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Open Access 01-12-2021 | Breast Cancer | Research article

Validation of Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer scale in a Moroccan sample of breast cancer women

Authors: Mohammed El Amine Ragala, Jaouad El Hilaly, Lamiae Amaadour, Majid Omari, Achraf E. L. AsriI, Mariam Atassi, Zineb Benbrahim, Nawfel Mellas, Karima E. L. Rhazi, Karima Halim, Btissame Zarrouq

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2021

Abstract

Background

The Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale (Mini-MAC) instrument is commonly used worldwide by professionals of oncology, but the scale has not, up to date, been validated in Arabic and Moroccan context, and there is an absence of data in the Moroccan population. This study aims to validate the Mini-MAC, translated and adapted to the Arabic language and Moroccan culture, in women with breast cancer.

Methods

Data were analyzed in two successive phases. First, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to assess the factor structure in the pilot sample (N = 158). Then, this structure was confirmed in the validation sample (N = 203) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Results

Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed Watson’s original structure underlying the Mini-MAC items: Helpless/Hopeless, Anxious Preoccupation, Fighting Spirit, Cognitive Avoidance, and Fatalism. Absolute, incremental, and parsimonious fit indices showed a highly significant level of acceptance confirming a good performance of the measurement model. The instrument showed sufficient reliability and convergent validity demonstrated by acceptable values of composite reliability (CR =0.93–0.97), and average variance extracted (AVE = 0.66–0.93), respectively. The square roots of AVE were higher than factor-factor pairs correlations, and the Heterotrait-Monotrait ratio of correlations values were lesser than 0.85, indicating acceptable discriminant validity.

Conclusions

reliability; and both convergent and discriminant validity tests indicated that the Arabic version of the Mini-MAC had a good performance and may serve as a valid tool measuring psychological responses to cancer diagnosis and treatment.

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Title: Validation of Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer scale in a Moroccan sample of breast cancer women
Authors: Mohammed El Amine Ragala
Jaouad El Hilaly
Lamiae Amaadour
Majid Omari
Achraf E. L. AsriI
Mariam Atassi
Zineb Benbrahim
Nawfel Mellas
Karima E. L. Rhazi
Karima Halim
Btissame Zarrouq
Publication date: 01-12-2021
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Breast Cancer
Breast Cancer
Published in: BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-08755-y

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