Top

Published in:

01-09-2018 | Original Article

Body weight and hematological changes induced by chronic exposure to low levels of chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin combination in rats: the effect of alpha-lipoic acid

Authors: Chidiebere Uchendu, S. F. Ambali, J. O. Ayo, K. A. N. Esievo

Published in: Comparative Clinical Pathology | Issue 5/2018

Abstract

The study was aimed at evaluating the effect of the combination of low levels of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and deltamethrin (DLT) on body weight and hematological parameters in Wistar rats, and the effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA). Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups of eight each. Group I (S/oil) was given soya oil at 2 ml kg⁻¹; group II (ALA) received ALA at 60 mg kg⁻¹. Group III (DLT) received DLT at 6.25 mg kg⁻¹ [1/20th median lethal dose (LD₅₀)], while group IV (CPF) was given CPF at 4.75 mg kg⁻¹ (1/20th LD₅₀). Rats in group V (CPF+DLT) received the combination of CPF and DLT, while rats in group VI (ALA+CPF+DLT) were pretreated with ALA at 60 mg kg⁻¹ and then co-exposed to CPF and DLT, 45 min later. The regimens were administered once daily by gavage for 4 months. Co-exposure to CPF and DLT caused significant (P < 0.05) changes in body weight and some hematological parameters (red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR)). Pretreatment with ALA did not significantly ameliorate most of the alterations induced by the pesticide combination. It was concluded that co-exposure to CPF and DLT caused more adverse effect on body weight and some hematological parameters than single pesticide exposure; pretreatment with ALA at 60 mg kg⁻¹ did not significantly ameliorate the changes induced by the pesticide co-exposure.

Ambali SF, Akanbi DO, Oladipo OO, Yaqub LS, Kawu MU (2011) Subchronic chlorpyrifos-induced clinical, hematological and biochemical changes in Swiss albino mice: protective effect of vitamin E. Int J Biol Med Res 2(2):497–503 ISSN: 0976-66685

Arivazhagan P, Juliet P, Thilakavathy T, Panneerselvam C (1999) DL-α-lipoic acid supplementation attenuates the age-related changes in membrane-bound ATPases in rats. J Clin Biochem Nutr 27:141–150. https://doi.org/10.3164/jcbn.27.141 CrossRef

Bilska A, Dudek M, Iciek M, Kwiecien I, Sokolowska-Jewewicz M, Filipek B, Wlodek L (2008) Biological actions of lipoic acid associated with sulfane sulfur metabolism. Pharmacol Rep 60:225–232 ISSN: 1734 1140PubMed

Celik I, Yilmaz Z, Turkoglu V (2009) Hematotoxic and hepatotoxic effects of dichlorvos at sublethal dosages in rats. Environ Toxicol 24:128–132CrossRefPubMed

Chargui I, Grissa I, Bensassi F, Hrira YM, Haouem S, Haouas Z, Bencheikh H (2012) Oxidative stress, biochemical and histopathological alterations in liver and kidney of female rats exposed to low doses of deltamethrin (DM): a molecular assessment. Biomed Environ Sci 25(6):672–683PubMed

El-Gerbed MSA (2011) Protective effect of lycopene on deltamethrin-induced histological and ultrastructural changes in tissue of rats. Toxicol Ind Health 30(2):160–173. https://doi.org/10.1177/0748233712448115 CrossRef

El-Halwagy M, Hassanin L (2006) Alpha lipoic acid ameliorate changes that occur in neurotransmitters and antioxidant enzymes that were influenced by profenofos insecticides. J Egypt Soc Toxicol 34:55–62

Elsharkawy EE, Yahia D, El-Nisr NA (2013) Sub-chronic exposure to chlorpyrifos induces hematological, metabolic disorders and oxidative stress in rat: attenuation by glutathione. Environ Toxicol Pharm 35:218–227CrossRef

El-Tawil MF (2014) Toxicological effects of short-term feeding with chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl insecticides on adult albino rats. Middle East J Agric Res 3(2):208–220 ISSN 2077-4605

Ezzi L, Salah IB, Haouas Z, Sakly A, Grissa I, Chakroun S, Kerkeni E, Hassine M, Mehdi M, Cheikh HB (2016) Histopathological and genotoxic effects of chlorpyrifos in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:4859–4867. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5722-x CrossRef

Goel A, Dani V, Dhawan DK (2005) Protective effects of zinc on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes and hepatic histoarchitecture in chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity. Chem Biol Interact 156:131–140CrossRefPubMed

Goodman DA, Goodman CB, Monk JS (1995) Use of the neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio in the diagnosis of appendicitis. Am Surg 61(3):257–259 788754PubMed

Haratym-Maj A (2002) Hematological alterations after pyrethroids poisoning in mice. Ann Agric Environ Med 9:199–206PubMed

