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Clinical and Translational Medicine
Published in: Clinical and Translational Medicine 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Review

Cellular reprogramming for pancreatic β-cell regeneration: clinical potential of small molecule control

Authors: Ganesh N Pandian, Junichi Taniguchi, Hiroshi Sugiyama

Published in: Clinical and Translational Medicine | Issue 1/2014

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Abstract

Recent scientific breakthroughs in stem cell biology suggest that a sustainable treatment approach to cure diabetes mellitus (DM) can be achieved in the near future. However, the transplantation complexities and the difficulty in obtaining the stem cells from adult cells of pancreas, liver, bone morrow and other cells is a major concern. The epoch-making strategy of transcription-factor based cellular reprogramming suggest that these barriers could be overcome, and it is possible to reprogram any cells into functional β cells. Contemporary biological and analytical techniques help us to predict the key transcription factors needed for β-cell regeneration. These β cell-specific transcription factors could be modulated with diverse reprogramming protocols. Among cellular reprogramming strategies, small molecule approach gets proclaimed to have better clinical prospects because it does not involve genetic manipulation. Several small molecules targeting certain epigenetic enzymes and/or signaling pathways have been successful in helping to induce pancreatic β-cell specification. Recently, a synthetic DNA-based small molecule triggered targeted transcriptional activation of pancreas-related genes to suggest the possibility of achieving desired cellular phenotype in a precise mode. Here, we give a brief overview of treating DM by regenerating pancreatic β-cells from various cell sources. Through a comprehensive overview of the available transcription factors, small molecules and reprogramming strategies available for pancreatic β-cell regeneration, this review compiles the current progress made towards the generation of clinically relevant insulin-producing β-cells.
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Metadata
Title
Cellular reprogramming for pancreatic β-cell regeneration: clinical potential of small molecule control
Authors
Ganesh N Pandian
Junichi Taniguchi
Hiroshi Sugiyama
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Clinical and Translational Medicine / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 2001-1326
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/2001-1326-3-6

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