Top

Published in:

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Burnout Syndrome | Research

Factors associated with health professionals’ stress reactions, job satisfaction, intention to leave and health-related outcomes in acute care, rehabilitation and psychiatric hospitals, nursing homes and home care organisations

Authors: Karin Anne Peter, Christian Voirol, Stefan Kunz, Andrea Gurtner, Fabienne Renggli, Typhaine Juvet, Christoph Golz

Published in: BMC Health Services Research | Issue 1/2024

Abstract

The aim of this study is to identify (1) the extent of work-related stress and (2) stressors associated with cognitive and behavioral stress reactions, burnout symptoms, health status, quality of sleep, job satisfaction, and intention to leave the organization and the profession among health professionals working in acute care /rehabilitation hospitals, psychiatric hospitals, nursing homes, and home care organizations.

Background

Health professionals are faced with various stressors at work and as a consequence are leaving their profession prematurely. This study aimed to identify the extent of work-related stress and stressors associated with stress reactions, job satisfaction, and intention to leave and health-related outcomes among health professionals working in different healthcare sectors (acute care, rehabilitation and psychiatric hospitals, nursing homes and home care organizations).

Methods

This study is based on a repeated cross-sectional design, which includes three data measures between 2017 and 2020 and 19,340 participating health professionals from 26 acute care / rehabilitation hospitals, 12 psychiatric hospitals, 86 nursing homes and 41 home care organizations in Switzerland. For data analysis, hierarchical multilevel models (using AIC) were calculated separately for hospitals, nursing homes, and home care organizations, regarding health professionals’ stress symptoms, job satisfaction, intention to leave the organization / profession, general health status, burnout symptoms, and quality of sleep.

Results

The main findings reveal that the incompatibility of health professionals’ work and private life was significantly associated (p < 0.05) with their stress reactions, job satisfaction, intention to leave, and health-related outcomes in all the included work areas. The direct supervisor’s good leadership qualities were also associated with health professionals’ job satisfaction regarding all work areas (B ≥ 0.22, p = 0.000). In addition, a positive perceived bond with the organization (B ≥ 0.13, p < 0.01) and better development opportunities (B ≥ 0.05, p < 0.05) were associated with higher job satisfaction and a lower intention to leave the organization and profession among health professionals. Also, a younger age of health professionals was associated with a higher intention to leave the organization and the profession prematurely in all the included work areas. High physical (B ≥ 0.04, p < 0.05) and quantitative demands (B ≥ 0.05, p = 0.000) at work were also associated with negative health-related outcomes.

WHO. Global strategy on human resources for health: workforce 2030. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016.

Addor V, Schwendimann R, Gauthier JA, Wernli B, Jäckel D, Paignon A. «Nurses at work» – studie zu den Laufbahnen Im Pflegeberuf über die letzten 40 Jahre in Der Schweiz. Neuchâtel: Schweizerisches Gesundheitsobservatorium; 2016.

Hämmig O. Explaining burnout and the intention to leave the profession among health professionals - a cross-sectional study in a hospital setting in Switzerland. BMC Health Service Res. 2018;18:785. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3556-1.CrossRef

Peter KA, Hahn S, Schols J, Halfens R. Work-related stress among health professionals in Swiss acute care and rehabilitation hospitals-A cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs. 2020;29:3064–81. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15340.CrossRefPubMed

Martínez-López JÁ, Lázaro-Pérez C, Gómez-Galán J. Burnout among direct-care workers in nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: A Preventive and Educational Focus for sustainable workplaces. Sustainability. 2021;13:2782.CrossRef

Mattila E, Peltokoski J, Neva MH, Kaunonen M, Helminen M, Parkkila A-K. COVID-19: anxiety among hospital staff and associated factors. Ann Med. 2021;53:237–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2020.1862905.CrossRefPubMed

Pniak B, Leszczak J, Adamczyk M, Rusek W, Matłosz P, Guzik A. Occupational burnout among active physiotherapists working in clinical hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic in south-eastern Poland. Work. 2021;68:285–95. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-203375.CrossRefPubMed

Eurofound. Work-related stress. Dublin: Eurofound; 2005.

