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Intensive Care Medicine
Published in: Intensive Care Medicine 4/2014

01-04-2014 | Original

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation among mechanically ventilated patients

Authors: Ali Al-Alwan, William J. Ehlenbach, Prema R. Menon, Michael P. Young, Renee D. Stapleton

Published in: Intensive Care Medicine | Issue 4/2014

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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the outcomes, including long-term survival, after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in mechanically ventilated patients.

Methods

We analyzed Medicare data from 1994 to 2005 to identify beneficiaries who underwent in-hospital CPR. We then identified a subgroup receiving CPR one or more days after mechanical ventilation was initiated [defined by ICD-9 procedure code for intubation (96.04) or mechanical ventilation (96.7x) one or more days prior to procedure code for CPR (99.60 or 99.63)].

Results

We identified 471,962 patients who received in-hospital CPR with an overall survival to hospital discharge of 18.4 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 18.3–18.5 %]. Of those, 42,163 received CPR one or more days after mechanical ventilation initiation. Survival to hospital discharge after CPR in ventilated patients was 10.1 % (95 % CI 9.8–10.4 %), compared to 19.2 % (95 % CI 19.1–19.3 %) in non-ventilated patients (p < 0.001). Among this group, older age, race other than white, higher burden of chronic illness, and admission from a nursing facility were associated with decreased survival in multivariable analyses. Among all CPR recipients, those who were ventilated had 52 % lower odds of survival (OR 0.48, 95 % CI 0.46–0.49, p < 0.001). Median long-term survival in ventilated patients receiving CPR who survived to hospital discharge was 6.0 months (95 % CI 5.3–6.8 months), compared to 19.0 months (95 % CI 18.6–19.5 months) among the non-ventilated survivors (p < 0.001 by logrank test). Of all patients receiving CPR while ventilated, only 4.1 % were alive at 1 year.

Conclusions

Survival after in-hospital CPR is decreased among ventilated patients compared to those who are not ventilated. This information is important for clinicians, patients, and family members when discussing CPR in critically ill patients.
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Metadata
Title
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation among mechanically ventilated patients
Authors
Ali Al-Alwan
William J. Ehlenbach
Prema R. Menon
Michael P. Young
Renee D. Stapleton
Publication date
01-04-2014
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Intensive Care Medicine / Issue 4/2014
Print ISSN: 0342-4642
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1238
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-014-3247-2

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