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Open Access 05-07-2022 | Climate Change | Original Contribution

Effect of personalized dietary advice to increase protein intake on food consumption and the environmental impact of the diet in community-dwelling older adults: results from the PROMISS trial

Authors: Alessandra C. Grasso, Margreet R. Olthof, Ilse Reinders, Hanneke A. H. Wijnhoven, Marjolein Visser, Ingeborg A. Brouwer

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 8/2022

Abstract

Purpose

Diet modelling studies suggest that increasing protein intake with no consideration for sustainability results in a higher environmental impact on the diet. To better understand the impact in real life, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of dietary advice to increase protein intake on food consumption and the environmental impact of the diet in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods

Food consumption and environmental impact were analyzed among 124 Dutch older adults with lower habitual protein intake (< 1.0 g/kg adjusted body weight/day) participating in the six-month PROMISS trial. Dietary intake data from three 24-h dietary recalls, aided by food diaries, and results from life cycle assessments were used to examine the differences in changes in food consumption and environmental impact between those who received dietary advice to isocalorically increase protein intake to ≥ 1.2 g/kg aBW/d (Protein + ; n = 84) and those who did not receive dietary advice (Control; n = 40).

Results

Compared to the Control, Protein + increased protein intake from animal-based food products (11.0 g protein/d, 95% CI 6.6–15.4, p < 0.001), plant-based food products (2.1 g protein/d, 95% CI 0.2–4.0, p = 0.031) and protein-enriched food products provided during the trial (18 g protein/d, 95% CI 14.5–21.6, p < 0.001) at the 6-month follow-up. Diet-associated greenhouse gas emissions increased by 16% (p < 0.001), land use by 19% (p < 0.001), terrestrial acidification by 20% (p = 0.01), and marine eutrophication by 16% (p = 0.035) in Protein + compared to the Control.

Conclusion

This study found that dietary advice increased protein intake, favoring animal-based protein, and increased the environmental impact of the diet in older adults.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT03712306. October 2018.

Available only for authorised users

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Title: Effect of personalized dietary advice to increase protein intake on food consumption and the environmental impact of the diet in community-dwelling older adults: results from the PROMISS trial
Authors: Alessandra C. Grasso
Margreet R. Olthof
Ilse Reinders
Hanneke A. H. Wijnhoven
Marjolein Visser
Ingeborg A. Brouwer
Publication date: 05-07-2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keyword: Climate Change
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 8/2022
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-022-02896-x

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