Leka S, Jain A. Health impact of psychosocial hazards at work: an overview. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.

10.

Kompier M, Marcelissen F. Handbook of work stress: a systematic Approach for Organizational Practice. Amsterdam: NIA; 1990.

11.

Hahn S, Hantikainen V, Needham I, Kok G, Dassen T, Halfens RJ. Patient and visitor violence in the general hospital, occurrence, staff interventions and consequences: a cross-sectional survey. J Adv Nurs. 2012;68:2685–99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2012.05967.x.CrossRefPubMed

12.

Lim J, Bogossian F, Ahern K. Stress and coping in Australian nurses: a systematic review. Int Nurs Rev. 2010;57:22–31. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-7657.2009.00765.x.CrossRefPubMed

13.

Long MH, Johnston V, Bogossian F. Work-related upper quadrant musculoskeletal disorders in midwives, nurses and physicians: a systematic review of risk factors and functional consequences. Appl Ergon. 2012;43:455–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2011.07.002.CrossRefPubMed

14.

Aiken LH, Sloane DM, Bruyneel L, van den Heede K, Sermeus W, Consortium RC. Nurses’ reports of working conditions and hospital quality of care in 12 countries in Europe. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013;50:143–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.11.009.CrossRefPubMed

15.

Dhaini SR, Zuniga F, Ausserhofer D, Simon M, Kunz R, de Geest S, Schwendimann R. Care workers health in Swiss nursing homes and its association with psychosocial work environment: a cross-sectional study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2016;53:105–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.08.011.CrossRefPubMed

16.

Peter KA, Halfens R, Hahn S, Schols J. Factors associated with work-private life conflict and leadership qualities among line managers of health professionals in Swiss acute and rehabilitation hospitals – a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2021;21:81. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06092-1.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

17.

NIOSH. Exposure to Stress.: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; 2008.

18.

Albertsen K, Rafnsdottir GL, Grimsmo A, Tomasson K, Kauppinen K. Workhours and worklife balance. Scand J Work Env Hea. 2008;5:14–21.

19.

Hausler N, Bopp M, Hammig O, Effort-Reward, Imbalance. Work-privacy conflict, and Burnout among Hospital employees. J Occup Environ Med. 2018;60:e183–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001287.CrossRefPubMed

20.

Peter KA, Meier-Kaeppeli B, Pehlke-Milde J, Grylka-Baeschlin S. Work-related stress and intention to leave among midwives working in Swiss maternity hospitals – a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06706-8.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

21.

Aiken LH, Clarke SP, Sloane DM, Sochalski J, Silber JH. Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job dissatisfaction. JAMA. 2002;288:1987–93. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.288.16.1987.CrossRefPubMed

22.

Weibelzahl S, Reiter J, Duden G. Depression and anxiety in healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Epidemiol Infect. 2021;149:e46. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268821000303.CrossRefPubMed

23.

Peter KA, Schols J, Halfens R, Hahn S. Investigating work-related stress among health professionals at different hierarchical levels: a cross-sectional study. Nurs Open. 2020;7:969–79. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.469.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

24.

Skakon J, Kristensen TS, Christensen KB, Lund T, Labriola M. Do managers experience more stress than employees? Results from the intervention project on absence and well-being (IPAW) study among Danish managers and their employees. Work (Reading Mass). 2011;38:103–9. https://doi.org/10.3233/wor-2011-1112.CrossRefPubMed

25.

Streit S, Da Costa BR, Christensen S, Tal K, Tandjung R, Juni P. One in seven Swiss physicians has left patient care - results from a national cohort study from 1980–2009. Swiss Med Wkly. 2019;149:w20116. https://doi.org/10.4414/smw.2019.20116.CrossRefPubMed

26.

