Skip to main content
Top
Published in: PharmacoEconomics 2/2001

01-02-2001 | Review Article

Changing Therapeutic Regimens in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Clinical and Economic Considerations

Authors: Dr Herman J. Stoevelaar, Joseph McDonnell

Published in: PharmacoEconomics | Issue 2/2001

Login to get access

Abstract

There is some evidence that medication and minimally invasive treatments may preclude eventual surgical treatment, but the precise effect is difficult to estimate because of differences in the study populations and the relatively short study periods. As a result of the dynamic nature of BPH treatment and the lack of long term data, the cost effects of the introduction of the various new treatments are also difficult to assess. Given the aging of the population and the growing percentage of patients with BPH for whom any type of treatment can be considered, a considerable increase of total costs can be expected. Long term prospective studies are necessary to gain insight into the most cost-effective treatment for different patient groups.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Berry SJ, Coffey DS, Walsh PC, et al. The development of human benign prostatic hyperplasia with age. J Urol 1984; 132: 474–9PubMed Berry SJ, Coffey DS, Walsh PC, et al. The development of human benign prostatic hyperplasia with age. J Urol 1984; 132: 474–9PubMed
2.
go back to reference Isaacs JT, Coffey DS. Etiology and disease process of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate 1989; Suppl. 2: 33–50 Isaacs JT, Coffey DS. Etiology and disease process of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate 1989; Suppl. 2: 33–50
3.
go back to reference Barry MJ, Fowler Jr FJ, O’Leary MP, et al. The American Urological Association symptom index for benign prostatic hyperplasia. The Measurement Committee of the American Urological Association. J Urol 1992; 148 (5): 1549–57PubMed Barry MJ, Fowler Jr FJ, O’Leary MP, et al. The American Urological Association symptom index for benign prostatic hyperplasia. The Measurement Committee of the American Urological Association. J Urol 1992; 148 (5): 1549–57PubMed
4.
go back to reference Cockett ATK, Aso Y, Chatelain C, et al., editors. Proceedings of the 1st International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH); 1991 Jun 26–27: Paris. Jersey: Scientific Communication International Ltd, 1992 Cockett ATK, Aso Y, Chatelain C, et al., editors. Proceedings of the 1st International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH); 1991 Jun 26–27: Paris. Jersey: Scientific Communication International Ltd, 1992
5.
go back to reference Sagnier P-P, MacFarlane G, Richard F, et al. Results of an epidemiological survey using a modified American Urological Association symptom index for benign prostatic hyperplasia in France. J Urol 1994; 151: 1266–70PubMed Sagnier P-P, MacFarlane G, Richard F, et al. Results of an epidemiological survey using a modified American Urological Association symptom index for benign prostatic hyperplasia in France. J Urol 1994; 151: 1266–70PubMed
6.
go back to reference Tan HY, Choo WC, Archibald C, et al. A community based study of prostatic symptoms in Singapore. J Urol 1997; 157: 890–3PubMedCrossRef Tan HY, Choo WC, Archibald C, et al. A community based study of prostatic symptoms in Singapore. J Urol 1997; 157: 890–3PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Norman RW, Nickel JC, Fish D, et al. ’Prostate-related symptoms’ in Canadian men 50 years of age or older: prevalence and relationships among symptoms. Br J Urol 1994; 74: 542–50PubMedCrossRef Norman RW, Nickel JC, Fish D, et al. ’Prostate-related symptoms’ in Canadian men 50 years of age or older: prevalence and relationships among symptoms. Br J Urol 1994; 74: 542–50PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Lee E, Park M-S, Shin C, et al. A high-risk group for prostatism: a population-based epidemiological study in Korea. Br J Urol 1997; 79: 736–41PubMedCrossRef Lee E, Park M-S, Shin C, et al. A high-risk group for prostatism: a population-based epidemiological study in Korea. Br J Urol 1997; 79: 736–41PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Hunter DJW, Berra-Unamuno A, Martin-Gordo A. Prevalence of urinary symptoms and other urological conditions in Spanish men 50 years old or older. J Urol 1996; 155: 1965–70PubMedCrossRef Hunter DJW, Berra-Unamuno A, Martin-Gordo A. Prevalence of urinary symptoms and other urological conditions in Spanish men 50 years old or older. J Urol 1996; 155: 1965–70PubMedCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Nacey JN, Morum P, Delahunt B. Analysis of the prevalence of voiding symptoms in Maori, Pacific Island, and Caucasian New Zealand men. Urology 1995; 46: 506–11PubMedCrossRef Nacey JN, Morum P, Delahunt B. Analysis of the prevalence of voiding symptoms in Maori, Pacific Island, and Caucasian New Zealand men. Urology 1995; 46: 506–11PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Bosch JLHR, Hop WCJ, Kirkels WJ, et al. The International Prostate symptom score in a community-based sample of men between 55 and 74 years of age: prevalence and correlation of symptoms with age, prostate volume, flow rate and residual urine volume. Br J Urol 1995; 75: 622–30PubMedCrossRef Bosch JLHR, Hop WCJ, Kirkels WJ, et al. The International Prostate symptom score in a community-based sample of men between 55 and 74 years of age: prevalence and correlation of symptoms with age, prostate volume, flow rate and residual urine volume. Br J Urol 1995; 75: 622–30PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Madersbacher S, Haidinger G, Temml C, et al. Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms in Austria as assessed by an open survey of 2,096 men. Eur Urol 1998; 34: 136–41PubMedCrossRef Madersbacher S, Haidinger G, Temml C, et al. Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms in Austria as assessed by an open survey of 2,096 men. Eur Urol 1998; 34: 136–41PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Chute CG, Panser LA, Girman CJ, et al. The prevalence of prostatism: a population-based survey of urinary symptoms. J Urol 1993; 150: 85–9PubMed Chute CG, Panser LA, Girman CJ, et al. The prevalence of prostatism: a population-based survey of urinary symptoms. J Urol 1993; 150: 85–9PubMed
14.
go back to reference Tsukamoto T, Kumamoto Y, Masumori N, et al. Prevalence of prostatism in Japanese men in a community-based study with comparison to a similar American study. J Urol 1995; 154: 391–5PubMedCrossRef Tsukamoto T, Kumamoto Y, Masumori N, et al. Prevalence of prostatism in Japanese men in a community-based study with comparison to a similar American study. J Urol 1995; 154: 391–5PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Blanker MH, Groeneveld FPMJ, Prins A, et al. Strong effects of definition and nonresponse bias on prevalence rates of clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia: the Krimpen study of male urogenital tract problems and general health status. BJU Int 2000; 85 (6): 665–71PubMedCrossRef Blanker MH, Groeneveld FPMJ, Prins A, et al. Strong effects of definition and nonresponse bias on prevalence rates of clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia: the Krimpen study of male urogenital tract problems and general health status. BJU Int 2000; 85 (6): 665–71PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Girman CJ. Population-based studies of the epidemiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Urol 1998; 82 Suppl. 1: 34–43PubMed Girman CJ. Population-based studies of the epidemiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Urol 1998; 82 Suppl. 1: 34–43PubMed
17.
go back to reference Chancellor MB, Rivas DA. American Urological Association symptom index for women with voiding symptoms: lack of index specificity for benign prostate hyperplasia. J Urol 1993; 150: 1706–9PubMed Chancellor MB, Rivas DA. American Urological Association symptom index for women with voiding symptoms: lack of index specificity for benign prostate hyperplasia. J Urol 1993; 150: 1706–9PubMed
18.
go back to reference Chai TC, Belville WD, McGuire EJ, et al. Specificity of the American Urological Association voiding symptom index: comparison of unselected and selected samples of both sexes. J Urol 1993; 150: 1710–3PubMed Chai TC, Belville WD, McGuire EJ, et al. Specificity of the American Urological Association voiding symptom index: comparison of unselected and selected samples of both sexes. J Urol 1993; 150: 1710–3PubMed
19.
go back to reference Lepor H, Machi G. Comparison of AUA symptom index in unselected males and females between fifty-five and seventy-nine years of age. Urology 1993; 42: 36–41PubMedCrossRef Lepor H, Machi G. Comparison of AUA symptom index in unselected males and females between fifty-five and seventy-nine years of age. Urology 1993; 42: 36–41PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Chancellor MB, Rivas DA, Keeley FX, et al. Similarity of the American Urological Association symptom index among men with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), urethral obstruction not due to BPH and detrusor hyperreflexia without outlet obstruction. Br J Urol 1994; 74: 200–3PubMedCrossRef Chancellor MB, Rivas DA, Keeley FX, et al. Similarity of the American Urological Association symptom index among men with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), urethral obstruction not due to BPH and detrusor hyperreflexia without outlet obstruction. Br J Urol 1994; 74: 200–3PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Yalla SV, Sullivan MP, Lecamwasam HS, et al. Correlation of American Urological Association symptom index with obstructive and nonobstructive prostatism. J Urol 1995; 153: 674–80PubMedCrossRef Yalla SV, Sullivan MP, Lecamwasam HS, et al. Correlation of American Urological Association symptom index with obstructive and nonobstructive prostatism. J Urol 1995; 153: 674–80PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Stoevelaar HJ, Van de Beek C, Nijs HGT, et al. The symptom questionnaire for benign prostatic hyperplasia: an ambiguous indicator for an ambiguous disease. Br J Urol 1996; 77: 181–5PubMedCrossRef Stoevelaar HJ, Van de Beek C, Nijs HGT, et al. The symptom questionnaire for benign prostatic hyperplasia: an ambiguous indicator for an ambiguous disease. Br J Urol 1996; 77: 181–5PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Anon. Data on surgical treatment of patients, discharged from hospital with benign prostatic hyperplasia as primary or secondary diagnosis, 1972–1997. Utrecht: National Register of Hospital Admissions (SIG), 1998 Anon. Data on surgical treatment of patients, discharged from hospital with benign prostatic hyperplasia as primary or secondary diagnosis, 1972–1997. Utrecht: National Register of Hospital Admissions (SIG), 1998
24.
go back to reference Anon. Dutch population by marital status, age and sex; 1 January, 1972–1997. Voorburg/Heerlen: Statistics Netherlands (CBS), 1998 Anon. Dutch population by marital status, age and sex; 1 January, 1972–1997. Voorburg/Heerlen: Statistics Netherlands (CBS), 1998
25.
go back to reference Sejr T, Andersen TF, Madsen M, et al. Prostatectomy in Denmark: regional variation and the diffusion of medical technology 1977–1985. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1991; 25: 101–6PubMedCrossRef Sejr T, Andersen TF, Madsen M, et al. Prostatectomy in Denmark: regional variation and the diffusion of medical technology 1977–1985. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1991; 25: 101–6PubMedCrossRef
26.
