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Journal of Hematology & Oncology
Published in: Journal of Hematology & Oncology 1/2020

01-12-2020 | Checkpoint Inhibitors | Review

Next-generation immuno-oncology agents: current momentum shifts in cancer immunotherapy

Authors: Chongxian Pan, Hongtao Liu, Elizabeth Robins, Wenru Song, Delong Liu, Zihai Li, Lei Zheng

Published in: Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Cancer immunotherapy has reached a critical point, now that immune checkpoint inhibitors and two CAR-T products have received market approval in treating 16 types of cancers and 1 tissue-agnostic cancer indication. Accompanying these advances, the 2018 Nobel Prize was awarded for the discovery of immune checkpoint pathways, which has led to the revolution of anti-cancer treatments. However, expanding the indications of immuno-oncology agents and overcoming treatment resistance face mounting challenges. Although combination immunotherapy is an obvious strategy to pursue, the fact that there have been more failures than successes in this effort has served as a wake-up call, placing emphasis on the importance of building a solid scientific foundation for the development of next-generation immuno-oncology (IO) agents. The 2019 China Cancer Immunotherapy Workshop was held to discuss the current challenges and opportunities in IO. At this conference, emerging concepts and strategies for IO development were proposed, focusing squarely on correcting the immunological defects in the tumor microenvironment. New targets such as Siglec-15 and new directions including neoantigens, cancer vaccines, oncolytic viruses, and cytokines were reviewed. Emerging immunotherapies were discussed in the areas of overcoming primary and secondary resistance to existing immune checkpoint inhibitors, activating effector cells, and targeting immunosuppressive mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment. In this article, we highlight old and new waves of IO therapy development, and provide perspectives on the latest momentum shifts in cancer immunotherapy.
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Metadata
Title
Next-generation immuno-oncology agents: current momentum shifts in cancer immunotherapy
Authors
Chongxian Pan
Hongtao Liu
Elizabeth Robins
Wenru Song
Delong Liu
Zihai Li
Lei Zheng
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Hematology & Oncology / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1756-8722
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-020-00862-w

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