Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 7/2015

01-07-2015 | Original Article

Comparative Analysis of Left- Versus Right-sided Resection in Klatskin Tumor Surgery: can Lesion Side be Considered a Prognostic Factor?

Authors: Francesca Ratti, Federica Cipriani, Guglielmo Piozzi, Marco Catena, Michele Paganelli, Luca Aldrighetti

Published in: Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery | Issue 7/2015

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Achievement of negative margins is the goal of curative intent surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. This study analyzed factors affecting survival in hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients and compared short- and long-term outcomes of left- and right-sided resections.

Methods

One hundred and five patients out of 124 diagnosed with Klatskin tumors underwent major liver resection. Sixty-one patients underwent right-sided resections (right group), whereas 44 underwent left-sided resections (left group). Perioperative morbidity, perioperative mortality, and overall and disease-free survival were compared between the groups.

Results

Morbidity and mortality were higher in the right group (59 and 8.2 %, respectively) than in the left group (38.6 and 2.3 %, respectively) (p < 0.005). The most frequent cause of death was liver failure. The R0 rate was 75.4 % in the right and 61.4 % in the left group. The 5-year survival rate was 42.8 % in the right and 35.3 % in the left group (p < 0.05). Patients in the left group more frequently developed local recurrence (87 vs. 69 % in the right group).

