Chronic expanding hematoma with feeding artery in the gluteus maximus muscle

A case of chronic expanding hematoma which had a clear feeding artery from the inferior gluteal artery was presented. Chronic expanding hematoma with feeding artery demonstrated by preoperative MRI imaging is very rare. Hypervascular mass and feeding arteries in image findings raised the suspicion of a malignant soft tissue tumor or a vascular malformation with repeated bleeding as differential diagnosis. A massive bleeding over 500 mL was observed during the partial resection for biopsy, indicating that the mass and its outer envelope had an abundant blood flow. Before operation, embolization of the feeding artery was performed. The patient underwent a complete surgical resection, and the mass was resected with minimal bleeding less than 20 mL. Preoperative embolization was very effective for controlling bleeding in this case.

Level of Evidence: Level V, therapeutic study.