go back to reference Lu-Yao GL, Barry MJ, Chang C-H, et al. Transurethral resection of the prostate among Medicare beneficiaries in the United States: time trends and outcomes. Urology 1994; 44: 692–9PubMedCrossRef Lu-Yao GL, Barry MJ, Chang C-H, et al. Transurethral resection of the prostate among Medicare beneficiaries in the United States: time trends and outcomes. Urology 1994; 44: 692–9PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Blomqvist P, Ekbom A, Carlsson P, et al. Benign prostatic hyperplasia in Sweden 1987 to 1994: changing patterns of treatment, changing patterns of costs. Urology 1997; 50: 214–20PubMedCrossRef Blomqvist P, Ekbom A, Carlsson P, et al. Benign prostatic hyperplasia in Sweden 1987 to 1994: changing patterns of treatment, changing patterns of costs. Urology 1997; 50: 214–20PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Xia Z, Roberts RO, Schottenfeld D, et al. Trends in prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia among black and white men in the United States: 1980 to 1994. Urology 199; 53: 1154–9 Xia Z, Roberts RO, Schottenfeld D, et al. Trends in prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia among black and white men in the United States: 1980 to 1994. Urology 199; 53: 1154–9
29.
go back to reference Semmens JB, Wisniewski ZS, Bass AJ, et al. Trends in repeat prostatectomy after surgery for benign prostatic disease: application of record linkage to healthcare outcomes. BJU Int 1999; 84: 972–5PubMedCrossRef Semmens JB, Wisniewski ZS, Bass AJ, et al. Trends in repeat prostatectomy after surgery for benign prostatic disease: application of record linkage to healthcare outcomes. BJU Int 1999; 84: 972–5PubMedCrossRef
30.
go back to reference Stoevelaar HJ. Management of benign prostatic hyperplasia: practice variation and appropriateness of care [dissertation]. Rotterdam: Erasmus University, 1996 Stoevelaar HJ. Management of benign prostatic hyperplasia: practice variation and appropriateness of care [dissertation]. Rotterdam: Erasmus University, 1996
31.
go back to reference Holtgrewe HL, Bay-Nielsen H, Carlsson P, et al. The economics of the management of lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic hyperplasia. In: Denis L, Griffiths K, Khoury S, et al., editors. Proceedings of the 4th International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH); 1997 Jul 2–5: Paris. Plymouth: Health Publication Ltd, 1998: 61–81 Holtgrewe HL, Bay-Nielsen H, Carlsson P, et al. The economics of the management of lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic hyperplasia. In: Denis L, Griffiths K, Khoury S, et al., editors. Proceedings of the 4th International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH); 1997 Jul 2–5: Paris. Plymouth: Health Publication Ltd, 1998: 61–81
32.
go back to reference Cockett ATK, Khoury S, Aso Y, et al., editors. Proceedings of the 2nd International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH); 1993 Jun 27–30: Paris. Jersey: Scientific Communication International Ltd, 1993 Cockett ATK, Khoury S, Aso Y, et al., editors. Proceedings of the 2nd International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH); 1993 Jun 27–30: Paris. Jersey: Scientific Communication International Ltd, 1993
33.
go back to reference McConnell JD, Barry MJ, Bruskewitz RC, et al. Benign prostatic hyperplasia: diagnosis and treatment. Clinical practice guideline, number 8. Rockville (MD): Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR), Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services, 1994. AHCPR Publication No.: 94-0582 McConnell JD, Barry MJ, Bruskewitz RC, et al. Benign prostatic hyperplasia: diagnosis and treatment. Clinical practice guideline, number 8. Rockville (MD): Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR), Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services, 1994. AHCPR Publication No.: 94-0582
34.
go back to reference Cockett ATK, Khoury S, Aso Y, et al., editors. Proceedings of the 3rd International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH); 1995 Jun 26–28: Monaco. Jersey: Scientific Communication International Ltd, 1996 Cockett ATK, Khoury S, Aso Y, et al., editors. Proceedings of the 3rd International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH); 1995 Jun 26–28: Monaco. Jersey: Scientific Communication International Ltd, 1996
35.
go back to reference Denis L, Griffiths K, Khoury S, et al., editors. Proceedings of the 4th International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH); 1997 Jul 2–5: Paris. Plymouth: Health Publication Ltd, 1998 Denis L, Griffiths K, Khoury S, et al., editors. Proceedings of the 4th International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH); 1997 Jul 2–5: Paris. Plymouth: Health Publication Ltd, 1998
37.
go back to reference Fowler Jr FJ, Wennberg JE, Timothy RP, et al. Symptom status and quality of life following prostatectomy. JAMA 1988; 259: 3018–22PubMedCrossRef Fowler Jr FJ, Wennberg JE, Timothy RP, et al. Symptom status and quality of life following prostatectomy. JAMA 1988; 259: 3018–22PubMedCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Roos NP, Wennberg JE, Malenka DJ, et al. Mortality and reoperation after open and transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 1120–4PubMedCrossRef Roos NP, Wennberg JE, Malenka DJ, et al. Mortality and reoperation after open and transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 1120–4PubMedCrossRef
39.
go back to reference Mebust WK, Holtgrewe HL, Cockett ATK, et al. Transurethral prostatectomy: immediate and postoperative complications. A cooperative study of 13 participating institutions evaluating 3,885 patients. J Urol 1989; 141 (2): 243–7PubMed Mebust WK, Holtgrewe HL, Cockett ATK, et al. Transurethral prostatectomy: immediate and postoperative complications. A cooperative study of 13 participating institutions evaluating 3,885 patients. J Urol 1989; 141 (2): 243–7PubMed
40.
go back to reference Chute CG, Stephenson WP, Guess HA, et al. Benign prostatic hyperplasia: a population-based study. Eur Urol 1991; 20 Suppl. 2: 11–7PubMed Chute CG, Stephenson WP, Guess HA, et al. Benign prostatic hyperplasia: a population-based study. Eur Urol 1991; 20 Suppl. 2: 11–7PubMed
41.
go back to reference Doll HA, Black NA, McPherson K, et al. Mortality, morbidity and complications following transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hypertrophy. J Urol 1992; 147: 1566–73PubMed Doll HA, Black NA, McPherson K, et al. Mortality, morbidity and complications following transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hypertrophy. J Urol 1992; 147: 1566–73PubMed
42.
go back to reference Jardin A, Bensadoun H, Delauche-Cavallier MC, et al. Long-term treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with alfuzosin: a 12-18 month assessment. BPHALF Group. Br J Urol 1993; 72 (5 Pt 1): 615–20PubMedCrossRef Jardin A, Bensadoun H, Delauche-Cavallier MC, et al. Long-term treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with alfuzosin: a 12-18 month assessment. BPHALF Group. Br J Urol 1993; 72 (5 Pt 1): 615–20PubMedCrossRef
43.
go back to reference Lepor H. Long-term efficacy and safety of terazosin in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Terazosin Research Group. Urology 1995; 45: 406–13PubMedCrossRef Lepor H. Long-term efficacy and safety of terazosin in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Terazosin Research Group. Urology 1995; 45: 406–13PubMedCrossRef
44.
go back to reference Lepor H, Kaplan SA, Klimberg I, et al. Doxazosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia: long-term efficacy and safety in hypertensive and normotensive patients. Multicenter Study Group. J Urol 1997; 157: 525–30PubMedCrossRef Lepor H, Kaplan SA, Klimberg I, et al. Doxazosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia: long-term efficacy and safety in hypertensive and normotensive patients. Multicenter Study Group. J Urol 1997; 157: 525–30PubMedCrossRef
45.
go back to reference Lepor H. Long-term evaluation of tamsulosin in benign prostatic hyperplasia: placebo-controlled, double-blind extension of phase III trial. Tamsulosin Investigator Group. Urology 1998; 51: 901–6PubMedCrossRef Lepor H. Long-term evaluation of tamsulosin in benign prostatic hyperplasia: placebo-controlled, double-blind extension of phase III trial. Tamsulosin Investigator Group. Urology 1998; 51: 901–6PubMedCrossRef
46.
go back to reference Lukacs B, Grange JC, McCarthy C, et al. Clinical uroselectivity: a 3-year follow-up in general practice. BPH Group in General Practice. Eur Urol 1998; 33 Suppl. 2: 28–33PubMedCrossRef Lukacs B, Grange JC, McCarthy C, et al. Clinical uroselectivity: a 3-year follow-up in general practice. BPH Group in General Practice. Eur Urol 1998; 33 Suppl. 2: 28–33PubMedCrossRef
47.
go back to reference Schulman CC, Cortvriend J, Jonas U, et al. Tamsulosin: 3-year long-term efficacy and safety in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction: analysis of a European, multinational, multicenter, open-label study. European Tamsulosin Study Group. Eur Urol 1999; 36: 609–20PubMedCrossRef Schulman CC, Cortvriend J, Jonas U, et al. Tamsulosin: 3-year long-term efficacy and safety in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction: analysis of a European, multinational, multicenter, open-label study. European Tamsulosin Study Group. Eur Urol 1999; 36: 609–20PubMedCrossRef
48.
go back to reference Boyle P, Gould AL, Roehrborn CG. Prostate volume predicts outcome of treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with finasteride: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Urology 1996; 48: 398–405PubMedCrossRef Boyle P, Gould AL, Roehrborn CG. Prostate volume predicts outcome of treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with finasteride: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Urology 1996; 48: 398–405PubMedCrossRef
49.
go back to reference Champault G, Patel JC, Bonnard AM. A double-blind trial of an extract of the plant Serenoa repens in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1984; 18: 461–2PubMedCrossRef Champault G, Patel JC, Bonnard AM. A double-blind trial of an extract of the plant Serenoa repens in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1984; 18: 461–2PubMedCrossRef
50.
go back to reference Berges RR, Windeler J, Trampisch H, et al. Randomised, placebo-controlled, double blind clinical trial of β-sitosterol in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. β-Sitosterol Study Group. Lancet 1995; 345: 1529–32PubMedCrossRef Berges RR, Windeler J, Trampisch H, et al. Randomised, placebo-controlled, double blind clinical trial of β-sitosterol in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. β-Sitosterol Study Group. Lancet 1995; 345: 1529–32PubMedCrossRef
51.
go back to reference Descotes JL, Rambeaud JJ, Deschaseaux P, et al. Placebo-controlled evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of Permixon® in benign prostatic hyperplasia after exclusion of placebo responders. Clin Drug Invest 1995; 9: 291–7CrossRef Descotes JL, Rambeaud JJ, Deschaseaux P, et al. Placebo-controlled evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of Permixon® in benign prostatic hyperplasia after exclusion of placebo responders. Clin Drug Invest 1995; 9: 291–7CrossRef
52.
go back to reference Carraro J-C, Raynaud J-P, Koch G, et al. Comparison of phytotherapy (Permixon®) with finasteride in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia: a randomized international study of 1,098 patients. Prostate 1996; 29: 231–40PubMedCrossRef Carraro J-C, Raynaud J-P, Koch G, et al. Comparison of phytotherapy (Permixon®) with finasteride in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia: a randomized international study of 1,098 patients. Prostate 1996; 29: 231–40PubMedCrossRef
53.
go back to reference Wilt TJ, Ishani A, Stark G, et al. Saw palmetto extracts for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review. JAMA 1998; 280: 1604–9PubMedCrossRef Wilt TJ, Ishani A, Stark G, et al. Saw palmetto extracts for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review. JAMA 1998; 280: 1604–9PubMedCrossRef
54.
go back to reference Wilt TJ, MacDonald R, Ishani A. β-Sitosterol for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review. BJU Int 1999; 83: 976–83PubMedCrossRef Wilt TJ, MacDonald R, Ishani A. β-Sitosterol for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review. BJU Int 1999; 83: 976–83PubMedCrossRef
55.
