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BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2020

01-12-2020 | Bronchitis | Research article

Association of air pollution with outpatient visits for respiratory diseases of children in an ex-heavily polluted Northwestern city, China

Authors: Yueling Ma, Li Yue, Jiangtao Liu, Xiaotao He, Lanyu Li, Jingping Niu, Bin Luo

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Background

A great number of studies have confirmed that children are a particularly vulnerable population to air pollution.

Methods

In the present study, 332,337 outpatient visits of 15 hospitals for respiratory diseases among children (0–13 years), as well as the simultaneous meteorological and air pollution data, were obtained from 2014 to 2016 in Lanzhou, China. The generalized additive model was used to examine the effects of air pollutants on children’s respiratory outpatient visits, including the stratified analysis of age, gender and season.

Results

We found that PM2.5, NO2 and SO2 were significantly associated with the increased total respiratory outpatient visits. The increments of total respiratory outpatient visits were the highest in lag 05 for NO2 and SO2, a 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 and SO2 was associated with a 2.50% (95% CI: 1.54, 3.48%) and 3.50% (95% CI: 1.51, 5.53%) increase in total respiratory outpatient visits, respectively. Those associations remained stable in two-pollutant models. Through stratification analysis, all air pollutants other than PM10 were significantly positive associated with the outpatients of bronchitis and upper respiratory tract infection. Besides, both NO2 and SO2 were positively related to the pneumonia outpatient visits. PM2.5 and SO2 were significantly related to the outpatient visits of other respiratory diseases, while only NO2 was positively associated with the asthma outpatients. We found these associations were stronger in girls than in boys, particularly in younger (0–3 years) children. Interestingly, season stratification analysis indicated that these associations were stronger in the cold season than in the transition or the hot season for PM10, PM2.5 and SO2.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that the air pollution exposure may account for the increased risk of outpatient visits for respiratory diseases among children in Lanzhou, particularly for younger children and in the cold season.
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Metadata
Title
Association of air pollution with outpatient visits for respiratory diseases of children in an ex-heavily polluted Northwestern city, China
Authors
Yueling Ma
Li Yue
Jiangtao Liu
Xiaotao He
Lanyu Li
Jingping Niu
Bin Luo
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08933-w

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