Conclusion

Lesion side impacts outcome: right resections still cause significant morbidity related to extensive parenchymal sacrifice but are associated with better long-term survival because right hepatic pedicle resection enables better radicality compared with left resections.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Ito F, Agni R, Rettammel RJ, Been MJ, Cho CS, Mahvi DM, Rikkers LF, Weber SM. Resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: concomitant liver resection decreases hepatic recurrence. Ann Surg 2008; 248:273–9.PubMedCrossRef Ito F, Agni R, Rettammel RJ, Been MJ, Cho CS, Mahvi DM, Rikkers LF, Weber SM. Resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: concomitant liver resection decreases hepatic recurrence. Ann Surg 2008; 248:273–9.PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Ito F, Cho CS, Rikkers LF, Weber SM. Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: current management. Ann Surg 2009; 250(2):210–8.PubMedCrossRef Ito F, Cho CS, Rikkers LF, Weber SM. Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: current management. Ann Surg 2009; 250(2):210–8.PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Nagino M, Ebata T, Yokoyama Y, Igami T, Sugawara G, Takahashi Y, Nimura Y. Evolution of surgical treatment for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: a single-center 34-year review of 574 consecutive resections. Ann Surg 2013; 258 (1):129–40.PubMedCrossRef Nagino M, Ebata T, Yokoyama Y, Igami T, Sugawara G, Takahashi Y, Nimura Y. Evolution of surgical treatment for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: a single-center 34-year review of 574 consecutive resections. Ann Surg 2013; 258 (1):129–40.PubMedCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Jarnagin WR, Fong Y, DeMatteo RP, Gonen M, Burke EC, Bodniewicz BSJ, Klimsta D, Blumgart LH. Staging, resectability, and outcome in 225 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg 2001; 234(4):507–17.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Jarnagin WR, Fong Y, DeMatteo RP, Gonen M, Burke EC, Bodniewicz BSJ, Klimsta D, Blumgart LH. Staging, resectability, and outcome in 225 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg 2001; 234(4):507–17.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Van Gulik TM, Kloek JJ, Ruys AT, Busch OR, van Tienhoven GJ, Lameris JS, Rauws EA, Gouma DJ. Multidisciplinary management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma (Klatskin tumor): extended resection is associated with improved survival. Eur J Surg Oncol 2001; 37(1):65–71.CrossRef Van Gulik TM, Kloek JJ, Ruys AT, Busch OR, van Tienhoven GJ, Lameris JS, Rauws EA, Gouma DJ. Multidisciplinary management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma (Klatskin tumor): extended resection is associated with improved survival. Eur J Surg Oncol 2001; 37(1):65–71.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Hirano S, Kondo S, Tanaka E, Shichinohe T, Tsuchikawa T, Kato K, Matsumoto J, Kawasaki R. Outcome of surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a special reference to postoperative morbidity and mortality. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2010; 17(4):455–62.PubMedCrossRef Hirano S, Kondo S, Tanaka E, Shichinohe T, Tsuchikawa T, Kato K, Matsumoto J, Kawasaki R. Outcome of surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a special reference to postoperative morbidity and mortality. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2010; 17(4):455–62.PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Gomez D, Patel PB, Lacasia-Purroy C,, Byrne C, Sturgess RP, Palmer D, Fenwick S, Poston GJ, Malik HZ. Impact of specialized multi-disciplinary approach and an integrated pathways on outcomes in hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014; 40(1):77–84.PubMedCrossRef Gomez D, Patel PB, Lacasia-Purroy C,, Byrne C, Sturgess RP, Palmer D, Fenwick S, Poston GJ, Malik HZ. Impact of specialized multi-disciplinary approach and an integrated pathways on outcomes in hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014; 40(1):77–84.PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Grandadam S, Compagnon P, Arnaud A Olivié D, Malledant Y, Meunier B, Launois B, Boudjema K. Role of preoperative optimization of the liver for resection in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma type III. Ann Surg Oncol 2010; 17(12):3155–61.PubMedCrossRef Grandadam S, Compagnon P, Arnaud A Olivié D, Malledant Y, Meunier B, Launois B, Boudjema K. Role of preoperative optimization of the liver for resection in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma type III. Ann Surg Oncol 2010; 17(12):3155–61.PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Ratti F, Cipriani F, Ferla F, Catena M, Paganelli M, Aldrighetti LA. Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: preoperative liver optimization with multidisciplinary approach. Toward a better outcome. World J Surg 2013; 37(6): 1388–96.PubMedCrossRef Ratti F, Cipriani F, Ferla F, Catena M, Paganelli M, Aldrighetti LA. Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: preoperative liver optimization with multidisciplinary approach. Toward a better outcome. World J Surg 2013; 37(6): 1388–96.PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference American Joint Committee on Cancer. Extrahepatic bile ducts. In: Fleming ID, Cooper JS, et al., eds. AJCC cancer staging manual. Philadelphia: Lippencott-Raven 1997; 109 –111. American Joint Committee on Cancer. Extrahepatic bile ducts. In: Fleming ID, Cooper JS, et al., eds. AJCC cancer staging manual. Philadelphia: Lippencott-Raven 1997; 109 –111.
13.
go back to reference Bismuth H, Corlette MB. Intrahepatic cholangioenteric anastomosis in carcinoma of the hilus of the liver. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1975; 140(2):170–8.PubMed Bismuth H, Corlette MB. Intrahepatic cholangioenteric anastomosis in carcinoma of the hilus of the liver. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1975; 140(2):170–8.PubMed
14.
go back to reference Ratti F, Soldati C, Catena M, Paganelli M, Ferla G, Aldrighetti L. Role of portal vein embolization in liver surgery: single centre experience in sixty-two patients. Updates Surg 2010; 62(3–4):153–9.PubMedCrossRef Ratti F, Soldati C, Catena M, Paganelli M, Ferla G, Aldrighetti L. Role of portal vein embolization in liver surgery: single centre experience in sixty-two patients. Updates Surg 2010; 62(3–4):153–9.PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Clavien PA, Barkun J, de Oliveira ML, Vauthey JN, Dindo D, Schulick RD, de Santibanes E, Pekolj J, Slankamenac K, Bassi C, Graf R, Vonlanther R, Padbury R, Cameron JL, Makuuchi M. The Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications: five-years experience. Ann Surg 2009; 250(2): 187–96.PubMedCrossRef Clavien PA, Barkun J, de Oliveira ML, Vauthey JN, Dindo D, Schulick RD, de Santibanes E, Pekolj J, Slankamenac K, Bassi C, Graf R, Vonlanther R, Padbury R, Cameron JL, Makuuchi M. The Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications: five-years experience. Ann Surg 2009; 250(2): 187–96.PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Rahbari NN, Garden OJ, Padbury R, Brooke-Smith M, Crawford M, Adam R, Koch M, Makuuchi M, Dematteo RP, Christophi C, Banting S, Usatoff V, Nagino M, Maddern G, High TJ, Vauthey JN, Greig P, Rees M, Yokoyama Y, Fan St, Nimura Y, Figueras J, Capussotti L, Buchler MW, Weitz J. Posthepatectomy liver failure: a definition and grading by the International Study Group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS). Surgery 2011; 149:713 – 724.PubMedCrossRef Rahbari NN, Garden OJ, Padbury R, Brooke-Smith M, Crawford M, Adam R, Koch M, Makuuchi M, Dematteo RP, Christophi C, Banting S, Usatoff V, Nagino M, Maddern G, High TJ, Vauthey JN, Greig P, Rees M, Yokoyama Y, Fan St, Nimura Y, Figueras J, Capussotti L, Buchler MW, Weitz J. Posthepatectomy liver failure: a definition and grading by the International Study Group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS). Surgery 2011; 149:713 – 724.PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Unno M, Katayose Y, Rikiyama T, Yoshida H, Yamamoto K, Morikawa T, Hayashi H, Motoi F, Egawa S. Major hepatectomy for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. J Hepatobil Pancreat Sci 2010; 17:463–469.CrossRef Unno M, Katayose Y, Rikiyama T, Yoshida H, Yamamoto K, Morikawa T, Hayashi H, Motoi F, Egawa S. Major hepatectomy for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. J Hepatobil Pancreat Sci 2010; 17:463–469.CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Neuhaus P, Jonas S, Settmacher U, Thelen A, Benckert C, Lopez-Hanninen E, Hintze RE. Surgical management of proximal bile duct cancer: extended right lobe resection increases resectability and radicality. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2003; 388:194–200.PubMedCrossRef Neuhaus P, Jonas S, Settmacher U, Thelen A, Benckert C, Lopez-Hanninen E, Hintze RE. Surgical management of proximal bile duct cancer: extended right lobe resection increases resectability and radicality. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2003; 388:194–200.PubMedCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Shimizu H, Kimura F, Yoshidome H, Ohtsuka M, Kato A, Yoshitomi H, Furukawa K, Miyazaki M. Aggressive surgical resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma of the left-side predominance: radicality and safety of left sided-hepatectomy. Ann Surg 2010; 251:281–286.PubMedCrossRef Shimizu H, Kimura F, Yoshidome H, Ohtsuka M, Kato A, Yoshitomi H, Furukawa K, Miyazaki M. Aggressive surgical resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma of the left-side predominance: radicality and safety of left sided-hepatectomy. Ann Surg 2010; 251:281–286.PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Liu F, Li Y, Wei Y, Li B. Preoperative biliary drainage before resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: whether or not? A systematic review. Dig Dis Sci 2011; 56(3):663–72.PubMedCrossRef Liu F, Li Y, Wei Y, Li B. Preoperative biliary drainage before resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: whether or not? A systematic review. Dig Dis Sci 2011; 56(3):663–72.PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Kloek JJ, van der Gaag NA, Aziz Y, Rauws EA, van Delden OM, Lameris JS, Busch OR, Gouma DJ, van Gulik TM. Endoscopic and percutaneous preoperative biliary drainage in patients with suspected hilar cholangiocarcinoma. J Gastrointest Surg 2010; 14(1):119–25.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Kloek JJ, van der Gaag NA, Aziz Y, Rauws EA, van Delden OM, Lameris JS, Busch OR, Gouma DJ, van Gulik TM. Endoscopic and percutaneous preoperative biliary drainage in patients with suspected hilar cholangiocarcinoma. J Gastrointest Surg 2010; 14(1):119–25.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Ferrero A, Lo Tesoriere R, Viganò L, Caggiano L, Sgotto E, Capussotti L. Preoperative biliary drainage increases infectious complications after hepatectomy for proximal bile duct tumor obstruction. World J Surg 2009; 33(2):318–25.PubMedCrossRef Ferrero A, Lo Tesoriere R, Viganò L, Caggiano L, Sgotto E, Capussotti L. Preoperative biliary drainage increases infectious complications after hepatectomy for proximal bile duct tumor obstruction. World J Surg 2009; 33(2):318–25.PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Kennedy TJ, Yopp A, Qui Y, Zhao B, Guo P, Liu F, Schwartz LH, Allen P, D’Angelica M, Fong Y, DeMatteo RP, Blumgart LH, Jarnagin WR. Role of preoperative biliary drainage of liver remnant prior to extended liver resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. HPB 2009; 11(5):445–51.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Kennedy TJ, Yopp A, Qui Y, Zhao B, Guo P, Liu F, Schwartz LH, Allen P, D’Angelica M, Fong Y, DeMatteo RP, Blumgart LH, Jarnagin WR. Role of preoperative biliary drainage of liver remnant prior to extended liver resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. HPB 2009; 11(5):445–51.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Paik WH, Loganathan N, Hwang JH. Preoperative biliary drainage in hilar cholangiocarcinoma: when and how? World J Gastrointest Endosc 2014; 6(3):68–73.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Paik WH, Loganathan N, Hwang JH. Preoperative biliary drainage in hilar cholangiocarcinoma: when and how? World J Gastrointest Endosc 2014; 6(3):68–73.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Poon RT, Fan ST, Lo CM, Liu CL, Lam CM, Yuen WK, Yeung C, Wong J. Improving perioperative outcome expands the role of hepatectomy in management of benign and malignant hepatobiliary diseases: analysis of 1222 consecutive patients from a prospective database. Ann Surg 2004; 240(4):698–708.PubMedCentralPubMed Poon RT, Fan ST, Lo CM, Liu CL, Lam CM, Yuen WK, Yeung C, Wong J. Improving perioperative outcome expands the role of hepatectomy in management of benign and malignant hepatobiliary diseases: analysis of 1222 consecutive patients from a prospective database. Ann Surg 2004; 240(4):698–708.PubMedCentralPubMed
26.
go back to reference De Jong MC, Pulitanò C, Ribero D, Strub J, Mentha G, Schulick RD, Choti MA, Aldrighetti L, Capussotti L, Pawlik TM. Rates and patterns of recurrence following curative intent surgery for colorectal liver metastasis: an international multi-institutional analysis of 1669 patients. Ann Surg 2009; 250(3):440–8.PubMed De Jong MC, Pulitanò C, Ribero D, Strub J, Mentha G, Schulick RD, Choti MA, Aldrighetti L, Capussotti L, Pawlik TM. Rates and patterns of recurrence following curative intent surgery for colorectal liver metastasis: an international multi-institutional analysis of 1669 patients. Ann Surg 2009; 250(3):440–8.PubMed