go back to reference MacDonald R, Ishani A, Rutks I, et al. A systematic review of Cernilton for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. BJU Int 1999; 85: 836–41CrossRef MacDonald R, Ishani A, Rutks I, et al. A systematic review of Cernilton for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. BJU Int 1999; 85: 836–41CrossRef
56.
go back to reference Lepor H, Sypherd D, Machi G, et al. Randomized double-blind study comparing the effectiveness of balloon dilation of the prostate and cystoscopy for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 1992; 147: 639–44PubMed Lepor H, Sypherd D, Machi G, et al. Randomized double-blind study comparing the effectiveness of balloon dilation of the prostate and cystoscopy for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 1992; 147: 639–44PubMed
57.
go back to reference Donatucci CF, Berger N, Kreder KJ, et al. Randomized clinical trial comparing balloon dilatation to transurethral resection of prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1993; 42: 42–9PubMedCrossRef Donatucci CF, Berger N, Kreder KJ, et al. Randomized clinical trial comparing balloon dilatation to transurethral resection of prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1993; 42: 42–9PubMedCrossRef
58.
go back to reference Chiou RK, Binard JE, Ebersole ME, et al. Randomized comparison of balloon dilation and transurethral incision for treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Endourol 1994; 8: 221–4PubMedCrossRef Chiou RK, Binard JE, Ebersole ME, et al. Randomized comparison of balloon dilation and transurethral incision for treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Endourol 1994; 8: 221–4PubMedCrossRef
59.
go back to reference Saporta L, Aridogan IA, Erlich N, et al. Objective and subjective comparison of transurethral resection, transurethral incision and balloon dilatation of the prostate: a prospective study. Eur Urol 1996; 29: 439–45PubMed Saporta L, Aridogan IA, Erlich N, et al. Objective and subjective comparison of transurethral resection, transurethral incision and balloon dilatation of the prostate: a prospective study. Eur Urol 1996; 29: 439–45PubMed
60.
go back to reference Montorsi F, Galli L, Guazzoni G, et al. Transrectal microwave hyperthermia for benign prostatic hyperplasia: long-term clinical, pathological and ultrastructural patterns. J Urol 1992; 148: 321–5PubMed Montorsi F, Galli L, Guazzoni G, et al. Transrectal microwave hyperthermia for benign prostatic hyperplasia: long-term clinical, pathological and ultrastructural patterns. J Urol 1992; 148: 321–5PubMed
61.
go back to reference Venn SN, Montgomery BSI, Sheppard SA, et al. Microwave hyperthermia in benign prostatic hypertrophy: a controlled clinical trial. Br J Urol 1995; 76: 73–6PubMed Venn SN, Montgomery BSI, Sheppard SA, et al. Microwave hyperthermia in benign prostatic hypertrophy: a controlled clinical trial. Br J Urol 1995; 76: 73–6PubMed
62.
go back to reference Abbou C-C, Payan C, Viens-Bitker C, et al. Transrectal and transurethral hyperthermia versus sham treatment in benign prostatic hyperplasia: a double-blind randomized multicentre clinical trial. Br J Urol 1995; 76: 619–24PubMedCrossRef Abbou C-C, Payan C, Viens-Bitker C, et al. Transrectal and transurethral hyperthermia versus sham treatment in benign prostatic hyperplasia: a double-blind randomized multicentre clinical trial. Br J Urol 1995; 76: 619–24PubMedCrossRef
63.
go back to reference Montorsi F, Guazzoni G, Rigatti P, et al. Is there a role for transrectal microwave hyperthermia in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia? A critical review of a six-year experience. J Endourol 1995; 9: 333–7PubMedCrossRef Montorsi F, Guazzoni G, Rigatti P, et al. Is there a role for transrectal microwave hyperthermia in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia? A critical review of a six-year experience. J Endourol 1995; 9: 333–7PubMedCrossRef
64.
go back to reference Fitzpatrick JM. A critical evaluation of technological innovations in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Urol 1998; 81 Suppl. 1: 56–63PubMed Fitzpatrick JM. A critical evaluation of technological innovations in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Urol 1998; 81 Suppl. 1: 56–63PubMed
65.
go back to reference Orandi A. Transurethral incision of the prostate. J Urol 1973; 110: 229–31PubMed Orandi A. Transurethral incision of the prostate. J Urol 1973; 110: 229–31PubMed
66.
go back to reference Orandi A. A new method for treating prostatic hypertrophy [comment]. Geriatrics 1978; 33 (6): 58–60, 64-5PubMed Orandi A. A new method for treating prostatic hypertrophy [comment]. Geriatrics 1978; 33 (6): 58–60, 64-5PubMed
67.
go back to reference Edwards L, Powell C. An objective comparison of transurethral resection and bladder neck incision in the treatment of prostatic hypertrophy. J Urol 1982; 128: 325–7PubMed Edwards L, Powell C. An objective comparison of transurethral resection and bladder neck incision in the treatment of prostatic hypertrophy. J Urol 1982; 128: 325–7PubMed
68.
go back to reference Edwards LE, Bucknall TE, Pittam MR, et al. Transurethral resection of the prostate and bladder neck incision: a review of 700 cases. Br J Urol 1985; 57: 168–71PubMedCrossRef Edwards LE, Bucknall TE, Pittam MR, et al. Transurethral resection of the prostate and bladder neck incision: a review of 700 cases. Br J Urol 1985; 57: 168–71PubMedCrossRef
69.
go back to reference Hellström P, Lukkarinen O, Kontturi M. Bladder neck incision or transurethral electroresection for the treatment of urinary obstruction caused by a small benign prostate? A randomized urodynamic study. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1986; 20: 187–92PubMedCrossRef Hellström P, Lukkarinen O, Kontturi M. Bladder neck incision or transurethral electroresection for the treatment of urinary obstruction caused by a small benign prostate? A randomized urodynamic study. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1986; 20: 187–92PubMedCrossRef
70.
go back to reference Li MK, Ng ASM. Bladder neck resection and transurethral resection of the prostate: a randomized prospective trial. J Urol 1987; 138: 807–9PubMed Li MK, Ng ASM. Bladder neck resection and transurethral resection of the prostate: a randomized prospective trial. J Urol 1987; 138: 807–9PubMed
71.
go back to reference Orandi A. Transurethral incision of prostate compared with transurethral resection of prostate in 132 matching cases. J Urol 1987; 138: 810–5PubMed Orandi A. Transurethral incision of prostate compared with transurethral resection of prostate in 132 matching cases. J Urol 1987; 138: 810–5PubMed
72.
go back to reference Dørflinger T, Øster M, Larsen JF, et al. Transurethral prostatectomy or incision of the prostate in the treatment of prostatism caused by small benign prostates. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl. 1987; 104: 77–81PubMed Dørflinger T, Øster M, Larsen JF, et al. Transurethral prostatectomy or incision of the prostate in the treatment of prostatism caused by small benign prostates. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl. 1987; 104: 77–81PubMed
73.
go back to reference Christensen MM, Aagaard J, Madsen PO. Transurethral resection versus transurethral incision of the prostate: a prospective randomized study. Urol Clin North Am 1990; 17: 621–30PubMed Christensen MM, Aagaard J, Madsen PO. Transurethral resection versus transurethral incision of the prostate: a prospective randomized study. Urol Clin North Am 1990; 17: 621–30PubMed
74.
go back to reference Soonawalla PF, Pardanani DS. Transurethral incision versus transurethral resection of the prostate: a subjective and objective analysis. Br J Urol 1992; 70: 174–7PubMedCrossRef Soonawalla PF, Pardanani DS. Transurethral incision versus transurethral resection of the prostate: a subjective and objective analysis. Br J Urol 1992; 70: 174–7PubMedCrossRef
75.
go back to reference Dørflinger T, Jensen FS, Krarup T, et al. Transurethral prostatectomy compared with incision of the prostate in the treatment of prostatism caused by small benign prostate glands. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1992; 26: 333–8PubMedCrossRef Dørflinger T, Jensen FS, Krarup T, et al. Transurethral prostatectomy compared with incision of the prostate in the treatment of prostatism caused by small benign prostate glands. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1992; 26: 333–8PubMedCrossRef
76.
go back to reference Sirls LT, Ganabathi K, Zimmern PE, et al. Transurethral incision of the prostate: an objective and subjective evaluation of long-term efficacy. J Urol 1993; 150: 1615–21PubMed Sirls LT, Ganabathi K, Zimmern PE, et al. Transurethral incision of the prostate: an objective and subjective evaluation of long-term efficacy. J Urol 1993; 150: 1615–21PubMed
77.
go back to reference Riehmann M, Knes JM, Heisey D, et al. Transurethral resection versus incision of the prostate: a randomized, prospective study. Urology 1995; 45: 768–75PubMedCrossRef Riehmann M, Knes JM, Heisey D, et al. Transurethral resection versus incision of the prostate: a randomized, prospective study. Urology 1995; 45: 768–75PubMedCrossRef
78.
go back to reference Barham CP, Pocock RD, James ED. Who needs a prostatectomy? Review of a waiting list. Br J Urol 1993; 72: 314–7PubMed Barham CP, Pocock RD, James ED. Who needs a prostatectomy? Review of a waiting list. Br J Urol 1993; 72: 314–7PubMed
79.
go back to reference Garraway WM, Armstrong C, Auld S, et al. Follow-up of a cohort of men with untreated benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eur Urol 1993; 24: 313–8PubMed Garraway WM, Armstrong C, Auld S, et al. Follow-up of a cohort of men with untreated benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eur Urol 1993; 24: 313–8PubMed
80.
go back to reference Barry MJ, Fowler Jr FJ, Bin L, et al. The natural history of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia as diagnosed by North American urologists. J Urol 1997; 157: 10–5PubMedCrossRef Barry MJ, Fowler Jr FJ, Bin L, et al. The natural history of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia as diagnosed by North American urologists. J Urol 1997; 157: 10–5PubMedCrossRef
81.
go back to reference Jacobsen SJ, Girman CJ, Guess HA, et al. Natural history of prostatism: longitudinal changes in voiding symptoms in community dwelling men. J Urol 1996; 155: 595–600PubMedCrossRef Jacobsen SJ, Girman CJ, Guess HA, et al. Natural history of prostatism: longitudinal changes in voiding symptoms in community dwelling men. J Urol 1996; 155: 595–600PubMedCrossRef
82.
go back to reference Roehrborn CG. The placebo effect in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. In: Kirby R, McConnell JD, Fitzpatrick JM, et al., editors. Textbook of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Oxford: Isis Medical Media Ltd, 1996: 239–58 Roehrborn CG. The placebo effect in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. In: Kirby R, McConnell JD, Fitzpatrick JM, et al., editors. Textbook of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Oxford: Isis Medical Media Ltd, 1996: 239–58
83.
go back to reference Nickel JC. Placebo therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a 25-month study. Canadian PROSPECT Study Group. Br J Urol 1998; 81: 383–7PubMedCrossRef Nickel JC. Placebo therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a 25-month study. Canadian PROSPECT Study Group. Br J Urol 1998; 81: 383–7PubMedCrossRef
84.
