2173–6.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Ding X, Li J, Zeng J, Ma W, Liu R, Li T, Yu S, Tang S. Choroidal thickness in healthy Chinese subjects. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(13):9555–60.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Kim M, Kim SS, Koh HJ, Lee SC. Choroidal thickness, age, and refractive error in healthy Korean subjects. Optom Vis Sci. 2014;91(5):491–6.CrossRefPubMed
30.
Ruiz-Medrano J, Flores-Moreno I, Pena-Garcia P, Montero JA, Duker JS, Ruiz-Moreno JM. Macular choroidal thickness profile in a healthy population measured by swept-source optical coherence tomography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014;55(6):3532–42.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Gupta P, Saw SM, Cheung CY, Girard MJ, Mari JM, Bhargava M, Tan C, Tan M, Yang A, Tey F, et al. Choroidal thickness and high myopia: a case-control study of young Chinese men in Singapore. Acta Ophthalmol. 2015;93(7):e585–92.CrossRefPubMed
32.
Wei WB, Xu L, Jonas JB, Shao L, Du KF, Wang S, Chen CX, Xu J, Wang YX, Zhou JQ, et al. Subfoveal choroidal thickness: the Beijing eye study. Ophthalmology. 2013;120(1):175–80.CrossRefPubMed
33.
Gupta P, Cheung CY, Saw SM, Koh V, Tan M, Yang A, Zhao P, Cheung CM, Wong TY, Cheng CY. Choroidal thickness does not predict visual acuity in young high myopes. Acta Ophthalmol. 2016;94(8):e709–15.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Gupta P, Thakku SG, Saw SM, Tan M, Lim E, Tan M, Cheung CMG, Wong TY, Cheng CY. Characterization of choroidal morphologic and vascular features in young men with high myopia using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Am J Ophthalmol. 2017;177:27–33.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Metadata
Title
Correlation of subfoveal choroidal thickness with axial length, refractive error, and age in adult highly myopic eyes
Authors
Bingqian Liu
Yan Wang
Tao Li
Ying Lin
Wei Ma
Xiaohong Chen
Cancan Lyu
Yonghao Li
Lin Lu
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Ophthalmology / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2415
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-018-0791-5

Other articles of this Issue 1/2018

BMC Ophthalmology 1/2018 Go to the issue

Research article

Association between sunlight exposure and risk of age-related macular degeneration: a meta-analysis

Research article

Optimal size of pterygium excision for limbal conjunctival autograft using fibrin glue in primary pterygia

Research article

Association between genetic variation of complement C3 and the susceptibility to advanced age-related macular degeneration: a meta-analysis

Research article

Refractive outcomes and optical quality after implantation of posterior chamber phakic implantable collamer lens with a central hole (ICL V4c)

Research article

Assessment of diabetic retinopathy using two ultra-wide-field fundus imaging systems, the Clarus® and Optos™ systems

Research article

Association between glaucoma severity and driving cessation in subjects with primary open-angle glaucoma