Peter K, Hahn S, Schols J, Halfens RJ. Work-related stress among health professionals in Swiss acute and rehabilitation hospitals – results of a cross-sectional study. In: 18th European Doctoral Conference in Nursing Science; Graz; 2019.

27.

Vogel B, de Geest S, Fierz K, Beckmann S, Zuniga F. Dementia care worker stress associations with unit type, resident, and work environment characteristics: a cross-sectional secondary data analysis of the Swiss nursing Homes Human resources Project (SHURP). Int Psychogeriatr. 2017;29:441–54. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610216002027.CrossRefPubMed

28.

Aronsson G, Gustafsson K, Dallner M. Sick but yet at work. An empirical study of sickness presenteeism. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2000;54:502–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.54.7.502.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

29.

Kristensen TS, Hannerz H, Høgh A, Borg V. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire-a tool for the assessment and improvement ofthe psychosocial work environment. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2005;31:438–49.CrossRefPubMed

30.

Nübling M, Vomstein M, Nolle I, Lindner A, Haug A, Lincke HJ. Deutsche Standard-Version Des COPSOQ 2017. Freiburg: FFAW-Freiburger Forschungsstelle für Arbeitswissenschaften GmbH; 2017.

31.

Hasselhorn HM, Tackenberg P, Müller H. Working conditions and intent to leave the profession among nursing staff in Europe. Sweden: National Institute for Working Life; 2003.

32.

de Jonge J, Mulder MJ, Nijhuis FJ. The incorporation of different demand concepts in the job demand-control model: effects on health care professionals. Soc Sci Med. 1999;48:1149–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(98)00429-8.CrossRefPubMed

33.

Eurofound. Sixth European Working conditions Survey - Questionnaire. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union; 2015.

34.

Herdman M, Gudex C, Lloyd A, Janssen M, Kind P, Parkin D, et al. Development and preliminary testing of the new five-level version of EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L). Qual life Research: Int J Qual life Aspects Treat care Rehabilitation. 2011;20:1727–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-011-9903-x.CrossRef

35.

Golz C, Peter KA, Hahn S. Cognitive pretesting and pretest of the STRAIN questionnaire to elaborate work-related stress of health care staff in Switzerland. Int J Health Professions. 2018;5:109–20. https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2018-0011.CrossRef

36.

Peter K, Golz C, Bürgin RA, Nübling M, Voirol C, Zürcher SJ, Hahn S. Assessing the psychosocial work environment in the health care setting: translation and psychometric testing of the French and Italian Copenhagen Psychosocial questionnaires (COPSOQ) in a large sample of health professionals in Switzerland. BMC Health Serv Res. 2022;22.

37.

R Core Team. R: a Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2022.

38.

Venables WN, Ripley BD. Modern Applied statistics with S. 4th ed. New York: Springer; 2002.CrossRef

39.

Bates D, Mächler M, Bolker B, Walker S. Fitting Linear mixed-effects models using lme4. J Stat Soft. 2015;67:1–48. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v067.i01.CrossRef

40.

Nakagawa S, Johnson PCD, Schielzeth H. The coefficient of determination R2 and intra-class correlation coefficient from generalized linear mixed-effects models revisited and expanded. J Royal Soc Interface. 2017;14:20170213. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2017.0213.CrossRef

41.

Gilles I, Burnand B, Peytremann-Bridevaux I. Factors associated with healthcare professionals’ intent to stay in hospital: a comparison across five occupational categories. Int J Qual Health care: J Int Soc Qual Health Care. 2014;26:158–66. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzu006.CrossRef

42.

de Vries N, Boone A, Godderis L, Bouman J, Szemik S, Matranga D, de Winter P. The race to Retain Healthcare Workers: a systematic review on factors that Impact Retention of Nurses and Physicians in hospitals. Inquiry. 2023;60:469580231159318. https://doi.org/10.1177/00469580231159318.CrossRefPubMed

43.

Donaldson-Feilder E, Yarker J, Lewis R. Line management competence: the key to preventing and reducing stress at work. Strategic HR Rev. 2008;7:11–6. https://doi.org/10.1108/14754390810853110.CrossRef

44.

