Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Religion and Health 1/2023

31-08-2022 | Care | Original Paper

Muslim Chaplains in the Clinical Borderlands: Authority, Function, and Identity

Authors: Lance D. Laird, Samsiah Abdul-Majid

Published in: Journal of Religion and Health | Issue 1/2023

Login to get access

Abstract

This article, based on twenty in-depth interviews, examines the experiences of Muslim interfaith spiritual care providers in US healthcare institutions. These Muslim chaplains represent a public face of a minority religious community; provide a ministry of presence or accompaniment for those in the healthcare institution; and exercise a new form of professionalized religious leadership in the Islamic tradition. The border between religious leader and spiritual caregiver, between imam and chaplain, is blurry, gendered, and contested. We outline how Muslim healthcare chaplains interpret their authority, function, and identity within a professional space defined by dominant American religious norms as well as by shifting standards for leadership within American Muslim communities. We argue that the Christian hegemony often masked by “spiritual care” discourse and educational practice impels Muslim chaplains to critically evaluate, recover, and adapt traditional sources integral to the professional development of contemporary American Muslim religious leaders.
Footnotes
1
Mattingly here borrows Gloria Anzaldua’s powerful metaphor of la frontera (literally, the US-Mexico border region) as the space of mixing where hybrid identities, languages, cultures, and sexualities emerge (Anzaldua, 1987).
 
