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Intensive Care Medicine
Published in: Intensive Care Medicine 5/2008

01-05-2008 | Physiological and Technical Notes

Cardiorenal syndrome: refining the definition of a complex symbiosis gone wrong

Authors: Claudio Ronco, Andrew A. House, Mikko Haapio

Published in: Intensive Care Medicine | Issue 5/2008

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Abstract

Background

The term “cardiorenal syndrome” has generally been reserved for declining renal function in the setting of advanced congestive heart failure. Considering the complex and bi-directional relationship between the heart and the kidneys, we postulate refining the definition to recognize the symbiotic nature of these organs.

Discussion

We divide the cardiorenal syndrome into five subtypes: type I, acute cardiorenal syndrome; type II, chronic cardiorenal syndrome; type III, acute renocardiac syndrome; type IV, chronic renocardiac syndrome; and type V, secondary cardiorenal syndrome.

Conclusions

As early recognition of dysfunction in one organ may prove important in mitigating the spiral of co-dysfunction in both, the need for early and treatment-guiding biomarkers, along with their characteristics, are also discussed.
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Metadata
Title
Cardiorenal syndrome: refining the definition of a complex symbiosis gone wrong
Authors
Claudio Ronco
Andrew A. House
Mikko Haapio
Publication date
01-05-2008
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Intensive Care Medicine / Issue 5/2008
Print ISSN: 0342-4642
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1238
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-008-1017-8

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