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Clinical Oral Investigations
Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations 8/2023

31-05-2023 | Bruxism | Research

Sleep bruxism events: an epiphenomenon of severe obstructive sleep apnea?

Authors: Adrian Ujin Yap, Madeleine Wan Yong Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan Tan, Ai Ping Chua

Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Issue 8/2023

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Abstract

Objectives

This study investigated the temporal relationships between apnea–hypopnea (AH) and sleep bruxism (SB) events and correlated SB to various respiratory/sleep indexes in adult patients with concomitant obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and SB.

Materials and methods

Nocturnal PSG data of 147 consecutive OSA patients were examined for comorbid SB. Among the 49 subjects with coexisting OSA and SB, 26 were randomly selected for in-depth appraisal of temporal patterns which were classified as T1 (unrelated activities), T2 (AH events occur before SB events), T3 (SB events occur before AH events), and T4 (AH and SB events occur simultaneously). Data were analyzed using Mann–Whitney U tests and Spearman’s correlation (α = 0.05).

Results

The majority (84.5%) of AH events were unrelated to SB events. Of the 15.5% of related activities, T2 and T3 patterns occurred in 14.1% and 1.4%, respectively. SB events/index, the percentage of unrelated/related AH-SB events, and T2-T3 episodes were not associated with gender, age, body mass (BMI), and apnea–hypopnea (AHI) index. SB events were related to total sleep time (rs = 0.44), but no significant associations were discerned between SB and AH index.

Conclusions

As most AH events were unrelated to SB events, OSA and SB are probably epiphenomena in adult patients with concomitant conditions. Where AH-SB events were related, the T2 temporal pattern, where SB events were subsequent to AH events, featured predominantly alluding to a specific form of secondary SB triggered by sleep micro-arousals.

Clinical relevance

AH and SB events are probably epiphenomena in adult patients with coexisting OSA and SB. Even so, OSA patients should be routinely screened for SB and vice versa considering their frequent comorbidity.
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Metadata
Title
Sleep bruxism events: an epiphenomenon of severe obstructive sleep apnea?
Authors
Adrian Ujin Yap
Madeleine Wan Yong Tan
Sharon Hui Xuan Tan
Ai Ping Chua
Publication date
31-05-2023
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Clinical Oral Investigations / Issue 8/2023
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Electronic ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-05089-w

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