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Cancer Imaging
Published in: Cancer Imaging 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Cervical Cancer | Research article

Radiomics signature for dynamic changes of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and macrophages in cervical cancer during chemoradiotherapy

Authors: Kang Huang, Xuehan Huang, Chengbing Zeng, Siyan Wang, Yizhou Zhan, Qingxin Cai, Guobo Peng, Zhining Yang, Li Zhou, Jianzhou Chen, Chuangzhen Chen

Published in: Cancer Imaging | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Background

Our previous study suggests that tumor CD8+ T cells and macrophages (defined as CD68+ cells) infiltration underwent dynamic and heterogeneous changes during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in cervical cancer patients, which correlated with their short-term tumor response. This study aims to develop a CT image-based radiomics signature for such dynamic changes.

Methods

Thirty cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients, who were treated with CCRT followed by brachytherapy, were included in this study. Pre-therapeutic CT images were acquired. And tumor biopsies with immunohistochemistry at primary sites were performed at baseline (0 fraction (F)) and immediately after 10F. Radiomics features were extracted from the region of interest (ROI) of CT images using Matlab. The LASSO regression model with ten-fold cross-validation was utilized to select features and construct an immunomarker classifier and a radiomics signature. Their performance was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC).

Results

The changes of tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells and macrophages after 10F radiotherapy as compared to those at baseline were used to generate the immunomarker classifier (AUC= 0.842, 95% CI:0.680–1.000). Additionally, a radiomics signature was developed using 4 key radiomics features to predict the immunomarker classifier (AUC=0.875, 95% CI:0.753-0.997). The patients stratified based on this signature exhibited significant differences in treatment response (p = 0.004).

Conclusion

The radiomics signature could be used as a potential predictor for the CCRT-induced dynamic alterations of CD8+ T cells and macrophages, which may provide a less invasive approach to appraise tumor immune status during CCRT in cervical cancer compared to tissue biopsy.
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Metadata
Title
Radiomics signature for dynamic changes of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and macrophages in cervical cancer during chemoradiotherapy
Authors
Kang Huang
Xuehan Huang
Chengbing Zeng
Siyan Wang
Yizhou Zhan
Qingxin Cai
Guobo Peng
Zhining Yang
Li Zhou
Jianzhou Chen
Chuangzhen Chen
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Cancer Imaging / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1470-7330
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40644-024-00680-0

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