Literature
go back to reference Abbott, A. D. (1988). The system of professions: An essay on the division of expert labor. University of Chicago Press. Abbott, A. D. (1988). The system of professions: An essay on the division of expert labor. University of Chicago Press.
go back to reference Ansari, B. (2019). Shepherding as Islamic pastoral theology: Case studies in Muslim Chaplaincy D. Pacific School of Religion: Min. Ansari, B. (2019). Shepherding as Islamic pastoral theology: Case studies in Muslim Chaplaincy D. Pacific School of Religion: Min.
go back to reference Ansari, B. (2022). Pastoral care as an Islamic tradition and practice. In M. A. Ali, O. Bajwa, S. Kholaki, & J. Starr (Eds.), Mantle of mercy: Islamic chaplaincy in North America (pp. 37–43). Templeton Press. Ansari, B. (2022). Pastoral care as an Islamic tradition and practice. In M. A. Ali, O. Bajwa, S. Kholaki, & J. Starr (Eds.), Mantle of mercy: Islamic chaplaincy in North America (pp. 37–43). Templeton Press.
go back to reference Anzaldua, G. (1987). Borderlands: The new mestiza = La frontera. Spinsters/Aunt Lute. Anzaldua, G. (1987). Borderlands: The new mestiza = La frontera. Spinsters/Aunt Lute.
go back to reference Blumenfeld, W. J. (2006). Christian privilege and the promotion of “secular” and not-so “secular” mainline Christianity in public schooling and in the larger society. Equity Excellence in Education: University of Massachusetts School of Education Journal, 93(3), 195–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665680600788024CrossRef Blumenfeld, W. J. (2006). Christian privilege and the promotion of “secular” and not-so “secular” mainline Christianity in public schooling and in the larger society. Equity Excellence in Education: University of Massachusetts School of Education Journal, 93(3), 195–210. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1080/​1066568060078802​4CrossRef
go back to reference Cadge, W., & Rambo, S. L. (2022). Chaplaincy and spiritual care in the twenty-first century: An introduction. The University of North Carolina Press. Cadge, W., & Rambo, S. L. (2022). Chaplaincy and spiritual care in the twenty-first century: An introduction. The University of North Carolina Press.
go back to reference Cadge, W. (2013). Paging God: Religion in the halls of medicine. University of Chicago Press. Cadge, W. (2013). Paging God: Religion in the halls of medicine. University of Chicago Press.
go back to reference Carey, L. B. (2012). Utility and commissioning of spiritual carers. In M. Cobb, C. M. Puchalski, & B. Rumbold (Eds.), Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare (Chapter 54). Oxford University Press. Carey, L. B. (2012). Utility and commissioning of spiritual carers. In M. Cobb, C. M. Puchalski, & B. Rumbold (Eds.), Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare (Chapter 54). Oxford University Press.
go back to reference Chander, V., & Mosher, L. (2020). Hindu approaches to spiritual care: Chaplaincy in theory and practice. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Chander, V., & Mosher, L. (2020). Hindu approaches to spiritual care: Chaplaincy in theory and practice. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
go back to reference Doehring, C. (2006). The practice of pastoral care: A postmodern approach. Westminster John Knox Press. Doehring, C. (2006). The practice of pastoral care: A postmodern approach. Westminster John Knox Press.
go back to reference Fitchett, G. (2021). CPE and spiritual growth. In S. Nolan & A. Damen (Eds.), Transforming chaplaincy: The George Fitchett reader (Article 5). Pickwick Publications. Fitchett, G. (2021). CPE and spiritual growth. In S. Nolan & A. Damen (Eds.), Transforming chaplaincy: The George Fitchett reader (Article 5). Pickwick Publications.
go back to reference Fleenor, D. (2021). Spiritually mature and evidence-based chaplains: Commentary on George Fitchett’s CPE and Spiritual Growth. In S. Nolan, A. Damen (Eds.) Transforming chaplaincy: The George Fitchett reader Pickwick Publications. Fleenor, D. (2021). Spiritually mature and evidence-based chaplains: Commentary on George Fitchett’s CPE and Spiritual Growth. In S. Nolan, A. Damen (Eds.) Transforming chaplaincy: The George Fitchett reader Pickwick Publications.
go back to reference Giles, C. A., & Baker, W. B. (2012). The arts of contemplative care: Pioneering voices in Buddhist chaplaincy and pastoral work. Wisdom Publications. Giles, C. A., & Baker, W. B. (2012). The arts of contemplative care: Pioneering voices in Buddhist chaplaincy and pastoral work. Wisdom Publications.
go back to reference Grefe, D., McCarroll, P., & Ansari, B. (2022). Meaning making in chaplaincy practice: Presence, assessment, and interventions. In W. Cadge & S. Rambo (Eds.), Chaplaincy and spiritual care in the twenty-first century: An introduction (pp. 66–89). The University of North Carolina Press. Grefe, D., McCarroll, P., & Ansari, B. (2022). Meaning making in chaplaincy practice: Presence, assessment, and interventions. In W. Cadge & S. Rambo (Eds.), Chaplaincy and spiritual care in the twenty-first century: An introduction (pp. 66–89). The University of North Carolina Press.
go back to reference Grewal, Z. A., & Coolidge, R. D. (2013). Islamic education in the United States. In J. Hammer & O. Safi (Eds.), The Cambridge companion to American Islam (pp. 246–265). Cambridge University Press.CrossRef Grewal, Z. A., & Coolidge, R. D. (2013). Islamic education in the United States. In J. Hammer & O. Safi (Eds.), The Cambridge companion to American Islam (pp. 246–265). Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Grewal, Z. (2014). Islam is a foreign country: American Muslims and the global crisis of authority. New York University Press. Grewal, Z. (2014). Islam is a foreign country: American Muslims and the global crisis of authority. New York University Press.
