Top

Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings

Published in:

01-12-2010

Cognitive Schemata and Processing Among Parents Bereaved by Infant Death

Authors: Lise Jind, Ask Elklit, Dorte Christiansen

Published in: Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings | Issue 4/2010

Abstract

The present prospective study examined cognitive schemata and processing among 93 parents bereaved by infant death. The Trauma Constellation Identification Scale (TCIS) was used to assess maladaptive cognitive schemata associated with the loss. The impact of pre-, peri-, and post-trauma factors on the TCIS scores was assessed. Compared to parents who had not lost an infant, bereaved parents displayed significantly higher TCIS scores. High TCIS scores were significantly associated with PTSD as well as general symptomatology. Although interesting gender differences were found, the variables most strongly related to TCIS scores were posttraumatic emotional coping and cognitive processing.

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual. (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

Bach, M. (2003). En empirisk belysning og analyse af “Emotional Numbing” som eventuel selvstændig faktor i PTSD. [An empirical illumination and analysis of emotional numbing as an independent factor in PTSD]. Psykologisk Studieskriftserie, 6, 1–199.

Bartone, P. T., Ursano, R. J., Wright, K. M., & Ingraham, L. H. (1989). The impact of a military air disaster on the health of assistance workers: A prospective study. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 177, 317–328.PubMedCrossRef

Black, A. E., & Pearlman, L. A. (1997). Self-esteem as a mediator between beliefs about self and beliefs about others. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 1, 57–76.

Bödvarsdóttir, I., & Elklit, A. (2004). Psychological reactions in Icelandic earthquake survivors. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 45, 3–13.PubMedCrossRef

Briere, J., & Runtz, M. (1989). Trauma Symptom Checklist. (TSC-33). Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 4, 151–163.CrossRef

Burgess, A. W., & Holmstrom, L. L. (1974). Rape trauma syndrome. American Journal of Psychiatry, 131, 981–986.PubMed

Calhoun, L. G., Cann, A., Tedeschi, R. G., & McMillan, J. (1998). Traumatic events and generational differences in assumptions about a just world. Journal of Social Psychology, 6, 789–791.CrossRef

Dansky, B. S., Roth, S., & Kronenberger, W. G. (1990). The trauma constellation identification scale: A measure of the psychological impact of a stressful life event. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 3, 557–572.CrossRef

Dekel, R., Solomon, Z., Elklit, A., & Ginzburg, K. (2004). World assumptions and combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Social Psychology, 144, 407–420.PubMedCrossRef

Elklit, A. (1996). Coping Styles Questionnaire: A contribution to the validation of a scale for measuring coping strategies. Personality and Individual Differences, 21, 809–812.CrossRef

Elklit, A., Pedersen, S., & Jind, L. (2001). The Crisis Support Scale: Psychometric qualities and further validation. Personality and Individual Differences, 31, 1291–1302.CrossRef

Epstein, S. (1991). The self-concept, the traumatic neurosis, and the structure of personality. In D. Ozer, J. M. Healy Jr., & A. J. Stewart (Eds.), Perspectives of personality (Vol. 3, pp. 63–98). London: Jessica Kingsley.

Foa, E. B., Ehlers, A., Clark, D. M., Tolin, D. F., & Orsillo, S. M. (1999). The Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory (PTCI): Development and validation. Psychological Assessment, 11, 303–314.CrossRef

Franklin, K. M., Janoff-Bulman, R., & Roberts, J. E. (1990). Long-impact of parental divorce on optimism and trust: Changes in general assumptions or narrow beliefs? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 743–755.PubMedCrossRef

Goodman, L. A., & Dutton, M. A. (1996). The relationship between victimization and cognitive schemata among episodically homeless, seriously mentally ill women. Violence and Victims, 11, 159–174.PubMed

Harrison, C. A., & Kinner, S. A. (1998). Correlates of psychological distress following armed robbery. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 11(4), 787–798.PubMedCrossRef

Horowitz, M. J. (1976). Stress response syndromes. New York: Jason Aronson, Inc.

Janoff-Bulman, R. (1992). Shattered assumptions. New York: The Free Press.