Specchia ML, Cozzolino MR, Carini E, Di Pilla A, Galletti C, Ricciardi W, Damiani G. Leadership styles and nurses’ job satisfaction. Results of a systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18:1552.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

45.

Lobsiger M, Liechti D. Berufsaustritte Und Bestand Von Gesundheitspersonal in Der Schweiz - Eine Analyse auf basis Der Strukturerhebungen 2016–2018. Neuchatel: Swiss Health Observatory (OBSAN); 2021.

46.

Çamveren H, Arslan Yürümezoğlu H, Kocaman G. Why do young nurses leave their organization? A qualitative descriptive study. Int Nurs Rev. 2020;67:519–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12633.CrossRefPubMed

47.

Flinkman M, Laine M, Leino-Kilpi H, Hasselhorn HM, Salanterä S. Explaining young registered Finnish nurses’ intention to leave the profession: a questionnaire survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2008;45:727–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.12.006.CrossRefPubMed

48.

Labrague LJ, de los Santos JAA. Transition shock and newly graduated nurses’ job outcomes and select patient outcomes: a cross-sectional study. J Nurs Adm Manag. 2020;28:1070–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13033.CrossRef

49.

Rudman A, Gustavsson P, Hultell D. A prospective study of nurses’ intentions to leave the profession during their first five years of practice in Sweden. Int J Nurs Stud. 2014;51:612–24.CrossRefPubMed

50.

Zhang Y, Wu J, Fang Z, Zhang Y, Wong FKY. Newly graduated nurses’ intention to leave in their first year of practice in Shanghai: a longitudinal study. Nurs Outlook. 2017;65:202–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2016.10.007.CrossRefPubMed

51.

Dwyer PA, Hunter Revell SM. Multilevel influences on New Graduate Nurse Transition: A literature review. J Nurses Prof Dev. 2016;32:112–21. https://doi.org/10.1097/NND.0000000000000265.CrossRefPubMed

52.

Çamveren H, Kocaman G, Vatan F. The effects of a preceptorship program on newcomer nurses’ turnover intention, commitment and job satisfaction: quasi-experimental study. Nurse Educ Pract. 2022;63:103358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2022.103358.CrossRefPubMed

53.

Lin Y-E, Tseng C-N, Wang M-F, Wu S-FV, Jane S-W, Chien L-Y. Anxiety and work stress among newly employed nurses during the first year of a residency programme: a longitudinal study. J Nurs Adm Manag. 2020;28:1598–606. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13114.CrossRef

Title: Factors associated with health professionals’ stress reactions, job satisfaction, intention to leave and health-related outcomes in acute care, rehabilitation and psychiatric hospitals, nursing homes and home care organisations
Authors: Karin Anne Peter
Christian Voirol
Stefan Kunz
Andrea Gurtner
Fabienne Renggli
Typhaine Juvet
Christoph Golz
Publication date: 01-12-2024
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keyword: Burnout Syndrome
Published in: BMC Health Services Research / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6963
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-024-10718-5

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Factors associated with health professionals’ stress reactions, job satisfaction, intention to leave and health-related outcomes in acute care, rehabilitation and psychiatric hospitals, nursing homes and home care organisations

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2024

Development of a complex Interdisciplinary Nurse-coordinated SELf-MAnagement (INSELMA) intervention for patients with inflammatory arthritis

Variations in healthcare utilization for mental health problems prior to suicide by socioeconomic status: a Norwegian register-based population study

Health seeking behaviours and private sector delivery of care for non-communicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

Identifying gaps in healthcare: a qualitative study of Ukrainian refugee experiences in the German system, uncovering differences, information and support needs

Effective strategies for Fecal Immunochemical Tests (FIT) programs to improve colorectal cancer screening uptake among populations with limited access to the healthcare system: a rapid review

Correction: Cost modelling rehabilitation in the home for reconditioning in the Australian context