go back to reference Hammer, J. (2012). American Muslim women, religious authority, and activism: More than a prayer. University of Texas Press. Hammer, J. (2012). American Muslim women, religious authority, and activism: More than a prayer. University of Texas Press.
go back to reference Isgandarova, N. (2011). Effective Islamic spiritual care: Foundations and practices of imams and other Muslim spiritual caregivers [D.Min., Wilfrid Laurier University (Canada)]. Isgandarova, N. (2011). Effective Islamic spiritual care: Foundations and practices of imams and other Muslim spiritual caregivers [D.Min., Wilfrid Laurier University (Canada)].
go back to reference Jalalzai, S. (2016). Translating Islamic authority: Chaplaincy and Muslim leadership education in North American Protestant seminaries [Ph.D., Columbia University]. Jalalzai, S. (2016). Translating Islamic authority: Chaplaincy and Muslim leadership education in North American Protestant seminaries [Ph.D., Columbia University].
go back to reference Khalil, N. (2017). Without a profession: The Politics of being and becoming an American imam [Ph.D., Harvard University]. Khalil, N. (2017). Without a profession: The Politics of being and becoming an American imam [Ph.D., Harvard University].
go back to reference Lartey, E. Y. (2003). In living color: an intercultural approach to pastoral care and counseling (2nd ed) Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Lartey, E. Y. (2003). In living color: an intercultural approach to pastoral care and counseling (2nd ed) Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
go back to reference Lasair, S. (2020). What’s the point of Clinical Pastoral Education and pastoral counselling education? Political, developmental, and professional considerations. Journal of Pastoral Care Counseling: Advancing Theory and Professional Practice through Scholarly and Reflective Publications, 74(1), 22–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/1542305019897563CrossRef Lasair, S. (2020). What’s the point of Clinical Pastoral Education and pastoral counselling education? Political, developmental, and professional considerations. Journal of Pastoral Care Counseling: Advancing Theory and Professional Practice through Scholarly and Reflective Publications, 74(1), 22–32. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1177/​1542305019897563​CrossRef
go back to reference Long, I. J., & Ansari, B. (2018). Islamic pastoral care and the development of Muslim chaplaincy. Journal of Muslim Mental Health 12(1) 10381607.0012.105 Long, I. J., & Ansari, B. (2018). Islamic pastoral care and the development of Muslim chaplaincy. Journal of Muslim Mental Health 12(1) 10381607.0012.105
go back to reference Mamdani, M. (2004). Good Muslim, bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the roots of terror. Pantheon Books. Mamdani, M. (2004). Good Muslim, bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the roots of terror. Pantheon Books.
go back to reference Mattingly, C. (2010). The paradox of hope: Journeys through a clinical borderland. University of California Press. Mattingly, C. (2010). The paradox of hope: Journeys through a clinical borderland. University of California Press.
go back to reference Mattingly, C. (2014). Moral laboratories: Family peril and the struggle for a good life. University of California Press. Mattingly, C. (2014). Moral laboratories: Family peril and the struggle for a good life. University of California Press.
go back to reference Mowat, H., Bunniss, S., Snowden, A., & Wright, L. (2013). Listening as health care. Scottish Journal Healthcare Chaplaincy, 16, 35–41. Mowat, H., Bunniss, S., Snowden, A., & Wright, L. (2013). Listening as health care. Scottish Journal Healthcare Chaplaincy, 16, 35–41.
go back to reference Small, J. L. (2020). Critical religious pluralism in higher education: A social justice framework to support religious diversity. Routledge. Small, J. L. (2020). Critical religious pluralism in higher education: A social justice framework to support religious diversity. Routledge.
go back to reference Stevenson, L. (2011). Praying along: Interfaith chaplaincy and the politics of translation. In M.-J.D. Good (Ed.), Shattering Culture: American Medicine Responds to Cultural Diversity (pp. 94–111). Russell Sage Foundation. Stevenson, L. (2011). Praying along: Interfaith chaplaincy and the politics of translation. In M.-J.D. Good (Ed.), Shattering Culture: American Medicine Responds to Cultural Diversity (pp. 94–111). Russell Sage Foundation.
go back to reference Sullivan, W. F. (2014). A ministry of presence: Chaplaincy, spiritual care, and the law. University of Chicago Press.CrossRef Sullivan, W. F. (2014). A ministry of presence: Chaplaincy, spiritual care, and the law. University of Chicago Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Yuskaev, T., & Stark, H. (2014). Imams and chaplains as American religious professionals. Oxford Handbook American Islam, 47, 63. Yuskaev, T., & Stark, H. (2014). Imams and chaplains as American religious professionals. Oxford Handbook American Islam, 47, 63.
Metadata
Title
Muslim Chaplains in the Clinical Borderlands: Authority, Function, and Identity
Authors
Lance D. Laird
Samsiah Abdul-Majid
Publication date
31-08-2022
Publisher
Springer US
Keyword
Care
Published in
Journal of Religion and Health / Issue 1/2023
Print ISSN: 0022-4197
Electronic ISSN: 1573-6571
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-022-01644-z

Other articles of this Issue 1/2023

Journal of Religion and Health 1/2023 Go to the issue