Janoff-Bulman, R. (1989). Assumptive worlds and the stress of traumatic events: Applications of the schema construct. Social Cognition, 7, 113–136.CrossRef

Jind, L. (2001). Do traumatic events influence cognitive schemata? Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 42, 113–120.PubMedCrossRef

Joseph, S., Andrews, B., Williams, R., & Yule, W. (1992). Crises support and psychiatric symptomatology in adult survivors of the Jupiter cruise ship disaster. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 31, 63–73.PubMed

Jurk, I. H., Ekert, H., & Jones, H. J. (1981). Family responses and mechanisms of adjustment following death of children with cancer. Australian Paediatric Journal, 17, 85–88.PubMed

Krog, T., & Duel, M. (2003). Trauma Symptom Checklist (TSC). En validering og revidering. Psykologisk Skriftserie, 6, 1–162.

Magwaza, A. S. (1999). Assumptive world of traumatized South African adults. Journal of Social Psychology, 139, 622–630.PubMedCrossRef

Matthews, L. T., & Marwit, S. J. (2003–2004). Examining the assumptive world views of parents bereaved by accident, murder, and illness. Omega: Journal of Death and Dying, 48, 115–136.

McCann, L., & Pearlman, L. A. (1990). Psychological trauma and the adult survivor. New York: Brunner/Mazel, Inc.

McIntosh, D. N., Silver, R. C., & Wortman, C. B. (1993). Religion’s role in adjustment to a negative life event: Coping with the loss of a child. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 812–821.PubMedCrossRef

Mollica, R. F., Caspi-Yavin, Y., Bollini, P., Troung, T., Tor, S., & Lavelle, J. (1992). The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. Validating a cross-cultural instrument for measuring torture, trauma, and posttraumatic stress disorder in Indochinese refugees. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 180, 111–116.PubMedCrossRef

Newman, E., Riggs, D. S., & Roth, S. (1997). Thematic resolution, PTSD and complex PTSD: The relationship between meaning and trauma-related diagnosis. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 10, 197–213.PubMed

Nicol, M. T., Tompkins, J. R., Campbell, N. A., & Syme, G. J. (1986). Maternal grieving response after perinatal death. Medical Journal of Australia, 144, 287–289.PubMed

Pakenham, K. I., Dadds, M. R., & Terry, D. J. (1994). Relationships between adjustment to HIV and both social support and coping. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 1194–1203.PubMedCrossRef

Pyevich, C. M., Newman, E., & Daleiden, E. (2003). The relationship among cognitive schemas, job-related traumatic exposure, and post-traumatic stress disorder in journalists. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 16, 325–328.PubMedCrossRef

Roger, D., Jarvis, G., & Najarian, B. (1993). Detachment and coping: The construction and validation of a new scale for measuring coping strategies. Personality and Individual Differences, 15, 619–629.CrossRef

Roth, S., & Lebowitz, L. (1988). The experience of sexual trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 1, 79–107.CrossRef

Solomon, Z., Iancu, I., & Tyano, S. (1997). World assumptions following disaster. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27, 1785–1798.CrossRef

Toedter, L. J., Lasker, J. N., & Alhadeff, J. M. (1988). The Perinatal Grief Scale: Development and initial validation. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 58, 435–449.PubMedCrossRef

Tudehope, D. I., Iredell, J., Rodger, D., & Gunn, A. (1986). Neonatal death: Grieving families. Medical Journal of Australia, 144, 290–292.PubMed

Wilson, A. L., Fenton, L. J., Stevens, D. C., & Soulse, D. J. (1982). The death of a newborn twin: An analysis of parental bereavement. Pediatrics, 70, 587–591.PubMed

Zeanah, C. H. (1989). Adaptation following perinatal loss: A critical review. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 467–480.PubMedCrossRef

Title: Cognitive Schemata and Processing Among Parents Bereaved by Infant Death
Authors: Lise Jind
Ask Elklit
Dorte Christiansen
Publication date: 01-12-2010
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings / Issue 4/2010
Print ISSN: 1068-9583
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3572
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-010-9216-1

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Cognitive Schemata and Processing Among Parents Bereaved by Infant Death

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 4/2010

The Roles of Social Support and Self-Efficacy in Physical Health’s Impact on Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Older Adults

Anxiety and Asthma Symptoms in Urban Adolescents with Asthma: The Mediating Role of Illness Perceptions

Psychiatric Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients Affected by Epidermolysis Bullosa

Posttraumatic Growth in Young Adults Who Experienced Serious Childhood Illness: A Mixed-Methods Approach

Early Intervention of Eating- and Weight-Related Problems

Pathways to Success for Psychologists in Academic Health Centers: From Early Career to Emeritus