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01-05-2003 | Review Article

Cardiovascular Drug Therapy in the Elderly: Theoretical and Practical Considerations

Authors: Dr Bradley R. Williams, Jiwon Kim

Published in: Drugs & Aging | Issue 6/2003

Abstract

The elderly population is expanding rapidly throughout the world. Hypertension, heart disease and other cardiovascular disorders are prevalent conditions among this age group. Consequently, clinicians will spend a large proportion of their practices managing older adults with cardiovascular disorders. A large proportion of this time will be devoted to using pharmacotherapeutic strategies for the long-term management of chronic conditions.

The physiological changes that accompany aging affect cardiovascular function, and the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of many cardiovascular medications are altered by these physiological changes. The interactions of these changes can have a profound effect on the agents used to treat cardiovascular disorders and may alter their therapeutic outcomes.

Several classes of medications are used to treat chronic cardiovascular disorders in older adults. These include the ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists, calcium channel antagonists, β-adrenoceptor antagonists (β-blockers), oral antiarrhythmic agents and warfarin. Drugs such as β-blockers may aggravate decreased cardiac output and increase peripheral resistance, but are valuable adjuncts in many patients with congestive heart failure. Agents that reduce angiotensin II activity may have several benefits for treating heart failure and hypertension. Successful treatment of cardiovascular disorders in older adults requires the choice of the most appropriate agent, taking into consideration the complex interactions of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and disease effects.

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Title: Cardiovascular Drug Therapy in the Elderly: Theoretical and Practical Considerations
Authors: Dr Bradley R. Williams
Jiwon Kim
Publication date: 01-05-2003
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Published in: Drugs & Aging / Issue 6/2003
Print ISSN: 1170-229X
Electronic ISSN: 1179-1969
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/00002512-200320060-00004

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