go back to reference Sech SM, Montoya JD, Bernier PA, et al. The so-called ‘placebo effect’ in benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment trials represents partially a conditional regression to the mean induced by censoring. Urology 1998; 51: 242–50PubMedCrossRef Sech SM, Montoya JD, Bernier PA, et al. The so-called ‘placebo effect’ in benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment trials represents partially a conditional regression to the mean induced by censoring. Urology 1998; 51: 242–50PubMedCrossRef
85.
go back to reference Stoevelaar HJ, Redekop WK. Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: an update of the AHCPR clinical practice guideline. Rotterdam: Erasmus University, 1998 Stoevelaar HJ, Redekop WK. Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: an update of the AHCPR clinical practice guideline. Rotterdam: Erasmus University, 1998
86.
go back to reference Wasson JH, Reda DJ, Bruskewitz RC, et al. A comparison of transurethral surgery with watchful waiting for moderate symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Transurethral Resection of the Prostate. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 75–9PubMedCrossRef Wasson JH, Reda DJ, Bruskewitz RC, et al. A comparison of transurethral surgery with watchful waiting for moderate symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Transurethral Resection of the Prostate. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 75–9PubMedCrossRef
87.
go back to reference Flanigan RC, Reda DJ, Wasson JH, et al. 5-Year outcome of surgical resection and watchful waiting for men with moderately symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: a Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study. J Urol 1998; 160: 12–7PubMedCrossRef Flanigan RC, Reda DJ, Wasson JH, et al. 5-Year outcome of surgical resection and watchful waiting for men with moderately symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: a Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study. J Urol 1998; 160: 12–7PubMedCrossRef
88.
go back to reference Buzelin JM, Fonteyne E, Kontturi M, et al. Comparison of tamsulosin with alfuzosin in the treatment of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of bladder outlet obstruction (symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia). European Tamsulosin Study Group. Br J Urol 1997; 80: 597–605PubMedCrossRef Buzelin JM, Fonteyne E, Kontturi M, et al. Comparison of tamsulosin with alfuzosin in the treatment of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of bladder outlet obstruction (symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia). European Tamsulosin Study Group. Br J Urol 1997; 80: 597–605PubMedCrossRef
89.
go back to reference Lee E, Lee C. Clinical comparison of selective and non-selective α1A-adrenoreceptor antagonists in benign prostatic hyperplasia: studies on tamsulosin in a fixed dose and terazosin in increasing doses. Br J Urol 1997; 80: 606–11PubMedCrossRef Lee E, Lee C. Clinical comparison of selective and non-selective α1A-adrenoreceptor antagonists in benign prostatic hyperplasia: studies on tamsulosin in a fixed dose and terazosin in increasing doses. Br J Urol 1997; 80: 606–11PubMedCrossRef
90.
go back to reference Djavan B, Marberger M. A meta-analysis on the efficacy and tolerability of α1-adrenoreceptor antagonists in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction. Eur Urol 1999; 36: 1–13PubMedCrossRef Djavan B, Marberger M. A meta-analysis on the efficacy and tolerability of α1-adrenoreceptor antagonists in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction. Eur Urol 1999; 36: 1–13PubMedCrossRef
91.
go back to reference Okada H, Kamidono S, Yoshioka T, et al. A comparative study of terazosin and tamsulosin for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia in Japanese patients. BJU Int 2000; 85: 676–81PubMedCrossRef Okada H, Kamidono S, Yoshioka T, et al. A comparative study of terazosin and tamsulosin for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia in Japanese patients. BJU Int 2000; 85: 676–81PubMedCrossRef
92.
go back to reference Lepor H, Williford WO, Barry MJ, et al. The efficacy of terazosin, finasteride, or both in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Studies Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Study Group. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 533–9PubMedCrossRef Lepor H, Williford WO, Barry MJ, et al. The efficacy of terazosin, finasteride, or both in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Studies Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Study Group. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 533–9PubMedCrossRef
93.
go back to reference Roehrborn CG. Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials of finasteride. Urology 1998; 51 Suppl. 4A: 46–9PubMedCrossRef Roehrborn CG. Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials of finasteride. Urology 1998; 51 Suppl. 4A: 46–9PubMedCrossRef
94.
go back to reference Dahlstrand C, Waldén M, Geirsson G, et al. Transurethral microwave thermotherapy versus transurethral resection for symptomatic benign prostatic obstruction: a prospective randomized study with a 2-year follow-up. Br J Urol 1995; 76: 614–8PubMedCrossRef Dahlstrand C, Waldén M, Geirsson G, et al. Transurethral microwave thermotherapy versus transurethral resection for symptomatic benign prostatic obstruction: a prospective randomized study with a 2-year follow-up. Br J Urol 1995; 76: 614–8PubMedCrossRef
95.
go back to reference D’Ancona FCH, Francisca EAE, Witjes WPJ, et al. High energy thermotherapy versus transurethral resection in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of a prospective randomized study with 1 year of follow-up. J Urol 1997; 158: 120–5PubMedCrossRef D’Ancona FCH, Francisca EAE, Witjes WPJ, et al. High energy thermotherapy versus transurethral resection in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of a prospective randomized study with 1 year of follow-up. J Urol 1997; 158: 120–5PubMedCrossRef
96.
go back to reference Ahmed M, Bell T, Lawrence WT, et al. Transurethral microwave thermotherapy (Prostatron™ version 2.5) compared with transurethral resection of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized, controlled, parallel study. Br J Urol 1997; 79: 181–5PubMedCrossRef Ahmed M, Bell T, Lawrence WT, et al. Transurethral microwave thermotherapy (Prostatron™ version 2.5) compared with transurethral resection of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized, controlled, parallel study. Br J Urol 1997; 79: 181–5PubMedCrossRef
97.
go back to reference Cowles III RS, Kabalin JN, Childs S, et al. A prospective randomized comparison of transurethral resection to visual laser ablation of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1995; 46: 155–60PubMedCrossRef Cowles III RS, Kabalin JN, Childs S, et al. A prospective randomized comparison of transurethral resection to visual laser ablation of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1995; 46: 155–60PubMedCrossRef
98.
go back to reference Anson K, Nawrocki J, Buckley J, et al. A multicenter, randomized, prospective study of endoscopic laser ablation versus transurethral resection of the prostate. Urology 1995; 46: 305–10PubMedCrossRef Anson K, Nawrocki J, Buckley J, et al. A multicenter, randomized, prospective study of endoscopic laser ablation versus transurethral resection of the prostate. Urology 1995; 46: 305–10PubMedCrossRef
99.
go back to reference Jung P, Mattelaer P, Wolff JM, et al. Visual laser ablation of the prostate: efficacy evaluated by urodynamics and compared to TURP. Eur Urol 1996; 30: 418–23PubMed Jung P, Mattelaer P, Wolff JM, et al. Visual laser ablation of the prostate: efficacy evaluated by urodynamics and compared to TURP. Eur Urol 1996; 30: 418–23PubMed
100.
go back to reference Horninger W, Janetschek G, Watson G, et al. Are contact laser, interstitial laser, and transurethral ultrasound-guided laserinduced prostatectomy superior to transurethral prostatectomy? Prostate 1997; 31: 255–63PubMedCrossRef Horninger W, Janetschek G, Watson G, et al. Are contact laser, interstitial laser, and transurethral ultrasound-guided laserinduced prostatectomy superior to transurethral prostatectomy? Prostate 1997; 31: 255–63PubMedCrossRef
101.
go back to reference Keoghane SR, Cranston DW, Lawrence KC, et al. The Oxford Laser Prostate Trial: a double-blind randomized controlled trial of contact vaporization of the prostate against transurethral resection; preliminary results. Br J Urol 1996; 77: 382–5PubMedCrossRef Keoghane SR, Cranston DW, Lawrence KC, et al. The Oxford Laser Prostate Trial: a double-blind randomized controlled trial of contact vaporization of the prostate against transurethral resection; preliminary results. Br J Urol 1996; 77: 382–5PubMedCrossRef
102.
go back to reference Tuhkanen K, Heino A, Ala-Opas M. Contact laser prostatectomy compared to TURP in prostatic hyperplasia smaller than 40 ml: six-month follow-up with complex urodynamic assessment. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1999; 33: 31–4PubMed Tuhkanen K, Heino A, Ala-Opas M. Contact laser prostatectomy compared to TURP in prostatic hyperplasia smaller than 40 ml: six-month follow-up with complex urodynamic assessment. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1999; 33: 31–4PubMed
103.
go back to reference Carter A, Sells H, Speakman M, et al. A prospective randomized controlled trial of hybrid laser treatment or transurethral resection of the prostate, with a 1-year follow-up. BJU Int 1999; 83: 254–9PubMedCrossRef Carter A, Sells H, Speakman M, et al. A prospective randomized controlled trial of hybrid laser treatment or transurethral resection of the prostate, with a 1-year follow-up. BJU Int 1999; 83: 254–9PubMedCrossRef
104.
go back to reference Tuhkanen K, Heino A, Alaopas M. Hybrid laser treatment compared with transurethral resection of the prostate for symptomatic bladder outlet obstruction caused by a large benign prostate: a prospective, randomized trial with a 6-month follow-up. BJU Int 1999; 84: 805–9PubMedCrossRef Tuhkanen K, Heino A, Alaopas M. Hybrid laser treatment compared with transurethral resection of the prostate for symptomatic bladder outlet obstruction caused by a large benign prostate: a prospective, randomized trial with a 6-month follow-up. BJU Int 1999; 84: 805–9PubMedCrossRef
105.
go back to reference Shingleton WB, Terrell F, Renfroe DL, et al. A randomized prospective study of laser ablation of the prostate versus transurethral resection of the prostate in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1999; 54: 1017–21PubMedCrossRef Shingleton WB, Terrell F, Renfroe DL, et al. A randomized prospective study of laser ablation of the prostate versus transurethral resection of the prostate in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1999; 54: 1017–21PubMedCrossRef
106.
go back to reference Gilling PJ, Mackey M, Cresswell M, et al. Holmium laser versus transurethral resection of the prostate: a randomized prospective trial with 1-year followup. J Urol 1999; 162: 1640–4PubMedCrossRef Gilling PJ, Mackey M, Cresswell M, et al. Holmium laser versus transurethral resection of the prostate: a randomized prospective trial with 1-year followup. J Urol 1999; 162: 1640–4PubMedCrossRef
107.
go back to reference Shokeir AA, Al-Sisi H, Farage YM, et al. Transurethral prostatectomy: a prospective randomized study of conventional resection and electrovaporization in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Urol 1997; 80: 570–4PubMedCrossRef Shokeir AA, Al-Sisi H, Farage YM, et al. Transurethral prostatectomy: a prospective randomized study of conventional resection and electrovaporization in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Urol 1997; 80: 570–4PubMedCrossRef
108.
go back to reference Kaplan SA, Laor E, Fatal M, et al. Transurethral resection of the prostate versus transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate: a blinded, prospective comparative study with 1-year followup. J Urol 1998; 159: 454–8PubMedCrossRef Kaplan SA, Laor E, Fatal M, et al. Transurethral resection of the prostate versus transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate: a blinded, prospective comparative study with 1-year followup. J Urol 1998; 159: 454–8PubMedCrossRef
109.