27.
go back to reference Hosokawa I, Shimizu H, Yoshidome H, Ohtsuka M, Kato A, Yoshitomi H, Miyazaki M. Surgical strategy for hilar cholangiocarcinoma of the left-side predominance. Current role of left trisectionectomy. Ann Surg 2014;259(6):1178–85.PubMedCrossRef Hosokawa I, Shimizu H, Yoshidome H, Ohtsuka M, Kato A, Yoshitomi H, Miyazaki M. Surgical strategy for hilar cholangiocarcinoma of the left-side predominance. Current role of left trisectionectomy. Ann Surg 2014;259(6):1178–85.PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Ribero D, Amisano M, Lo Tesoriere R, Rosso S, Ferrero A, Capussotti L. Additional resection of an intraoperative margin-positive proximal bile duct improves survival in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg 2011;254(5):776–81.PubMedCrossRef Ribero D, Amisano M, Lo Tesoriere R, Rosso S, Ferrero A, Capussotti L. Additional resection of an intraoperative margin-positive proximal bile duct improves survival in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg 2011;254(5):776–81.PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Grendar J, Grendarova P, Sinha R, Dixon E. Neoadjuvant therapy for downstaging of locally advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a systematic review. HPB (Oxford). 2014;16(4):297–303.CrossRef Grendar J, Grendarova P, Sinha R, Dixon E. Neoadjuvant therapy for downstaging of locally advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a systematic review. HPB (Oxford). 2014;16(4):297–303.CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Soares KC, Kamel I, Cosgrove DP, Herman JM, Pawlik TM. Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: diagnosis, treatment options, and management. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2014 Feb;3(1):18–34. Soares KC, Kamel I, Cosgrove DP, Herman JM, Pawlik TM. Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: diagnosis, treatment options, and management. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2014 Feb;3(1):18–34.
31.
go back to reference Rosen CB, Heimbach JK, Gores GJ. Liver transplantation for cholangiocarcinoma. Transpl Int. 2010 Jul;23(7):692–7. Rosen CB, Heimbach JK, Gores GJ. Liver transplantation for cholangiocarcinoma. Transpl Int. 2010 Jul;23(7):692–7.
32.
go back to reference Gerhards MF, van Gulik TM, González González D, Rauws EA, Gouma DJ. Results of postoperative radiotherapy for resectable hilar holangiocarcinoma. World J Surg. 2003;27(2):173–9.PubMed Gerhards MF, van Gulik TM, González González D, Rauws EA, Gouma DJ. Results of postoperative radiotherapy for resectable hilar holangiocarcinoma. World J Surg. 2003;27(2):173–9.PubMed
33.
go back to reference Sohal DP, Mykulowycz K, Uehara T, Teitelbaum UR, Damjanov N, Giantonio BJ, Carberry M, Wissel P, Jacobs-Small M, O’Dwyer PJ, Sepulveda A, Sun W. A phase II trial of gemcitabine, irinotecan and panitumumab in advanced cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Oncol. 2013;24(12):3061–5.PubMedCrossRef Sohal DP, Mykulowycz K, Uehara T, Teitelbaum UR, Damjanov N, Giantonio BJ, Carberry M, Wissel P, Jacobs-Small M, O’Dwyer PJ, Sepulveda A, Sun W. A phase II trial of gemcitabine, irinotecan and panitumumab in advanced cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Oncol. 2013;24(12):3061–5.PubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Park do H, Lee SS, Park SE, Lee JL, Choi JH, Choi HJ, Jang JW, Kim HJ, Eum JB, Seo DW, Lee SK, Kim MH, Lee JB. Randomised phase II trial of photodynamic therapy plus oral fluoropyrimidine, S-1, versus photodynamic therapy alone for unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Eur J Cancer. 2014;50(7):1259–68.PubMedCrossRef Park do H, Lee SS, Park SE, Lee JL, Choi JH, Choi HJ, Jang JW, Kim HJ, Eum JB, Seo DW, Lee SK, Kim MH, Lee JB. Randomised phase II trial of photodynamic therapy plus oral fluoropyrimidine, S-1, versus photodynamic therapy alone for unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Eur J Cancer. 2014;50(7):1259–68.PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Comparative Analysis of Left- Versus Right-sided Resection in Klatskin Tumor Surgery: can Lesion Side be Considered a Prognostic Factor?
Authors
Francesca Ratti
Federica Cipriani
Guglielmo Piozzi
Marco Catena
Michele Paganelli
Luca Aldrighetti
Publication date
01-07-2015
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery / Issue 7/2015
Print ISSN: 1091-255X
Electronic ISSN: 1873-4626
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-015-2840-1

Other articles of this Issue 7/2015

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 7/2015 Go to the issue