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Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology
Published in: Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology 4/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Original Article

Circulating levels of proinflammatory mediators as potential biomarkers of post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis development

Authors: Svetlana B. Panina, Igor V. Krolevets, Natalia P. Milyutina, Alexander B. Sagakyants, Igor V. Kornienko, Anzhelika A. Ananyan, Mikhail A. Zabrodin, Andrey A. Plotnikov, Valeriy V. Vnukov

Published in: Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology | Issue 4/2017

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Abstract

Background

The identification of biomarkers of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) progression is of clinical importance. The aims of this study were: (1) to assess the abilities of various soluble proinflammatory mediators in plasma to distinguish patients with knee PTOA from controls; (2) to determine the correlations between the mediators in plasma and those mediators in synovial fluid (SF); and (3) to explore the associations of the mediators with radiographic PTOA severity.

Materials and methods

The concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, TNFα, and leptin were measured using ELISA. Nitric oxide was determined as nitrite/nitrate (NO x ) using the Griess reaction.

Results

We included 171 subjects (134 PTOA patients and 37 controls) and excluded patients with rheumatoid arthritis or gout. The ROC curve of plasma NO x had the highest AUC, a specificity of 100%, and a sensitivity of 84.4%. The combination of IL-6 and leptin proved to be the most discriminatory, with an AUC value of 0.933, a specificity of 96.7%, and a sensitivity of 85.7%. The levels of NO x , IL-6, IL-18, and leptin in plasma were significantly correlated with their levels in SF. Leptin levels in both plasma (p = 0.036) and SF (p = 0.041) and the synovial IL-18 level (p = 0.045) were correlated with the Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grade. Early-stage PTOA (KL 1–2) was associated with a high concentration of IL-1β in plasma before and after (OR 6.235, 95% CI 1.362 to 28.552, p = 0.018) adjusting for age, gender, and BMI.

Conclusions

Circulating NO x level and a combination of IL-6 and leptin permitted the strongest discrimination of patients with PTOA from controls. PTOA severity was correlated with leptin levels in plasma and SF and with the synovial IL-18 level. Early PTOA was associated with the circulating level of IL-1β.

Level of evidence

III (case–control study).
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Metadata
Title
Circulating levels of proinflammatory mediators as potential biomarkers of post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis development
Authors
Svetlana B. Panina
Igor V. Krolevets
Natalia P. Milyutina
Alexander B. Sagakyants
Igor V. Kornienko
Anzhelika A. Ananyan
Mikhail A. Zabrodin
Andrey A. Plotnikov
Valeriy V. Vnukov
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology / Issue 4/2017
Print ISSN: 1590-9921
Electronic ISSN: 1590-9999
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10195-017-0473-8

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