Skip to main content
Top
Published in: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research article

Changes in clavicle length in acute fractures within 3 weeks: a prospective ultrasonographic study of 59 patients

Authors: A. H. Thorsmark, O. M. Christensen, S. Torp-Pedersen, S. Overgaard, L. H. Frich

Published in: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders | Issue 1/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Within traumatology a common indication for acute surgery of fractured clavicles is bone shortening over 2 cm. This indication is among but a few indications; which are recommended to be treated operatively within the very first weeks after a fracture. Theoretically clavicle fractures could become less shortened over time due to decreasing muscle pull. If this reduced shortening does indeed happen, some patients with initial bone shortening over 2 cm could perhaps be treated conservatively? However, it is unknown what happens to the length of the clavicle within the first weeks after a fracture. The aim of this study was to investigate if the length of the fresh fractured clavicles changes within the first three weeks.

Methods

Rested length measurements using navigation ultrasound were done on 59 patients with a fractured clavicle. Measurements were performed within the first three weeks after a lateral or mid-clavicular fracture. The inclusion period was from March 2014 to February 2016. Median age was 40 years and age range was 18–81 years. The data was analyzed using mixed linear models.

Results

The clavicle length showed no change within the first three weeks after fracture (p = 0.24).

Conclusion

Fractured clavicles retain their length for the first three weeks.
Literature
2.
go back to reference van der Meijden OA, Gaskill TR, Millett PJ. Treatment of clavicle fractures: current concepts review. J Shoulder Elbow Surg; 3 March 2012; 21(3): 423–429. Available at: doi:10.1016/j.jse.2011.08.053. Accessed 19 Oct 2015. van der Meijden OA, Gaskill TR, Millett PJ. Treatment of clavicle fractures: current concepts review. J Shoulder Elbow Surg; 3 March 2012; 21(3): 423–429. Available at: doi:10.​1016/​j.​jse.​2011.​08.​053. Accessed 19 Oct 2015.
3.
go back to reference Postacchini R, Gumina S, Farsetti P, Postacchini F. Long-term results of conservative management of midshaft clavicle fracture. Int Orthop. June 2010; 34(5): 731–736. Available at: doi:10.1007/s00264-009-0850-x. Accessed 14 Sept 2012. Postacchini R, Gumina S, Farsetti P, Postacchini F. Long-term results of conservative management of midshaft clavicle fracture. Int Orthop. June 2010; 34(5): 731–736. Available at: doi:10.​1007/​s00264-009-0850-x. Accessed 14 Sept 2012.
4.
go back to reference Lazarides S, Zafiropoulos G. Conservative treatment of fractures at the middle third of the clavicle: the relevance of shortening and clinical outcome. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2006; 15(2): 191–194. Available at: doi:10.1016/j.jse.2005.08.007. Accessed 14 Sept 2012. Lazarides S, Zafiropoulos G. Conservative treatment of fractures at the middle third of the clavicle: the relevance of shortening and clinical outcome. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2006; 15(2): 191–194. Available at: doi:10.​1016/​j.​jse.​2005.​08.​007. Accessed 14 Sept 2012.
6.
go back to reference Thorsmark Høj A, Villa C, Christensen OM, Torp-Pedersen S, Overgaard S, Frich LH. Validation of Navigation Ultrasound for Clavicular Length Measurement. Ultrasound Med Biol. August 2017; 43(8): 1722–1728. Available at: doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.04.005. Accessed 30 June 2017. Thorsmark Høj A, Villa C, Christensen OM, Torp-Pedersen S, Overgaard S, Frich LH. Validation of Navigation Ultrasound for Clavicular Length Measurement. Ultrasound Med Biol. August 2017; 43(8): 1722–1728. Available at: doi:10.​1016/​j.​ultrasmedbio.​2017.​04.​005. Accessed 30 June 2017.
7.
go back to reference von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP., et al. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: Guidelines for Reporting Observational Studies. Ann Intern Med; 16 October 2007; 147(8): 573. Available at: DOI:10.7326/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010. Accessed 30 June 2017. von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP., et al. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: Guidelines for Reporting Observational Studies. Ann Intern Med; 16 October 2007; 147(8): 573. Available at: DOI:10.​7326/​0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010. Accessed 30 June 2017.
8.
