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BMC Cancer
Published in: BMC Cancer 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Breast Cancer | Research

The residual cancer burden index as a valid prognostic indicator in breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Authors: Xin Xu, Wei Zhao, Cuicui Liu, Yongsheng Gao, Dawei Chen, Meng Wu, Chao Li, Xinzhao Wang, Xiang Song, Jinming Yu, Zhaoyun Liu, Zhiyong Yu

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Purpose

The residual cancer burden index (RCB) was proposed as a response evaluation criterion in breast cancer patients treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NAC). This study evaluated the relevance of RCB with replase-free survival (RFS).

Methods

The clinical data of 254 breast cancer patients who received NAC between 2016 and 2020 were retrospectively collected. The relationship between clinicopathologic factors and RFS was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. RFS estimates were determined by Kaplan–Meier(K-M) analysis and compared using the log-rank test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors associated with RCB. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed the potential of the RCB and MP grading systems as biomarkers for RFS.

Results

At a median follow-up of 52 months, 59 patients(23.23%) developed relapse. Multivariate Cox regression showed that older age (P = 0.022), high Pathologic T stage after NAC (P = 0.023) and a high RCB score(P = 0.003) were risk factors for relapse. The outcomes of the multivariate logistic analysis indicated that RCB 0 (pathologic complete response [pCR]) was associated with HER2-positive patients (P = 0.002) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients (P = 0.013). In addition, the RCB and MP scoring systems served as prognostic markers for patients who received NAC, and their area under curves (AUCs) were 0.691 and 0.342, respectively.

Conclusion

These data suggest that RCB can be equally applied to predict RFS in Chinese patients with NAC. The application of RCB may help guide the selection of treatment strategies.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
The residual cancer burden index as a valid prognostic indicator in breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors
Xin Xu
Wei Zhao
Cuicui Liu
Yongsheng Gao
Dawei Chen
Meng Wu
Chao Li
Xinzhao Wang
Xiang Song
Jinming Yu
Zhaoyun Liu
Zhiyong Yu
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-11719-z

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