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Open Access 01-12-2024 | Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease | Research

Estimating the global prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Nadia AL Wachami, Morad Guennouni, Younes Iderdar, Karima Boumendil, Maryem Arraji, Yassmine Mourajid, Fatima Zahra Bouchachi, Mohamed Barkaoui, Mohamed Lahbib Louerdi, Abderraouf Hilali, Mohamed Chahboune

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2024

Abstract

Background

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem. The present study aims to provide a global and regional estimate of the prevalence of COPD based on spirometry according to the two most widely used diagnostic criteria of COPD: fixed ratio (FR) and lower limit of normal (LLN).

Methods

We conducted a systematic review of the literature according to PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, Web of Sciences, and Scopus databases were searched to identify studies on the spirometry-based prevalence of COPD in individuals aged 40 years and older. The meta-analysis was performed using MedCalc 19 software.

Results

In total, 42 of the 3393 studies reviewed were eligible for inclusion. The overall prevalence of COPD in people aged 40 years and older was 12.64% (95% CI 10.75%-14.65%) and 7.38% (95% CI 5.47% − 9.55%) based on FR and LLN criteria, respectively. By gender, men had a higher prevalence of COPD compared to women (15.47%; 95% CI 12.22%-19.02% for men versus 8.79%; 95% CI 6.94%-10.82% for women). Using the LLN criteria, the prevalence of COPD in both sexes was almost identical (8.67%; 95% CI 8.44%- 8.90% for men and 8.00%; 95% CI 6.42% − 9.73% for women). We reported a high prevalence of COPD among smokers and the elderly by both definitions of airway obstruction. Regional prevalence estimates using the FR definition indicate that the highest COPD prevalence was recorded in the Americas and the lowest was recorded in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Using the LLN definition, the highest prevalence was recorded in the Southeast Asian region and the lowest prevalence was recorded in the American region. The most common COPD stage was stage II, with a prevalence of 50.46%. The results indicate a huge lack of prevalence data in the African and Eastern Mediterranean region. The results were given using a random-effect model due to the high heterogeneity between studies.

Conclusion

Results show that the prevalence of COPD differs according to the diagnostic criteria used. In addition, management and prevention strategies targeting risk factors for COPD are certainly needed to reduce the global burden of this chronic respiratory disease.

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Title: Estimating the global prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nadia AL Wachami
Morad Guennouni
Younes Iderdar
Karima Boumendil
Maryem Arraji
Yassmine Mourajid
Fatima Zahra Bouchachi
Mohamed Barkaoui
Mohamed Lahbib Louerdi
Abderraouf Hilali
Mohamed Chahboune
Publication date: 01-12-2024
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
Spirometry
Published in: BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-17686-9

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Estimating the global prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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