Hernández AF, Parrón T, Tsatsakis AM, Requena M, Alarcón R, López-Guarnido O (2013) Toxic effects of pesticide mixtures at a molecular level: their relevance to human health. Toxicology 307:136–145CrossRefPubMed

Kanu KC, Ijioma SN, Atiata O (2016) Haematological, biochemical and antioxidant changes in Wistar rats exposed to dichlorvos based insecticide formulation used in Southeast Nigeria. Toxics 4:28. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics4040028 CrossRefPubMedCentral

Khan SM, Sobti RC, Kataria L (2005) Pesticide-induced alteration in mice hepato-oxidative status and protective effects of black tea extract. Clin Chim Acta 358:131–138CrossRefPubMed

Manna S, Bhattacharyya D, Mandal TK, Das S (2004) Repeated dose toxicity of deltamethrin in rats. Indian J Pharm 37(3):160–164. https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.16212. CrossRef

Mansour AS, Mossa AH (2010) Oxidative damage, biochemical and histopathological alterations in rats exposed to chlorpyrifos and the antioxidant role of zinc. Pest Biochem Phys 96:14–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2009.08.008 CrossRef

Meggs WJ, Brewer KL (2007) Weight gain associated with chronic exposure to chlorpyrifos in rats. J Med Toxicol 3(3):89–92CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

National Research Council (NRC) (1996) Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. Academic Press, Washington, DC

Palaniyappan A, Alphonse R (2011) Immunomodulatory effect of DL-α-lipoic acid in aged rats. Exp Gerontol 46:709–715CrossRefPubMed

Perera J, Tan JH, Jeevathayaparan S, Chakravarthi S, Haleagrahara N (2011) Neuroprotective effects of alpha lipoic acid on haloperidol-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain. Cell Biosci 1:12. http://www.cellandbioscience.com/content/1/1/12. https://doi.org/10.1186/2045-3701-1-12 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Saoudi M, Messarah M, Boumendjel A, Jamoussi K, El feki A (2011) Protective effects of vitamin C against hematological and biochemical toxicity by deltamethrin in male Wistar rats. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 74:1765–1769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.04.003 CrossRef

Uchendu C, Ambali SF, Ayo JO, Esievo KAN, Umosen AJ (2014) Erythrocyte osmotic fragility and lipid peroxidation following chronic co-exposure of rats to chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin, and the beneficial effect of alpha-lipoic acid. Toxicol Rep 1:373–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.07.002. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Uchendu C, Ambali SF, Ayo JO, Esievo KAN (2015) The protective role of alpha-lipoic acid on long-term exposure of rats to the combination of chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin pesticides. Toxicol Ind Health 31(12):1061–1347. https://doi.org/10.1177/0748233715616553 CrossRef

Uzun FG, Kalender Y (2013) Chlorpyrifos induced hepatotoxic and hematologic changes in rats. The role of quercetin and catechin. Food Chem Toxicol 55:549–556CrossRefPubMed

Wagner DD, Burger PC (2003) Platelets in inflammation and thrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 23(12):2131–2137CrossRefPubMed

Wang P, Wang HP, Xu MY, Liang YJ, Sun YJ, Yang L, Li L, Li W, Wu YJ (2014) Combined subchronic toxicity of dichlorvos with malathion or pirimicarb in mice liver and serum: a metabonomic study. Food Chem Toxicol 70:222–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2014.05.027 CrossRefPubMed

Wollin SD, Jones PJ (2003) Alpha-lipoic acid and cardiovascular disease. J Nutri 133(11):3327–3330CrossRef

Title: Body weight and hematological changes induced by chronic exposure to low levels of chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin combination in rats: the effect of alpha-lipoic acid
Authors: Chidiebere Uchendu
S. F. Ambali
J. O. Ayo
K. A. N. Esievo
Publication date: 01-09-2018
Publisher: Springer London
Published in: Comparative Clinical Pathology / Issue 5/2018
Print ISSN: 1618-5641
Electronic ISSN: 1618-565X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-018-2750-1

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Body weight and hematological changes induced by chronic exposure to low levels of chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin combination in rats: the effect of alpha-lipoic acid

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 5/2018

Diet quality and diet patterns in relation to circulating renal biomarkers in uninephrectomized rats

Phylogenetic analysis of Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma ovis isolated from small ruminant based on MSP4 gene in western regions of Iran

Seroprevalence of brucellosis in different kinds of feline population in north-east of Iran

Fibronectin gene polymorphisms in HCV related type II mixed cryoglobulinemia: risk of development of B-cell lymphoma

Blood metabolite profile in Holstein-Friesian cows fed diets varying in dry matter and metabolizable energy density during early lactation

Protective effect of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. fruit extract on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats