Skip to main content
Top
Published in: European Spine Journal 4/2004

01-07-2004 | Review

Condition-specific outcome measures for low back pain

Part I: Validation

Authors: U. Müller, M. S. Duetz, C. Roeder, C. G. Greenough

Published in: European Spine Journal | Issue 4/2004

Login to get access

Abstract

A literature review of the nine most widely used, condition-specific, self-administered assessment questionnaires for low back pain has been undertaken. General and historic aspects, reliability, responsiveness and minimum clinically important difference, external validity, floor and ceiling effects and available languages were analysed for the nine most-used outcome tools. When considering which condition-specific measure to employ, the present overview on assessment tools should provide the necessary information to define the technical aspects of the nine questionnaires. These criteria, however, are only part of the consideration. In part II the construction of these scales in relationship to the measurement domains will be evaluated.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Baker D, Pynsent P, Fairbank J (1989) The Oswestry Index revisited. In: Roland M, Jenner J (eds) Back pain: new approaches to rehabilitation and education. Manchester University Press, Manchester, UK, pp 174–86 Baker D, Pynsent P, Fairbank J (1989) The Oswestry Index revisited. In: Roland M, Jenner J (eds) Back pain: new approaches to rehabilitation and education. Manchester University Press, Manchester, UK, pp 174–86
2.
go back to reference Basler H, Jakle C, Kroner-Herwig B (1997) Incorporation of cognitive behavorial treatment into the medical care of chronic low back patients: a controlled randomized study in German pain treatment centers. Patient Educ Counsel 31:113–124CrossRef Basler H, Jakle C, Kroner-Herwig B (1997) Incorporation of cognitive behavorial treatment into the medical care of chronic low back patients: a controlled randomized study in German pain treatment centers. Patient Educ Counsel 31:113–124CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Beaton D (2000) Understanding the relevance of measured change through studies of responsiveness. Spine 25:3192–3199PubMed Beaton D (2000) Understanding the relevance of measured change through studies of responsiveness. Spine 25:3192–3199PubMed
4.
go back to reference Beurskens AJ, de Vet HC, Koke AJ (1996) Responsiveness of functional status in low back pain: a comparison of different instruments. Pain 65:71–76PubMed Beurskens AJ, de Vet HC, Koke AJ (1996) Responsiveness of functional status in low back pain: a comparison of different instruments. Pain 65:71–76PubMed
5.
go back to reference Bigos SJ, Battie MC, Spengler DM, Fisher LD, Fordyce WE, Hansson TH, Nachemson AL, Wortley MD (1991) A prospective study of work perceptions and psychosocial factors affecting the report of back injury. Spine 16:1–6 Bigos SJ, Battie MC, Spengler DM, Fisher LD, Fordyce WE, Hansson TH, Nachemson AL, Wortley MD (1991) A prospective study of work perceptions and psychosocial factors affecting the report of back injury. Spine 16:1–6
6.
go back to reference Bland J, Altman D (1986) Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet 8:307–310 Bland J, Altman D (1986) Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet 8:307–310
7.
go back to reference Bombardier C (2000) Outcome assessment in the evaluation of treatment of spinal disorders. Summary and general recommendations. Spine 25:3100–3103CrossRefPubMed Bombardier C (2000) Outcome assessment in the evaluation of treatment of spinal disorders. Summary and general recommendations. Spine 25:3100–3103CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Boscainos P, Sapkas G, Stilianesi E (1999) Clinical relevance of specific parameters isolated within the Oswestry and Roland Morris functional disability index. J Bone Joint Surg Br 81 [Suppl]:239 Boscainos P, Sapkas G, Stilianesi E (1999) Clinical relevance of specific parameters isolated within the Oswestry and Roland Morris functional disability index. J Bone Joint Surg Br 81 [Suppl]:239
10.
go back to reference Boscainos PJ, Sapkas G, Stilianessi E, Prouskas K, Papadakis SA (2003) Greek versions of the Oswestry and Roland–Morris disability questionnaires. Clin Orthop 40–53 Boscainos PJ, Sapkas G, Stilianessi E, Prouskas K, Papadakis SA (2003) Greek versions of the Oswestry and Roland–Morris disability questionnaires. Clin Orthop 40–53
11.
go back to reference Christensen TH, Bliddal H, Hansen SE, Jensen EM, Jensen H, Jensen R, Bay H (1993) Severe low-back pain. I: Clinical assessment of two weeks conservative therapy. Scand J Rheumatol 22:25–29PubMed Christensen TH, Bliddal H, Hansen SE, Jensen EM, Jensen H, Jensen R, Bay H (1993) Severe low-back pain. I: Clinical assessment of two weeks conservative therapy. Scand J Rheumatol 22:25–29PubMed
12.
go back to reference Cohen J (1977) Statistical power: analysis for the behavioural sciences. Academic, New York, pp 1–27 Cohen J (1977) Statistical power: analysis for the behavioural sciences. Academic, New York, pp 1–27
13.
go back to reference Coste J, Le Parc JM, Berge E, Delecoeuillerie G, Paolaggi JB (1993) [French validation of a disability rating scale for the evaluation of low back pain (EIFEL questionnaire)]. 60:335–341 Coste J, Le Parc JM, Berge E, Delecoeuillerie G, Paolaggi JB (1993) [French validation of a disability rating scale for the evaluation of low back pain (EIFEL questionnaire)]. 60:335–341
14.
go back to reference Cronbach L (1951) Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika 16:297–334 Cronbach L (1951) Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika 16:297–334
15.
go back to reference Daltroy LH, Cats Baril WL, Katz JN, Fossel AH, Liang MH (1996) The North American spine society lumbar spine outcome assessment instrument: reliability and validity tests. Spine 21:741–749PubMed Daltroy LH, Cats Baril WL, Katz JN, Fossel AH, Liang MH (1996) The North American spine society lumbar spine outcome assessment instrument: reliability and validity tests. Spine 21:741–749PubMed
16.
go back to reference Davidson M, Keating JL (2002) A comparison of five low back disability questionnaires: reliability and responsiveness. Phys Ther 82:8–24PubMed Davidson M, Keating JL (2002) A comparison of five low back disability questionnaires: reliability and responsiveness. Phys Ther 82:8–24PubMed
17.
go back to reference Deyo R, Centor R (1986) Assessing the responsiveness of functional scales to clinical change: an analogy to diagnostic test performance. J Chronic Dis 39:897–906PubMed Deyo R, Centor R (1986) Assessing the responsiveness of functional scales to clinical change: an analogy to diagnostic test performance. J Chronic Dis 39:897–906PubMed
18.
go back to reference Deyo RA, Battie M, Beurskens AJ, Bombardier C, Croft P, Koes B, Malmivaara A, Roland M, Von Korff M, Waddell G (1998) Outcome measures for low back pain research. A proposal for standardized use. Spine 23:2003–2013CrossRefPubMed Deyo RA, Battie M, Beurskens AJ, Bombardier C, Croft P, Koes B, Malmivaara A, Roland M, Von Korff M, Waddell G (1998) Outcome measures for low back pain research. A proposal for standardized use. Spine 23:2003–2013CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Dionne CE, Koepsell TD, Von Korff M, Deyo RA, Barlow WE, Checkoway H (1997) Predicting long-term functional limitations among back pain patients in primary care settings. J Clin Epidemiol 50:31–43 Dionne CE, Koepsell TD, Von Korff M, Deyo RA, Barlow WE, Checkoway H (1997) Predicting long-term functional limitations among back pain patients in primary care settings. J Clin Epidemiol 50:31–43
20.
go back to reference Dionne CE, Von Korff M, Koepsell TD, Deyo RA, Barlow WE, Checkoway H (1999) A comparison of pain, functional limitations, and work status indices as outcome measures in back pain research. Spine 24:2339–2345CrossRefPubMed Dionne CE, Von Korff M, Koepsell TD, Deyo RA, Barlow WE, Checkoway H (1999) A comparison of pain, functional limitations, and work status indices as outcome measures in back pain research. Spine 24:2339–2345CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Dropsy R, Marty M (1994) Quality-of-life indexes for assessment of low-back-pain. Rev Rhum 61:S44–48 Dropsy R, Marty M (1994) Quality-of-life indexes for assessment of low-back-pain. Rev Rhum 61:S44–48
22.
go back to reference Euroquol Group (1990) Euroquol—a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Pol 16:199–208PubMed Euroquol Group (1990) Euroquol—a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Pol 16:199–208PubMed
23.
go back to reference Fairbank J (1995) Use of Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Spine 20:1535–1537PubMed Fairbank J (1995) Use of Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Spine 20:1535–1537PubMed
24.
go back to reference Fairbank JC, Couper J, Davies JB, O Brien JP (1980) The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire. Physiotherapy 66:271–3PubMed Fairbank JC, Couper J, Davies JB, O Brien JP (1980) The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire. Physiotherapy 66:271–3PubMed
25.
go back to reference Fisher K, Johnson M (1997) Validation of the Oswestry low back pain questionnaire, its sensitivity as a measure of change following treatment and its relationship with other aspects of the chronic pain experience. Physiother Theory Pract 22:61–80 Fisher K, Johnson M (1997) Validation of the Oswestry low back pain questionnaire, its sensitivity as a measure of change following treatment and its relationship with other aspects of the chronic pain experience. Physiother Theory Pract 22:61–80
26.
go back to reference Fritz JM, Irrgang JJ (2001) A comparison of a modified Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire and the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale. Phys Ther 81:776–788PubMed Fritz JM, Irrgang JJ (2001) A comparison of a modified Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire and the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale. Phys Ther 81:776–788PubMed
27.
go back to reference Greenough CG, Fraser RD (1992) Assessment of outcome in patients with low-back pain. Spine 17:36–41PubMed Greenough CG, Fraser RD (1992) Assessment of outcome in patients with low-back pain. Spine 17:36–41PubMed
28.
29.
go back to reference Gronblad M, Hupli M, Wennerstrand P, Jarvinen E, Lukinmaa A, Kouri JP, Karaharju EO (1993) Intercorrelation and test-retest reliability of the Pain Disability Index (PDI) and the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODQ) and their correlation with pain intensity in low back pain patients. Clin J Pain 9:189–195PubMed Gronblad M, Hupli M, Wennerstrand P, Jarvinen E, Lukinmaa A, Kouri JP, Karaharju EO (1993) Intercorrelation and test-retest reliability of the Pain Disability Index (PDI) and the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODQ) and their correlation with pain intensity in low back pain patients. Clin J Pain 9:189–195PubMed
30.
go back to reference Gronblad M, Jarvinen E, Hurri H, Hupli M, Karaharju EO (1994) Relationship of the Pain Disability Index (PDI) and the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODQ) with three dynamic physical tests in a group of patients with chronic low-back and leg pain. Clin J Pain 10:197–203PubMed Gronblad M, Jarvinen E, Hurri H, Hupli M, Karaharju EO (1994) Relationship of the Pain Disability Index (PDI) and the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODQ) with three dynamic physical tests in a group of patients with chronic low-back and leg pain. Clin J Pain 10:197–203PubMed
31.
go back to reference Guillemin F, Constant F, Collin JF, Boulange M (1994) Short and long-term effect of spa therapy in chronic low back pain. Br J Rheumatol 33:148–151PubMed Guillemin F, Constant F, Collin JF, Boulange M (1994) Short and long-term effect of spa therapy in chronic low back pain. Br J Rheumatol 33:148–151PubMed
32.
go back to reference Holt AE, Shaw NJ, Shetty A, Greenough CG (2002) The reliability of the Low Back Outcome Score for back pain. Spine 27:206–210CrossRefPubMed Holt AE, Shaw NJ, Shetty A, Greenough CG (2002) The reliability of the Low Back Outcome Score for back pain. Spine 27:206–210CrossRefPubMed
33.
go back to reference Hsieh CY, Phillips RB, Adams AH, Pope MH (1992) Functional outcomes of low back pain: comparison of four treatment groups in a randomized controlled trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 15:4–9PubMed Hsieh CY, Phillips RB, Adams AH, Pope MH (1992) Functional outcomes of low back pain: comparison of four treatment groups in a randomized controlled trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 15:4–9PubMed
34.
35.
go back to reference Johansson E, Lindberg P (1998) Subacute and chronic low back pain. Reliability and validity of a Swedish version of the Roland and Morris Disability Questionnaire. Scand J Rehabil Med 30:139–143CrossRefPubMed Johansson E, Lindberg P (1998) Subacute and chronic low back pain. Reliability and validity of a Swedish version of the Roland and Morris Disability Questionnaire. Scand J Rehabil Med 30:139–143CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Kahtri H, Greenough CG (2002) Minimum clinically important difference in the low back outcome score. Society of Back Pain Research, Leeds, UK Kahtri H, Greenough CG (2002) Minimum clinically important difference in the low back outcome score. Society of Back Pain Research, Leeds, UK
37.
go back to reference Kopec JA, Esdaile JM (1995) Functional disability scales for back pain. Spine 20:1943–1949PubMed Kopec JA, Esdaile JM (1995) Functional disability scales for back pain. Spine 20:1943–1949PubMed
38.
go back to reference Kopec JA, Esdaile JM, Abrahamowicz M, Abenhaim L, Wood Dauphinee S, Lamping DL, Williams JI (1995) The Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale. Measurement properties. Spine 20:341–352PubMed Kopec JA, Esdaile JM, Abrahamowicz M, Abenhaim L, Wood Dauphinee S, Lamping DL, Williams JI (1995) The Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale. Measurement properties. Spine 20:341–352PubMed
39.
go back to reference Kosinski M, Zao S, Dedhiya S, Osterhaus J, Ware JJ (2000) Determine minimally important change in generic and disease-specific health-related quality of life questionnaires in clinical trials of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 43(7):1478–1487CrossRefPubMed Kosinski M, Zao S, Dedhiya S, Osterhaus J, Ware JJ (2000) Determine minimally important change in generic and disease-specific health-related quality of life questionnaires in clinical trials of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 43(7):1478–1487CrossRefPubMed
40.
go back to reference Kovacs FM, Llobera J, Gil Del Real MT, Abraira V, Gestoso M, Fernandez C, Primaria Group KA (2002) Validation of the Spanish version of the Roland-Morris questionnaire. Spine 27:538–542CrossRefPubMed Kovacs FM, Llobera J, Gil Del Real MT, Abraira V, Gestoso M, Fernandez C, Primaria Group KA (2002) Validation of the Spanish version of the Roland-Morris questionnaire. Spine 27:538–542CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Kucukdeveci AA, Tennant A, Elhan AH, Niyazoglu H (2001) Validation of the Turkish version of the Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire for use in low back pain. Spine 26:2738–2743CrossRefPubMed Kucukdeveci AA, Tennant A, Elhan AH, Niyazoglu H (2001) Validation of the Turkish version of the Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire for use in low back pain. Spine 26:2738–2743CrossRefPubMed
42.
go back to reference Leclaire R, Blier F, Fortin L, Proulx R (1997) A cross-sectional study comparing the Oswestry and Roland–Morris functional disability scales in two populations of patients with low back pain of different levels of severity. Spine 22:68–71CrossRefPubMed Leclaire R, Blier F, Fortin L, Proulx R (1997) A cross-sectional study comparing the Oswestry and Roland–Morris functional disability scales in two populations of patients with low back pain of different levels of severity. Spine 22:68–71CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Leung AS, Lam TH, Hedley AJ, Twomey LT (1999) Use of a subjective health measure on Chinese low back pain patients in Hong Kong. Spine 24:961–966CrossRefPubMed Leung AS, Lam TH, Hedley AJ, Twomey LT (1999) Use of a subjective health measure on Chinese low back pain patients in Hong Kong. Spine 24:961–966CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Manniche C, Asmussen K, Lauritsen B, Vinterberg H, Kreiner S, Jordan A (1994) Low back pain rating scale: validation of a tool for assessment of low back pain. Pain 57:317–326CrossRefPubMed Manniche C, Asmussen K, Lauritsen B, Vinterberg H, Kreiner S, Jordan A (1994) Low back pain rating scale: validation of a tool for assessment of low back pain. Pain 57:317–326CrossRefPubMed
45.
go back to reference McDowell I, Newell C (1996) The theoretical and technical foundations of health measurement. Measuring health. A guide to rating scales and questionnaires. Oxford University Press, pp 10–42 McDowell I, Newell C (1996) The theoretical and technical foundations of health measurement. Measuring health. A guide to rating scales and questionnaires. Oxford University Press, pp 10–42
46.
go back to reference Million R, Hall W, Nilsen KH, Baker RD, Jayson MI (1981) Assessment of the progress of the back-pain patient 1981 Volvo Award in Clinical Science. Spine 7:204–212 Million R, Hall W, Nilsen KH, Baker RD, Jayson MI (1981) Assessment of the progress of the back-pain patient 1981 Volvo Award in Clinical Science. Spine 7:204–212
47.
go back to reference Nusbaum L, Natour J, Ferraz MB, Goldenberg J (2001) Translation, adaptation and validation of the Roland–Morris questionnaire — Brazil Roland–Morris. Braz J Med Biol Res = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas / Sociedade Brasileira de Biofisica ... [et al.] 34:203–210 Nusbaum L, Natour J, Ferraz MB, Goldenberg J (2001) Translation, adaptation and validation of the Roland–Morris questionnaire — Brazil Roland–Morris. Braz J Med Biol Res = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas / Sociedade Brasileira de Biofisica ... [et al.] 34:203–210
48.
go back to reference Padua R, Padua L, Ceccarelli E, Romanini E, Bondi R, Zanoli G, Campi A (2001) Cross-cultural adaptation of the lumbar North American Spine Society questionnaire for Italian-speaking patients with lumbar spinal disease. Spine 26:E344–347CrossRefPubMed Padua R, Padua L, Ceccarelli E, Romanini E, Bondi R, Zanoli G, Campi A (2001) Cross-cultural adaptation of the lumbar North American Spine Society questionnaire for Italian-speaking patients with lumbar spinal disease. Spine 26:E344–347CrossRefPubMed
49.
go back to reference Patrick DL, Deyo RA, Atlas SJ, Singer DE, Chapin A, Keller RB (1995) Assessing health-related quality of life in patients with sciatica. Spine 20:1899–1908; discussion 1909PubMed Patrick DL, Deyo RA, Atlas SJ, Singer DE, Chapin A, Keller RB (1995) Assessing health-related quality of life in patients with sciatica. Spine 20:1899–1908; discussion 1909PubMed
50.
go back to reference Porst R (2000) Question wording—Zur Formulierung von Fragebogen-Fragen. ZUMA, Mannheim 2:1–11 Porst R (2000) Question wording—Zur Formulierung von Fragebogen-Fragen. ZUMA, Mannheim 2:1–11
51.
go back to reference Pose B, Sangha O, Peters A, Wildner M (1999) [Validation of the North American Spine Society Instrument for assessment of health status in patients with chronic backache]. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 137:437–441PubMed Pose B, Sangha O, Peters A, Wildner M (1999) [Validation of the North American Spine Society Instrument for assessment of health status in patients with chronic backache]. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 137:437–441PubMed
52.
go back to reference Roese I, Kohlmann T, Raspe H (1996) [Measuring functional capacity in backache patients in rehabilitation: a comparison of standardized questionnaires]. Rehabilitation 35:103–108PubMed Roese I, Kohlmann T, Raspe H (1996) [Measuring functional capacity in backache patients in rehabilitation: a comparison of standardized questionnaires]. Rehabilitation 35:103–108PubMed
53.
go back to reference Roland M, Fairbank J (2000) The Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire and the Oswestry Disability Index. Spine 25:3115–3124PubMed Roland M, Fairbank J (2000) The Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire and the Oswestry Disability Index. Spine 25:3115–3124PubMed
54.
go back to reference Roland M, Morris R (1983) A study of the natural history of back pain. Part I: development of a reliable and sensitive measure of disability in low-back pain. Spine 8:141–144PubMed Roland M, Morris R (1983) A study of the natural history of back pain. Part I: development of a reliable and sensitive measure of disability in low-back pain. Spine 8:141–144PubMed
55.
go back to reference Roland M, Morris R (1983) A study of the natural history of low-back pain. Part II: development of guidelines for trials of treatment in primary care. Spine 8:145–150PubMed Roland M, Morris R (1983) A study of the natural history of low-back pain. Part II: development of guidelines for trials of treatment in primary care. Spine 8:145–150PubMed
56.
go back to reference Ruta DA, Garratt AM, Wardlaw D, Russell IT (1994) Developing a valid and reliable measure of health outcome for patients with low back pain. Spine 19:1887–1896PubMed Ruta DA, Garratt AM, Wardlaw D, Russell IT (1994) Developing a valid and reliable measure of health outcome for patients with low back pain. Spine 19:1887–1896PubMed
57.
go back to reference Schoppink LE, van Tulder MW, Koes BW, Beurskens SA, de Bie RA (1996) Reliability and validity of the Dutch adaptation of the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale. Phys Ther 76:268–275PubMed Schoppink LE, van Tulder MW, Koes BW, Beurskens SA, de Bie RA (1996) Reliability and validity of the Dutch adaptation of the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale. Phys Ther 76:268–275PubMed
58.
go back to reference Steiner D, Normann G (1995) Health measurement scales. A practical guide to their development and use. Oxford Medical, 2nd edn. Steiner D, Normann G (1995) Health measurement scales. A practical guide to their development and use. Oxford Medical, 2nd edn.
59.
go back to reference Stratford PW, Binkley J, Solomon P, Finch E, Gill C, Moreland J (1996) Defining the minimum level of detectable change for the Roland–Morris questionnaire. Phys Ther 76:359–365; discussion 366–368PubMed Stratford PW, Binkley J, Solomon P, Finch E, Gill C, Moreland J (1996) Defining the minimum level of detectable change for the Roland–Morris questionnaire. Phys Ther 76:359–365; discussion 366–368PubMed
60.
go back to reference Stratford PW, Binkley J, Solomon P, Gill C, Finch E (1994) Assessing change over time in patients with low back pain. Phys Ther 74:528–533PubMed Stratford PW, Binkley J, Solomon P, Gill C, Finch E (1994) Assessing change over time in patients with low back pain. Phys Ther 74:528–533PubMed
61.
go back to reference Stratford PW, Binkley JM (1997) Measurement properties of the RM-18. A modified version of the Roland–Morris Disability Scale. Spine 22:2416–2421CrossRefPubMed Stratford PW, Binkley JM (1997) Measurement properties of the RM-18. A modified version of the Roland–Morris Disability Scale. Spine 22:2416–2421CrossRefPubMed
62.
go back to reference Sudman S, Bradburn N, Schwarz N (1996) Thinking about answers. The application of cognitive processes to survey methodology. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco Sudman S, Bradburn N, Schwarz N (1996) Thinking about answers. The application of cognitive processes to survey methodology. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco
63.
go back to reference Taylor SJ, Taylor AE, Foy MA, Fogg AJ (1999) Responsiveness of common outcome measures for patients with low back pain. Spine 24:1805–1812PubMed Taylor SJ, Taylor AE, Foy MA, Fogg AJ (1999) Responsiveness of common outcome measures for patients with low back pain. Spine 24:1805–1812PubMed
64.
go back to reference Tubergen A van, Landewe R, Heuft-Dorenbosch L, Spoorenberg A, van der Heijde D, van der Tempel H, van der Linden S (2003) Assessment of disability with the World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule II in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 62:140–145CrossRefPubMed Tubergen A van, Landewe R, Heuft-Dorenbosch L, Spoorenberg A, van der Heijde D, van der Tempel H, van der Linden S (2003) Assessment of disability with the World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule II in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 62:140–145CrossRefPubMed
65.
go back to reference Underwood MR, Barnett AG, Vickers MR (1999) Evaluation of two time-specific back pain outcome measures. Spine 24:1104–1112CrossRefPubMed Underwood MR, Barnett AG, Vickers MR (1999) Evaluation of two time-specific back pain outcome measures. Spine 24:1104–1112CrossRefPubMed
66.
go back to reference Waddell G, Main CJ (1984) Assessment of severity in low-back disorders. Spine 9:204–208PubMed Waddell G, Main CJ (1984) Assessment of severity in low-back disorders. Spine 9:204–208PubMed
67.
go back to reference Ware JEJ, Sherbourne CD (1992) The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care 30:473–483PubMed Ware JEJ, Sherbourne CD (1992) The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care 30:473–483PubMed
68.
go back to reference Wiesinger GF, Nuhr M, Quittan M, Ebenbichler G, Wolfl G, Fialka Moser V (1999) Cross-cultural adaptation of the Roland–Morris questionnaire for German-speaking patients with low back pain. Spine 24:1099–1103CrossRefPubMed Wiesinger GF, Nuhr M, Quittan M, Ebenbichler G, Wolfl G, Fialka Moser V (1999) Cross-cultural adaptation of the Roland–Morris questionnaire for German-speaking patients with low back pain. Spine 24:1099–1103CrossRefPubMed
69.
go back to reference Yang Y, Eaton S, Maxwell M (1983) The relationship between the St. Thomas and Oswestry Disability Scores and the severity of low back pain. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 16:14–28 Yang Y, Eaton S, Maxwell M (1983) The relationship between the St. Thomas and Oswestry Disability Scores and the severity of low back pain. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 16:14–28
70.
go back to reference Zoega B, Karrholm J, Lind B (2000) Outcome scores in degenerative cervical disc surgery. Eur Spine J 9:137–143PubMed Zoega B, Karrholm J, Lind B (2000) Outcome scores in degenerative cervical disc surgery. Eur Spine J 9:137–143PubMed
Metadata
Title
Condition-specific outcome measures for low back pain
Part I: Validation
Authors
U. Müller
M. S. Duetz
C. Roeder
C. G. Greenough
Publication date
01-07-2004
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
European Spine Journal / Issue 4/2004
Print ISSN: 0940-6719
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0932
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-003-0665-1

Other articles of this Issue 4/2004

European Spine Journal 4/2004 Go to the issue

Announcements

July 2004