go back to reference Gallucci M, Puppo P, Perachino M, et al. Transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate vs transurethral resection: results of a multicentric, randomized clinical study on 150 patients. Eur Urol 1998; 33: 359–64PubMedCrossRef Gallucci M, Puppo P, Perachino M, et al. Transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate vs transurethral resection: results of a multicentric, randomized clinical study on 150 patients. Eur Urol 1998; 33: 359–64PubMedCrossRef
110.
go back to reference Küpeli S, Baltaci S, Soygür T, et al. A prospective randomized study of transurethral resection of the prostate and transurethral vaporization of the prostate as a therapeutic alternative in themanagement of men with BPH. Eur Urol 1998; 34: 15–8PubMedCrossRef Küpeli S, Baltaci S, Soygür T, et al. A prospective randomized study of transurethral resection of the prostate and transurethral vaporization of the prostate as a therapeutic alternative in themanagement of men with BPH. Eur Urol 1998; 34: 15–8PubMedCrossRef
111.
go back to reference Hammadeh MY, Fowlis GA, Singh M, et al. Transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate — a possible alternative to transurethral resection: a one-year follow-up of a prospective randomized trial. Br J Urol 1998; 81: 721–5PubMedCrossRef Hammadeh MY, Fowlis GA, Singh M, et al. Transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate — a possible alternative to transurethral resection: a one-year follow-up of a prospective randomized trial. Br J Urol 1998; 81: 721–5PubMedCrossRef
112.
go back to reference Ekengren J, Haendler L, Hahn RG. Clinical outcome 1 year after transurethral vaporization and resection of the prostate. Urology 2000; 55: 231–5PubMedCrossRef Ekengren J, Haendler L, Hahn RG. Clinical outcome 1 year after transurethral vaporization and resection of the prostate. Urology 2000; 55: 231–5PubMedCrossRef
113.
go back to reference Bruskewitz R, Issa MM, Roehrborn CG, et al. A prospective, randomized 1-year clinical trial comparing transurethral needle ablation to transurethral resection of the prostate for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 1998; 159: 1588–94PubMedCrossRef Bruskewitz R, Issa MM, Roehrborn CG, et al. A prospective, randomized 1-year clinical trial comparing transurethral needle ablation to transurethral resection of the prostate for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 1998; 159: 1588–94PubMedCrossRef
114.
go back to reference Djavan B Roehrborn CG, Shariat S, et al. Prospective randomized comparison of high energy transurethral microwave thermotherapy versus alpha-blocker treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 1999; 161: 139–43PubMedCrossRef Djavan B Roehrborn CG, Shariat S, et al. Prospective randomized comparison of high energy transurethral microwave thermotherapy versus alpha-blocker treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 1999; 161: 139–43PubMedCrossRef
115.
go back to reference Djavan B, Larson TR, Blute ML, et al. Transurethral microwave thermotherapy: what role should it play versus medical management in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia? Urology 1998; 52: 935–47PubMedCrossRef Djavan B, Larson TR, Blute ML, et al. Transurethral microwave thermotherapy: what role should it play versus medical management in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia? Urology 1998; 52: 935–47PubMedCrossRef
116.
go back to reference Costello AJ, Crowe HR, Jackson T, et al. A randomised single institution study comparing laser prostatectomy and transurethral resection of the prostate. Ann Acad Med Singapore 1995; 24: 700–4PubMed Costello AJ, Crowe HR, Jackson T, et al. A randomised single institution study comparing laser prostatectomy and transurethral resection of the prostate. Ann Acad Med Singapore 1995; 24: 700–4PubMed
117.
go back to reference Abrams P. In support of pressure-flow studies for evaluating men with lower urinary tract symptoms. Urology 1994; 44: 153–5PubMedCrossRef Abrams P. In support of pressure-flow studies for evaluating men with lower urinary tract symptoms. Urology 1994; 44: 153–5PubMedCrossRef
118.
go back to reference McConnell JD. Why pressure-flow studies should be optional and not mandatory studies for evaluating men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1994; 44: 156–8PubMedCrossRef McConnell JD. Why pressure-flow studies should be optional and not mandatory studies for evaluating men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1994; 44: 156–8PubMedCrossRef
119.
go back to reference Bosch JLHR. Urodynamic effects of various treatment modalities for benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 1997; 158: 2034–44PubMedCrossRef Bosch JLHR. Urodynamic effects of various treatment modalities for benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 1997; 158: 2034–44PubMedCrossRef
120.
go back to reference Madersbacher S, Marberger M. Is transurethral resection of the prostate still justified? BJU Int 1999; 83: 227–37PubMedCrossRef Madersbacher S, Marberger M. Is transurethral resection of the prostate still justified? BJU Int 1999; 83: 227–37PubMedCrossRef
121.
go back to reference Witjes WPJ, Robertson A, Rosier PFWM, et al. Urodynamic and clinical effects of noninvasive and minimally invasive treatments in elderly men with lower urinary tract symptoms stratified according to the grade of obstruction. Urology 1997; 50: 55–61PubMedCrossRef Witjes WPJ, Robertson A, Rosier PFWM, et al. Urodynamic and clinical effects of noninvasive and minimally invasive treatments in elderly men with lower urinary tract symptoms stratified according to the grade of obstruction. Urology 1997; 50: 55–61PubMedCrossRef
122.
go back to reference Jahnson S, Dalén M, Gustavsson G, et al. Transurethral incision versus resection of the prostate for small to medium benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Urol 1998; 81: 276–81PubMedCrossRef Jahnson S, Dalén M, Gustavsson G, et al. Transurethral incision versus resection of the prostate for small to medium benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Urol 1998; 81: 276–81PubMedCrossRef
123.
go back to reference Aagaard J, Jonler M, Fuglsig S, et al. Total transurethral resection versus minimal transurethral resection of the prostate — a 10-year follow-up study of urinary symptoms, uroflowmetry and residual volume. Br J Urol 1994; 74: 333–6PubMedCrossRef Aagaard J, Jonler M, Fuglsig S, et al. Total transurethral resection versus minimal transurethral resection of the prostate — a 10-year follow-up study of urinary symptoms, uroflowmetry and residual volume. Br J Urol 1994; 74: 333–6PubMedCrossRef
124.
go back to reference Ilkjær LB, Lund L, Nielsen TK. Outcome of transurethral prostatectomy in men over 80 years. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1998; 32: 270–2PubMedCrossRef Ilkjær LB, Lund L, Nielsen TK. Outcome of transurethral prostatectomy in men over 80 years. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1998; 32: 270–2PubMedCrossRef
125.
go back to reference Neykov KG, Panchev P, Georgiev M. Late results after transurethral bladder neck incision. Eur Urol 1998; 33: 73–8PubMedCrossRef Neykov KG, Panchev P, Georgiev M. Late results after transurethral bladder neck incision. Eur Urol 1998; 33: 73–8PubMedCrossRef
126.
go back to reference Andersen JT, Nickel JC, Marshall VR, et al. Finasteride significantly reduces acute urinary retention and need for surgery in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1997; 49: 839–45PubMedCrossRef Andersen JT, Nickel JC, Marshall VR, et al. Finasteride significantly reduces acute urinary retention and need for surgery in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1997; 49: 839–45PubMedCrossRef
127.
go back to reference McConnell JD, Bruskewitz R, Walsh P, et al. The effect of finasteride on the risk of acute urinary retention and the need for surgical treatment among men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Finasteride Long-Term Efficacy and Safety Study Group. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 557–63PubMedCrossRef McConnell JD, Bruskewitz R, Walsh P, et al. The effect of finasteride on the risk of acute urinary retention and the need for surgical treatment among men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Finasteride Long-Term Efficacy and Safety Study Group. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 557–63PubMedCrossRef
128.
go back to reference Hudson PB, Boake R, Trachtenberg J, et al. Efficacy of finasteride ismaintained in patientswith benign prostatic hyperplasia treated for 5 years. North American Finasteride Study Group. Urology 1999; 53: 690–5PubMedCrossRef Hudson PB, Boake R, Trachtenberg J, et al. Efficacy of finasteride ismaintained in patientswith benign prostatic hyperplasia treated for 5 years. North American Finasteride Study Group. Urology 1999; 53: 690–5PubMedCrossRef
129.
go back to reference De Wildt MJAM, D’Ancona FCH, Hubregtse M, et al. Three-year followup of patients treated with lower energy microwave thermotherapy. J Urol 1996; 156: 1959–63PubMedCrossRef De Wildt MJAM, D’Ancona FCH, Hubregtse M, et al. Three-year followup of patients treated with lower energy microwave thermotherapy. J Urol 1996; 156: 1959–63PubMedCrossRef
130.
go back to reference Hallin A, Berlin T. Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: clinical outcome after 4 years. J Urol 1998; 159: 459–64PubMedCrossRef Hallin A, Berlin T. Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: clinical outcome after 4 years. J Urol 1998; 159: 459–64PubMedCrossRef
131.
go back to reference Glass JM, Bdesha AS, Witherow RO. Microwave thermotherapy: a long-term follow-up of 67 patients froma single centre. Br J Urol 1998; 81 (3): 377–82PubMedCrossRef Glass JM, Bdesha AS, Witherow RO. Microwave thermotherapy: a long-term follow-up of 67 patients froma single centre. Br J Urol 1998; 81 (3): 377–82PubMedCrossRef
132.
go back to reference Lau KO, Li MK, Foo KT. Long-term follow-up of transurethral microwave thermotherapy. Urology 1998; 52: 829–33PubMedCrossRef Lau KO, Li MK, Foo KT. Long-term follow-up of transurethral microwave thermotherapy. Urology 1998; 52: 829–33PubMedCrossRef
133.
go back to reference Dæhlin L, Frugård J. Three-year follow-up after transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) for benign prostatic hyperplasia using the PRIMUS U + R device. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1999; 33: 217–21PubMedCrossRef Dæhlin L, Frugård J. Three-year follow-up after transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) for benign prostatic hyperplasia using the PRIMUS U + R device. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1999; 33: 217–21PubMedCrossRef
134.
go back to reference Keijzers GBJM, Francisca EAE, D’Ancona FCH, et al. Long-term results of lower energy transurethral microwave thermotherapy. J Urol 1998; 159: 1966–73PubMedCrossRef Keijzers GBJM, Francisca EAE, D’Ancona FCH, et al. Long-term results of lower energy transurethral microwave thermotherapy. J Urol 1998; 159: 1966–73PubMedCrossRef
135.
go back to reference Francisca EA, Keijzers GB, D’Ancona FC, et al. Lower-energy thermotherapy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: long-term follow-up results of a multicenter international study. World J Urol 1999; 17: 279–84PubMedCrossRef Francisca EA, Keijzers GB, D’Ancona FC, et al. Lower-energy thermotherapy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: long-term follow-up results of a multicenter international study. World J Urol 1999; 17: 279–84PubMedCrossRef
136.
go back to reference Chertin B, Moriel EZ, Hadas-Halperin I, et al. Laser prostatectomy: long-term follow-up of 303 patients. Eur Urol 1999; 35: 285–8PubMedCrossRef Chertin B, Moriel EZ, Hadas-Halperin I, et al. Laser prostatectomy: long-term follow-up of 303 patients. Eur Urol 1999; 35: 285–8PubMedCrossRef
137.
go back to reference Kabalin JN, Bite G, Doll S. Neodymium: YAG laser coagulation prostatectomy: 3 years of experience with 227 patients. J Urol 1996; 155: 181–5PubMedCrossRef Kabalin JN, Bite G, Doll S. Neodymium: YAG laser coagulation prostatectomy: 3 years of experience with 227 patients. J Urol 1996; 155: 181–5PubMedCrossRef
138.
go back to reference Keoghane SR, Lawrence KC, Gray AM, et al. A double-blind randomized controlled trial and economic evaluation of transurethral resection vs contact laser vaporization for benign prostatic enlargement: a 3-year follow-up. BJU Int 2000; 85: 74–8PubMedCrossRef Keoghane SR, Lawrence KC, Gray AM, et al. A double-blind randomized controlled trial and economic evaluation of transurethral resection vs contact laser vaporization for benign prostatic enlargement: a 3-year follow-up. BJU Int 2000; 85: 74–8PubMedCrossRef
139.
go back to reference Hammadeh MY, Madaan S, Singh M, et al. Two-year follow-up of a prospective randomised trial of electrovaporization versus resection of prostate. Eur Urol 1998; 34: 188–92PubMedCrossRef Hammadeh MY, Madaan S, Singh M, et al. Two-year follow-up of a prospective randomised trial of electrovaporization versus resection of prostate. Eur Urol 1998; 34: 188–92PubMedCrossRef
140.
go back to reference Steele GS, Sleep DJ. Transurethral needle ablation of the prostate: a urodynamic based study with 2-year follow up. J Urol 1997; 158: 1834–8PubMedCrossRef Steele GS, Sleep DJ. Transurethral needle ablation of the prostate: a urodynamic based study with 2-year follow up. J Urol 1997; 158: 1834–8PubMedCrossRef
141.
go back to reference Zwergel U, Wullich B, Lindenmeir U, et al. Long-term results following transurethral resection of the prostate. Eur Urol 1998; 33: 476–80PubMedCrossRef Zwergel U, Wullich B, Lindenmeir U, et al. Long-term results following transurethral resection of the prostate. Eur Urol 1998; 33: 476–80PubMedCrossRef
142.
go back to reference Borboroglu PG, Kane CJ, Ward JF, et al. Immediate and post-operative complications of transurethral prostatectomy in the 1990s. J Urol 1999; 162: 1307–10PubMedCrossRef Borboroglu PG, Kane CJ, Ward JF, et al. Immediate and post-operative complications of transurethral prostatectomy in the 1990s. J Urol 1999; 162: 1307–10PubMedCrossRef
143.
go back to reference Uchida T, Ohori M, Soh S, et al. Factors influencing morbidity in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate. Urology 1999; 53: 98–105PubMedCrossRef Uchida T, Ohori M, Soh S, et al. Factors influencing morbidity in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate. Urology 1999; 53: 98–105PubMedCrossRef
144.
go back to reference Melchior J, Valk WL, Foret JD, et al. Transurethral prostatectomy: computerized analysis of 2,223 consecutive cases. J Urol 1974; 112: 634–42PubMed Melchior J, Valk WL, Foret JD, et al. Transurethral prostatectomy: computerized analysis of 2,223 consecutive cases. J Urol 1974; 112: 634–42PubMed
145.
go back to reference Malenka DJ, Roos N, Fisher ES, et al. Further study of the increased mortality following transurethral prostatectomy: a chart-based analysis. J Urol 1990; 144: 224–8PubMed Malenka DJ, Roos N, Fisher ES, et al. Further study of the increased mortality following transurethral prostatectomy: a chart-based analysis. J Urol 1990; 144: 224–8PubMed
146.
go back to reference Andersen TF, Bronnum-Hansen H, Sejr T, et al. Elevated mortality following transurethral resection of the prostate for benign hypertrophy: but why? Med Care 1990; 28: 870–81PubMedCrossRef Andersen TF, Bronnum-Hansen H, Sejr T, et al. Elevated mortality following transurethral resection of the prostate for benign hypertrophy: but why? Med Care 1990; 28: 870–81PubMedCrossRef
147.
go back to reference Sidney S, Quesenberry Jr CP, Sadler MC, et al. Reoperation and mortality after surgical treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy in a large prepaid medical care program. Med Care 1992; 30: 117–25PubMedCrossRef Sidney S, Quesenberry Jr CP, Sadler MC, et al. Reoperation and mortality after surgical treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy in a large prepaid medical care program. Med Care 1992; 30: 117–25PubMedCrossRef
148.
go back to reference Concato J, Horwitz RI, Feinstein AR, et al. Problems of comorbidity in mortality after prostatectomy. JAMA 1992; 267: 1077–82PubMedCrossRef Concato J, Horwitz RI, Feinstein AR, et al. Problems of comorbidity in mortality after prostatectomy. JAMA 1992; 267: 1077–82PubMedCrossRef
149.
go back to reference Crowley AR, Horowitz M, Chan E, et al. Transurethral resection of the prostate versus open prostatectomy: long-term mortality comparison. J Urol 1995; 153: 695–7PubMedCrossRef Crowley AR, Horowitz M, Chan E, et al. Transurethral resection of the prostate versus open prostatectomy: long-term mortality comparison. J Urol 1995; 153: 695–7PubMedCrossRef
150.
go back to reference Krousel-Wood MA, Abdoh A, Re R. Comparing comorbid-illness indices assessing outcome variation: the case of prostatectomy. J Gen Intern Med 1996; 11: 32–8PubMedCrossRef Krousel-Wood MA, Abdoh A, Re R. Comparing comorbid-illness indices assessing outcome variation: the case of prostatectomy. J Gen Intern Med 1996; 11: 32–8PubMedCrossRef
151.
go back to reference Fuglsig S, Aagaard J, Jønler M, et al. Survival after transurethral resection of the prostate: a 10-year follow-up. J Urol 1994; 151: 637–9PubMed Fuglsig S, Aagaard J, Jønler M, et al. Survival after transurethral resection of the prostate: a 10-year follow-up. J Urol 1994; 151: 637–9PubMed
152.
go back to reference Cattolica EV, Sidney S, Sadler MC. The safety of transurethral prostatectomy: a cohort study of mortality in 9,416 men. J Urol 1997; 158: 102–4PubMedCrossRef Cattolica EV, Sidney S, Sadler MC. The safety of transurethral prostatectomy: a cohort study of mortality in 9,416 men. J Urol 1997; 158: 102–4PubMedCrossRef
153.
go back to reference Hargreave TB, Heynes CF, Kendrick SW, et al. Mortality after transurethral and open prostatectomy in Scotland. Br J Urol 1996; 77: 547–53PubMedCrossRef Hargreave TB, Heynes CF, Kendrick SW, et al. Mortality after transurethral and open prostatectomy in Scotland. Br J Urol 1996; 77: 547–53PubMedCrossRef
154.
go back to reference Kinn A-C, Helmy-Dhejne C, Larsson J. Sexual function one year after transurethral prostatic resection. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1998; 32: 33–5PubMedCrossRef Kinn A-C, Helmy-Dhejne C, Larsson J. Sexual function one year after transurethral prostatic resection. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1998; 32: 33–5PubMedCrossRef
155.
go back to reference Kunelius P, Häkkinen J, Lukkarinen O. Sexual functions in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia before and after transurethral resection of the prostate. Urol Res 1998; 26: 7–9PubMedCrossRef Kunelius P, Häkkinen J, Lukkarinen O. Sexual functions in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia before and after transurethral resection of the prostate. Urol Res 1998; 26: 7–9PubMedCrossRef
156.
go back to reference Sengör F, Köse O, Yücebas E, et al. A comparative study of laser ablation and transurethral electroresection for benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of a 6-month follow-up. Br J Urol 1996; 78: 398–400PubMedCrossRef Sengör F, Köse O, Yücebas E, et al. A comparative study of laser ablation and transurethral electroresection for benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of a 6-month follow-up. Br J Urol 1996; 78: 398–400PubMedCrossRef
157.
go back to reference Ekengren J, Hahn RG. Complications during transurethral vaporization of the prostate. Urology 1996; 48: 424–7PubMedCrossRef Ekengren J, Hahn RG. Complications during transurethral vaporization of the prostate. Urology 1996; 48: 424–7PubMedCrossRef
158.
go back to reference Kaplan SA, Santarosa RP, Te AE. Transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate: one-year experience. Urology 1996; 48: 876–81PubMedCrossRef Kaplan SA, Santarosa RP, Te AE. Transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate: one-year experience. Urology 1996; 48: 876–81PubMedCrossRef
159.
go back to reference Matos-Ferreira A, Varregoso J. Electrovaporization of the prostate in patients with benign prostatic enlargement. Br J Urol 1997; 80: 575–8PubMedCrossRef Matos-Ferreira A, Varregoso J. Electrovaporization of the prostate in patients with benign prostatic enlargement. Br J Urol 1997; 80: 575–8PubMedCrossRef
160.
go back to reference Kaplan SA, Te AE. A comparative study of transurethral resection of the prostate using a modified electro-vaporizing loop and transurethral laser vaporization of the prostate. J Urol 1995; 154: 1785–90PubMedCrossRef Kaplan SA, Te AE. A comparative study of transurethral resection of the prostate using a modified electro-vaporizing loop and transurethral laser vaporization of the prostate. J Urol 1995; 154: 1785–90PubMedCrossRef
161.
go back to reference Shingleton WB, Renfroe LD, Kolski JM, et al. A randomized prospective study of transurethral electrovaporization vs laser ablation of the prostate in men with benign prostatic hypertrophy. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1998; 32: 266–9PubMedCrossRef Shingleton WB, Renfroe LD, Kolski JM, et al. A randomized prospective study of transurethral electrovaporization vs laser ablation of the prostate in men with benign prostatic hypertrophy. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1998; 32: 266–9PubMedCrossRef
162.
go back to reference McCullough DL, Roth RA, Babayan RK, et al. Transurethral ultrasound-guided laser-induced prostatectomy: National Human Cooperative Study results. J Urol 1993; 150: 1607–11PubMed McCullough DL, Roth RA, Babayan RK, et al. Transurethral ultrasound-guided laser-induced prostatectomy: National Human Cooperative Study results. J Urol 1993; 150: 1607–11PubMed
163.
go back to reference Takahashi S, Homma Y, Minowada S, et al. Transurethral ultrasound-guided laser-induced prostatectomy (TULIP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia: clinical utility at one-year follow-up and imaging analysis. Urology 1994; 43: 802–8PubMedCrossRef Takahashi S, Homma Y, Minowada S, et al. Transurethral ultrasound-guided laser-induced prostatectomy (TULIP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia: clinical utility at one-year follow-up and imaging analysis. Urology 1994; 43: 802–8PubMedCrossRef
164.
go back to reference Bosch JLHR, Groen J, Schröder FH. Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia by transurethral ultrasound-guided laser-induced prostatectomy (TULIP): effects on urodynamic parameters and symptoms. Urology 1994; 44: 507–11PubMedCrossRef Bosch JLHR, Groen J, Schröder FH. Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia by transurethral ultrasound-guided laser-induced prostatectomy (TULIP): effects on urodynamic parameters and symptoms. Urology 1994; 44: 507–11PubMedCrossRef
165.
go back to reference Sengör F, Erdogan K, Tuzluoglu D. Neodymium: YAG visual laser ablation of the prostate. Eur Urol 1996; 29: 446–9PubMed Sengör F, Erdogan K, Tuzluoglu D. Neodymium: YAG visual laser ablation of the prostate. Eur Urol 1996; 29: 446–9PubMed
166.
go back to reference Gilling PJ, Cass CB, Malcolm A, et al. Holmium laser resection of the prostate versus neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet visual laser ablation of the prostate: a randomized prospective comparison of two techniques for laser prostatectomy. Urology 1998; 51: 573–7PubMedCrossRef Gilling PJ, Cass CB, Malcolm A, et al. Holmium laser resection of the prostate versus neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet visual laser ablation of the prostate: a randomized prospective comparison of two techniques for laser prostatectomy. Urology 1998; 51: 573–7PubMedCrossRef
167.
go back to reference Roehrborn CG, Issa MM, Bruskewitz RC, et al. Transurethral needle ablation for benign prostatic hyperplasia: 12-month results of a prospective, multicenter U.S. study. Urology 1998; 51: 415–21PubMedCrossRef Roehrborn CG, Issa MM, Bruskewitz RC, et al. Transurethral needle ablation for benign prostatic hyperplasia: 12-month results of a prospective, multicenter U.S. study. Urology 1998; 51: 415–21PubMedCrossRef
168.
go back to reference Marteinsson VT, Due J. Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for uncomplicated benign prostatic hyperplasia: a prospective study with emphasis on symptomatic improvement and complications. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1994; 28: 83–9PubMedCrossRef Marteinsson VT, Due J. Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for uncomplicated benign prostatic hyperplasia: a prospective study with emphasis on symptomatic improvement and complications. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1994; 28: 83–9PubMedCrossRef
169.
go back to reference De la Rosette JJMCH, De Wildt MJAM, Höfner K, et al. High-energy thermotherapy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of the European BPH Study Group. J Urol 1996; 156: 97–102PubMedCrossRef De la Rosette JJMCH, De Wildt MJAM, Höfner K, et al. High-energy thermotherapy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of the European BPH Study Group. J Urol 1996; 156: 97–102PubMedCrossRef
170.
go back to reference De Wildt MJ, Debruyne FM, De la Rosette JJ. High-energy transurethral microwave thermotherapy: a thermoablative treatment for benign prostatic obstruction. Urology 1996; 48 (3): 416–23PubMedCrossRef De Wildt MJ, Debruyne FM, De la Rosette JJ. High-energy transurethral microwave thermotherapy: a thermoablative treatment for benign prostatic obstruction. Urology 1996; 48 (3): 416–23PubMedCrossRef
171.
go back to reference Gormley GJ, Stoner E, Bruskewitz RC, et al. The effect of finasteride in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Finasteride Study Group. N Engl J Med 1992; 327: 1185–91PubMedCrossRef Gormley GJ, Stoner E, Bruskewitz RC, et al. The effect of finasteride in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Finasteride Study Group. N Engl J Med 1992; 327: 1185–91PubMedCrossRef
172.
go back to reference Finasteride Study Group. Finasteride (MK-906) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate 1993; 22: 291–9CrossRef Finasteride Study Group. Finasteride (MK-906) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate 1993; 22: 291–9CrossRef
173.
go back to reference Nickel JC, Fradet Y, Boake RC, et al. Efficacy and safety of finasteride therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of a 2-year randomized controlled trial (the PROSPECT study). PROSPECT Study Group. Can Med Assoc J 1996; 155: 1251–9 Nickel JC, Fradet Y, Boake RC, et al. Efficacy and safety of finasteride therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of a 2-year randomized controlled trial (the PROSPECT study). PROSPECT Study Group. Can Med Assoc J 1996; 155: 1251–9
174.
go back to reference Marberger MJ. Long-term effects of finasteride in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a double-blind placebo-controlled, multicenter study. PROWESS Study Group. Urology 1998; 51: 677–86PubMedCrossRef Marberger MJ. Long-term effects of finasteride in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a double-blind placebo-controlled, multicenter study. PROWESS Study Group. Urology 1998; 51: 677–86PubMedCrossRef
175.
go back to reference Ware J, Sherbourne C. The MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care 1992; 30: 473–83PubMedCrossRef Ware J, Sherbourne C. The MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care 1992; 30: 473–83PubMedCrossRef
176.
go back to reference EuroQol Group. EuroQol: a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Policy 1990; 16: 199–208CrossRef EuroQol Group. EuroQol: a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Policy 1990; 16: 199–208CrossRef
177.
go back to reference Girman CJ, Jacobsen SJ, Tsukamoto T, et al. Health-related quality of life associated with lower urinary tract symptoms in four countries. Urology 1998; 51: 428–36PubMedCrossRef Girman CJ, Jacobsen SJ, Tsukamoto T, et al. Health-related quality of life associated with lower urinary tract symptoms in four countries. Urology 1998; 51: 428–36PubMedCrossRef
178.
go back to reference Roberts RO, Jacobsen SJ, Rhodes T, et al. Natural history of prostatism: impaired health states in men with lower urinary tract symptoms. J Urol 1997; 157: 1711–7PubMedCrossRef Roberts RO, Jacobsen SJ, Rhodes T, et al. Natural history of prostatism: impaired health states in men with lower urinary tract symptoms. J Urol 1997; 157: 1711–7PubMedCrossRef
179.
go back to reference Fowler Jr FJ, Barry MJ. Quality of life assessment for evaluating benign prostatic hyperplasia treatments. Eur Urol 1993; 24 Suppl. 1: 24–7PubMed Fowler Jr FJ, Barry MJ. Quality of life assessment for evaluating benign prostatic hyperplasia treatments. Eur Urol 1993; 24 Suppl. 1: 24–7PubMed
180.
go back to reference Barry MJ, Fowler Jr FJ, O’Leary MP, et al. Measuring disease-specific health status in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Med Care 1995; 33 (4 Suppl.): AS145–AS155PubMed Barry MJ, Fowler Jr FJ, O’Leary MP, et al. Measuring disease-specific health status in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Med Care 1995; 33 (4 Suppl.): AS145–AS155PubMed
181.
go back to reference Jenkinson C, Gray A, Doll H, et al. Evaluation of index and profile measures of health status in a randomized controlled trial: comparison of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form Health Survey, EuroQol, and disease specific measures. Med Care 1997; 35: 1109–18PubMedCrossRef Jenkinson C, Gray A, Doll H, et al. Evaluation of index and profile measures of health status in a randomized controlled trial: comparison of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form Health Survey, EuroQol, and disease specific measures. Med Care 1997; 35: 1109–18PubMedCrossRef
182.
go back to reference Rhodes PR, Krogh RH, Bruskewitz RC. Impact of drug therapy on benign prostatic hyperplasia-specific quality of life. Urology 1999; 53: 1090–8PubMedCrossRef Rhodes PR, Krogh RH, Bruskewitz RC. Impact of drug therapy on benign prostatic hyperplasia-specific quality of life. Urology 1999; 53: 1090–8PubMedCrossRef
183.
184.
go back to reference Goluboff ET, Olsson CA. Urologists on a tightrope: coping with a changing economy. J Urol 1994; 151: 1–4PubMed Goluboff ET, Olsson CA. Urologists on a tightrope: coping with a changing economy. J Urol 1994; 151: 1–4PubMed
185.
go back to reference Jacobsen SJ, Girman CJ, Guess HA, et al. New diagnostic treatment guidelines for benign prostatic hyperplasia: potential impact in the United States. Arch Intern Med 1995; 155: 477–81PubMedCrossRef Jacobsen SJ, Girman CJ, Guess HA, et al. New diagnostic treatment guidelines for benign prostatic hyperplasia: potential impact in the United States. Arch Intern Med 1995; 155: 477–81PubMedCrossRef
186.
go back to reference Holtgrewe HL, Ackermann R, Bay-Nielsen R, et al. Report from the Committee on the Economics of BPH. In: Cockett ATK, Khoury S, Aso Y, et al., editors. Proceedings of the 3rd International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH); 1995 Jun 26–28: Monaco. Jersey: Scientific Communication International Ltd, 1996: 53–70 Holtgrewe HL, Ackermann R, Bay-Nielsen R, et al. Report from the Committee on the Economics of BPH. In: Cockett ATK, Khoury S, Aso Y, et al., editors. Proceedings of the 3rd International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH); 1995 Jun 26–28: Monaco. Jersey: Scientific Communication International Ltd, 1996: 53–70
187.
go back to reference Weis KA, Epstein RS, Huse DM, et al. The costs of prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate 1993; 22: 325–34PubMedCrossRef Weis KA, Epstein RS, Huse DM, et al. The costs of prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate 1993; 22: 325–34PubMedCrossRef
188.
go back to reference Wilde MI, Goa KL. Finasteride: an update of its use in the management of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Drugs 1999; 57: 557–81PubMedCrossRef Wilde MI, Goa KL. Finasteride: an update of its use in the management of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Drugs 1999; 57: 557–81PubMedCrossRef
189.
go back to reference Chapple CR, Issa MM, Woo H. Transurethral needle ablation (TUNA™): a critical review of radiofrequency thermal therapy in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eur Urol 1999; 35: 119–28PubMedCrossRef Chapple CR, Issa MM, Woo H. Transurethral needle ablation (TUNA™): a critical review of radiofrequency thermal therapy in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eur Urol 1999; 35: 119–28PubMedCrossRef
190.
go back to reference Dixon CM, Theune C. Evaluating the cost of lasers for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Endourol 1995; 9: 189–93PubMedCrossRef Dixon CM, Theune C. Evaluating the cost of lasers for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Endourol 1995; 9: 189–93PubMedCrossRef
191.
go back to reference Holtgrewe HL, Ackermann R, Bay-Nielsen H, et al. The economics of BPH. In: Cockett ATK, Khoury S, Aso Y, et al., editors. Proceedings of the 2nd International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH); 1993 Jun 27–30: Paris. Jersey: Scientific Communication International Ltd, 1993: 35–45 Holtgrewe HL, Ackermann R, Bay-Nielsen H, et al. The economics of BPH. In: Cockett ATK, Khoury S, Aso Y, et al., editors. Proceedings of the 2nd International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH); 1993 Jun 27–30: Paris. Jersey: Scientific Communication International Ltd, 1993: 35–45
192.
go back to reference Waldén M, Acosta S, Carlsson P, et al. A cost-effectiveness analysis of transurethral resection of the prostate and transurethral microwave thermotherapy for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: two-year follow-up. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1998; 32: 204–10PubMedCrossRef Waldén M, Acosta S, Carlsson P, et al. A cost-effectiveness analysis of transurethral resection of the prostate and transurethral microwave thermotherapy for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: two-year follow-up. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1998; 32: 204–10PubMedCrossRef
193.
go back to reference Keoghane SR, Lawrence KC, Gray AM, et al. The Oxford Laser Prostate Trial: economic issues surrounding contact laser prostatectomy. Br J Urol 1996; 77: 386–90PubMedCrossRef Keoghane SR, Lawrence KC, Gray AM, et al. The Oxford Laser Prostate Trial: economic issues surrounding contact laser prostatectomy. Br J Urol 1996; 77: 386–90PubMedCrossRef
194.
