Published in:
01-04-2013
Blood Transfusion is an Important Predictor of Hospital Mortality Among Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Published in: Neurocritical Care | Issue 2/2013
Login to get accessAbstract
Background
Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) has been associated with increased mortality but prior studies have not adequately adjusted for transfusion-indication bias.
Methods
This is a retrospective study of consecutive aSAH patients admitted to the intensive care units of two academic medical centers over a 7-year period. Data collection included demographics, World Federation of Neurosurgical Surgeons score (WFNS), modified Fisher score (mFisher), admission and nadir hemoglobin (Hb) level, vasospasm, cerebral infarction, acute lung injury, and hospital mortality. The association between RBC transfusion and mortality was evaluated using a multivariate logistic regression analysis using the propensity for RBC transfusion as a covariate.
Results
We identified 318 patients. The median age was 54 years (46, 65), and 204 (64 %) were females. Hospital mortality was 13 % (42/318). Seventy-two (23 %) patients were transfused. Predictors of transfusion were admit and nadir Hb levels (p < 0.001), age (p = 0.02), gender (0.008), WFNS score (p < 0.001), mFisher score (p = 0.009), surgical versus endovascular treatment (p < 0.001) and moderate to severe vasospasm (p = 0.025) were predictors of transfusion. After adjustment for probability of receiving RBC transfusion, APACHE IV and nadir Hb, transfusion remained independently associated with hospital mortality (OR 3.16, 95 % CI = 1.02–9.69, p = 0.047).
Conclusions
Among patients with aSAH, RBC transfusion was independently associated with an increased mortality after adjustment for the most common clinical indications for transfusion.