go back to reference Allman FL. Fractures and ligamentous injuries of the clavicle and its articulation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1967;49(4):774–84.CrossRefPubMed Allman FL. Fractures and ligamentous injuries of the clavicle and its articulation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1967;49(4):774–84.CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Pieske O, Dang M, Zaspel J, Beyer B, Löffler T, Piltz S. [Midshaft clavicle fractures--classification and therapy. Results of a survey at German trauma departments]. Unfallchirurg. June 2008; 111(6): 387–394. Available at: doi:10.1007/s00113-008-1430-z. Accessed 22 Oct 2013. Pieske O, Dang M, Zaspel J, Beyer B, Löffler T, Piltz S. [Midshaft clavicle fractures--classification and therapy. Results of a survey at German trauma departments]. Unfallchirurg. June 2008; 111(6): 387–394. Available at: doi:10.​1007/​s00113-008-1430-z. Accessed 22 Oct 2013.
10.
go back to reference Rasmussen J V, Jensen SL, Petersen JB, Falstie-Jensen T, Lausten G, Olsen BS. A retrospective study of the association between shortening of the clavicle after fracture and the clinical outcome in 136 patients. Injury; April 2011; 42(4): 414–417. Available at: DOI:10.1016/j.injury.2010.11.061. Accessed 14 Sept 2012. Rasmussen J V, Jensen SL, Petersen JB, Falstie-Jensen T, Lausten G, Olsen BS. A retrospective study of the association between shortening of the clavicle after fracture and the clinical outcome in 136 patients. Injury; April 2011; 42(4): 414–417. Available at: DOI:10.​1016/​j.​injury.​2010.​11.​061. Accessed 14 Sept 2012.
11.
go back to reference Figueiredo GS de L, Tamaoki MJS, Dragone B, Utino AY, Netto NA, Matsumoto MH, et al. Correlation of the degree of clavicle shortening after non-surgical treatment of midshaft fractures with upper limb function. BMC Musculoskelet Disord; 17 January 2015; 16(1): 151. Available at: doi:10.1186/s12891-015-0585-3. Accessed 18 Feb 2016. Figueiredo GS de L, Tamaoki MJS, Dragone B, Utino AY, Netto NA, Matsumoto MH, et al. Correlation of the degree of clavicle shortening after non-surgical treatment of midshaft fractures with upper limb function. BMC Musculoskelet Disord; 17 January 2015; 16(1): 151. Available at: doi:10.​1186/​s12891-015-0585-3. Accessed 18 Feb 2016.
12.
go back to reference Stegeman SA, de Witte PB, Boonstra S, de Groot JH, Nagels J, Krijnen P, et al. Posttraumatic midshaft clavicular shortening does not result in relevant functional outcome changes. Acta Orthop. January 2015; 86(5): 545–552. Available at: doi:10.3109/17453674.2015.1040982. Accessed 10 Dec 2015. Stegeman SA, de Witte PB, Boonstra S, de Groot JH, Nagels J, Krijnen P, et al. Posttraumatic midshaft clavicular shortening does not result in relevant functional outcome changes. Acta Orthop. January 2015; 86(5): 545–552. Available at: doi:10.​3109/​17453674.​2015.​1040982. Accessed 10 Dec 2015.
15.
go back to reference Cunningham BP, McLaren A, Richardson M, McLemore R, Cunningham AM, et al. Clavicular length: the assumption of symmetry. Orthopedics. SLACK Incorporated; 1 March. 2013;36(3):e343–e347. Available at: doi:10.3928/01477447-20130222-24. Accessed 18 Oct 2016. Cunningham BP, McLaren A, Richardson M, McLemore R, Cunningham AM, et al. Clavicular length: the assumption of symmetry. Orthopedics. SLACK Incorporated; 1 March. 2013;36(3):e343–e347. Available at: doi:10.​3928/​01477447-20130222-24. Accessed 18 Oct 2016.
16.
go back to reference Nowak J, Holgersson M, Larsson S. Can we predict long-term sequelae after fractures of the clavicle based on initial findings? A prospective study with nine to ten years of follow-up. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. September 2004;13(5): 479–486. Available at: doi:10.1016/j.jse.2004.01.026. Accessed 14 Sept 2012. Nowak J, Holgersson M, Larsson S. Can we predict long-term sequelae after fractures of the clavicle based on initial findings? A prospective study with nine to ten years of follow-up. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. September 2004;13(5): 479–486. Available at: doi:10.​1016/​j.​jse.​2004.​01.​026. Accessed 14 Sept 2012.
17.
go back to reference Smekal V, Deml C, Irenberger A, Niederwanger C, Lutz M, Blauth M, et al. Length determination in midshaft clavicle fractures: validation of measurement. J Orthop Trauma. August 2008;22(7):458–462. Available at: doi:10.1097/BOT.0b013e318178d97d. Smekal V, Deml C, Irenberger A, Niederwanger C, Lutz M, Blauth M, et al. Length determination in midshaft clavicle fractures: validation of measurement. J Orthop Trauma. August 2008;22(7):458–462. Available at: doi:10.​1097/​BOT.​0b013e318178d97d​.
Metadata
Title
Changes in clavicle length in acute fractures within 3 weeks: a prospective ultrasonographic study of 59 patients
Authors
A. H. Thorsmark
O. M. Christensen
S. Torp-Pedersen
S. Overgaard
L. H. Frich
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2474
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-017-1842-4

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 1/2017 Go to the issue