go back to reference Hillman AL, Schwartz JS, Willian MK, et al. The cost-effectiveness of terazosin and placebo in the treatment of moderate to severe benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1996; 47: 169–78PubMedCrossRef Hillman AL, Schwartz JS, Willian MK, et al. The cost-effectiveness of terazosin and placebo in the treatment of moderate to severe benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1996; 47: 169–78PubMedCrossRef
195.
go back to reference Lanes SF, Sulsky S, Walker AM, et al. A cost density analysis of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Clin Ther 1996; 18: 993–1004PubMedCrossRef Lanes SF, Sulsky S, Walker AM, et al. A cost density analysis of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Clin Ther 1996; 18: 993–1004PubMedCrossRef
196.
go back to reference Kabalin JN, Butler ED. Costs of minimally invasive laser surgery compared with transurethral electrocautery resection of the prostate. West J Med 1995; 162: 426–9PubMed Kabalin JN, Butler ED. Costs of minimally invasive laser surgery compared with transurethral electrocautery resection of the prostate. West J Med 1995; 162: 426–9PubMed
197.
go back to reference Mueller EJ, Zeidman EJ, Desmond PM, et al. Reduction of length of stay and cost of transurethral resection of the prostate by early catheter removal. Br J Urol 1996; 78: 893–6PubMedCrossRef Mueller EJ, Zeidman EJ, Desmond PM, et al. Reduction of length of stay and cost of transurethral resection of the prostate by early catheter removal. Br J Urol 1996; 78: 893–6PubMedCrossRef
198.
go back to reference Chang PL, Huang ST, Wang TM, et al. Improvements in the efficiency of care after implementing a clinical-care pathway for transurethral prostatectomy. Br J Urol 1998: 81: 394–7PubMedCrossRef Chang PL, Huang ST, Wang TM, et al. Improvements in the efficiency of care after implementing a clinical-care pathway for transurethral prostatectomy. Br J Urol 1998: 81: 394–7PubMedCrossRef
199.
go back to reference Lowe FC, McDaniel RL, Chmiel JJ, et al. Economic modeling to assess the costs of treatment with finasteride, terazosin, and transurethral resection of the prostate for men with moderate to severe symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1995; 46: 477–83PubMedCrossRef Lowe FC, McDaniel RL, Chmiel JJ, et al. Economic modeling to assess the costs of treatment with finasteride, terazosin, and transurethral resection of the prostate for men with moderate to severe symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 1995; 46: 477–83PubMedCrossRef
200.
go back to reference Cockrum PC, Finder SF, Ries AJ, et al. A pharmacoeconomic analysis of patients with symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Pharmacoeconomics 1997; 11 (6): 550–65PubMedCrossRef Cockrum PC, Finder SF, Ries AJ, et al. A pharmacoeconomic analysis of patients with symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Pharmacoeconomics 1997; 11 (6): 550–65PubMedCrossRef
201.
go back to reference Albertsen PC, Pellissier JM, Lowe FC, et al. Economic analysis of finasteride: a model-based approach using data from the Proscar Long-Term Efficacy and Safety Study. Clin Ther 1999; 21: 1006–24PubMedCrossRef Albertsen PC, Pellissier JM, Lowe FC, et al. Economic analysis of finasteride: a model-based approach using data from the Proscar Long-Term Efficacy and Safety Study. Clin Ther 1999; 21: 1006–24PubMedCrossRef
202.
go back to reference Baladi J-F, Menon D, Otten N. An economic evaluation of finasteride for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Pharmacoeconomics 1996; 9 (5): 443–54PubMedCrossRef Baladi J-F, Menon D, Otten N. An economic evaluation of finasteride for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Pharmacoeconomics 1996; 9 (5): 443–54PubMedCrossRef
203.
go back to reference Chirikos TN, Sanford E. Cost consequences of surveillance, medical management or surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 1996; 155: 1311–6PubMedCrossRef Chirikos TN, Sanford E. Cost consequences of surveillance, medical management or surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 1996; 155: 1311–6PubMedCrossRef
204.
go back to reference Baltussen RMPM, Wielink G, Stoevelaar HJ, et al. The economic impact of introducing transurethral microwave thermotherapy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a scenario analysis. World J Urol 1998; 16: 142–7PubMedCrossRef Baltussen RMPM, Wielink G, Stoevelaar HJ, et al. The economic impact of introducing transurethral microwave thermotherapy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a scenario analysis. World J Urol 1998; 16: 142–7PubMedCrossRef
205.
go back to reference Bruskewitz R. Management of symptomatic BPH in the US: who is treated and how? Eur Urol 1999; 36 Suppl. 3: 7–13PubMedCrossRef Bruskewitz R. Management of symptomatic BPH in the US: who is treated and how? Eur Urol 1999; 36 Suppl. 3: 7–13PubMedCrossRef
206.
go back to reference Lukacs B. Management of symptomatic BPH in France: who is treated and how? Eur Urol 1999; 36 Suppl. 3: 14–20PubMedCrossRef Lukacs B. Management of symptomatic BPH in France: who is treated and how? Eur Urol 1999; 36 Suppl. 3: 14–20PubMedCrossRef
207.
go back to reference Berges RR, Pientka L. Management of the BPH syndrome in Germany: who is treated and how? Eur Urol 1999; 36 Suppl. 3: 21–7PubMedCrossRef Berges RR, Pientka L. Management of the BPH syndrome in Germany: who is treated and how? Eur Urol 1999; 36 Suppl. 3: 21–7PubMedCrossRef
208.
go back to reference McNicholas TA. Management of symptomatic BPH in the UK: who is treated and how? Eur Urol 1999; 36 Suppl. 3: 33–9PubMedCrossRef McNicholas TA. Management of symptomatic BPH in the UK: who is treated and how? Eur Urol 1999; 36 Suppl. 3: 33–9PubMedCrossRef
209.
go back to reference Tubaro A, Montanari E. Management of symptomatic BPH in Italy: who is treated and how? Eur Urol 1999; 36 Suppl. 3: 28–32PubMedCrossRef Tubaro A, Montanari E. Management of symptomatic BPH in Italy: who is treated and how? Eur Urol 1999; 36 Suppl. 3: 28–32PubMedCrossRef
210.
go back to reference Jensen KM-E, Hedlund H. Management of benign prostatic hyperplasia in Scandinavia: a hospital questionnaire on pretreatment evaluation and treatment. The Scandinavian Urologic Association Subcommittee on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1998; 32: 26–32PubMedCrossRef Jensen KM-E, Hedlund H. Management of benign prostatic hyperplasia in Scandinavia: a hospital questionnaire on pretreatment evaluation and treatment. The Scandinavian Urologic Association Subcommittee on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1998; 32: 26–32PubMedCrossRef
211.
go back to reference McPherson K, Strong PM, Epstein A, et al. Regional variations in the use of common surgical procedures within and between England and Wales, Canada and the United States of America. Soc Sci Med 1981; 15A: 273–88 McPherson K, Strong PM, Epstein A, et al. Regional variations in the use of common surgical procedures within and between England and Wales, Canada and the United States of America. Soc Sci Med 1981; 15A: 273–88
212.
go back to reference McPherson K, Wennberg JE, Hovind OB, et al. Small-area variations in the use of common surgical procedures: an international comparison of New England, England, and Norway. N Engl J Med 1982; 307: 1310–4PubMedCrossRef McPherson K, Wennberg JE, Hovind OB, et al. Small-area variations in the use of common surgical procedures: an international comparison of New England, England, and Norway. N Engl J Med 1982; 307: 1310–4PubMedCrossRef
213.
go back to reference Chassin MR, Brook RH, Park RE, et al. Variation in the use of medical and surgical services by the Medicare population. N Engl J Med 1986; 314: 285–90PubMedCrossRef Chassin MR, Brook RH, Park RE, et al. Variation in the use of medical and surgical services by the Medicare population. N Engl J Med 1986; 314: 285–90PubMedCrossRef
214.
go back to reference Gittelsohn A, Powe NR. Small area variations in health care delivery in Maryland. Health Serv Res 1995; 30: 295–317PubMed Gittelsohn A, Powe NR. Small area variations in health care delivery in Maryland. Health Serv Res 1995; 30: 295–317PubMed
215.
go back to reference Stoevelaar HJ, Van de Beek C, Casparie AF, et al. Variation in diagnostics and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in urological practice [in Dutch]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1996; 140: 837–42PubMed Stoevelaar HJ, Van de Beek C, Casparie AF, et al. Variation in diagnostics and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in urological practice [in Dutch]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1996; 140: 837–42PubMed
216.
go back to reference Stoevelaar HJ, Van de Beek C, Casparie AF, et al. Treatment choice for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a matter of urologist preference? J Urol 1999; 161: 133–8PubMedCrossRef Stoevelaar HJ, Van de Beek C, Casparie AF, et al. Treatment choice for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a matter of urologist preference? J Urol 1999; 161: 133–8PubMedCrossRef
217.
go back to reference Stoevelaar HJ, McDonnell J, Van de Beek C, et al. Appropriate treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: enhancing the indication for treatment by systematic analysis of expert opinion [in Dutch]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1999; 143: 2425–9PubMed Stoevelaar HJ, McDonnell J, Van de Beek C, et al. Appropriate treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: enhancing the indication for treatment by systematic analysis of expert opinion [in Dutch]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1999; 143: 2425–9PubMed
218.
go back to reference Stoevelaar HJ, McDonnell J, Bosch JLHR, et al. Appropriate treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a European panel study. Leiden: RAND Europe, 1999. Report No.: RE 99.017 Stoevelaar HJ, McDonnell J, Bosch JLHR, et al. Appropriate treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a European panel study. Leiden: RAND Europe, 1999. Report No.: RE 99.017
219.
go back to reference Bosch JLHR. Conservative non-instrumental treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urol Res 1997; 25 Suppl. 2: S107–S114CrossRef Bosch JLHR. Conservative non-instrumental treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urol Res 1997; 25 Suppl. 2: S107–S114CrossRef
220.
go back to reference Barry MJ, Williford WO, Chang Y, et al. Benign prostatic hyperplasia specific health status measures in clinical research: how much change in the American Urological Association symptom index and the benign prostatic hyperplasia impact index is perceptible to patients? J Urol 1995; 154: 1770–4PubMedCrossRef Barry MJ, Williford WO, Chang Y, et al. Benign prostatic hyperplasia specific health status measures in clinical research: how much change in the American Urological Association symptom index and the benign prostatic hyperplasia impact index is perceptible to patients? J Urol 1995; 154: 1770–4PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Changing Therapeutic Regimens in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Clinical and Economic Considerations
Authors
Dr Herman J. Stoevelaar
Joseph McDonnell
Publication date
01-02-2001
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
PharmacoEconomics / Issue 2/2001
Print ISSN: 1170-7690
Electronic ISSN: 1179-2027
DOI
https://doi.org/10.2165/00019053-200119020-00003

Other articles of this Issue 2/2001

PharmacoEconomics 2/2001 Go to the issue