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01-12-2006 | Review

Bench-to-bedside review: The role of glycosaminoglycans in respiratory disease

Authors: Alba B Souza-Fernandes, Paolo Pelosi, Patricia RM Rocco

Published in: Critical Care | Issue 6/2006

Abstract

The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a significant role in the mechanical behaviour of the lung parenchyma. The ECM is composed of a three-dimensional fibre mesh that is filled with various macromolecules, among which are the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). GAGs are long, linear and highly charged heterogeneous polysaccharides that are composed of a variable number of repeating disaccharide units. There are two main types of GAGs: nonsulphated GAG (hyaluronic acid) and sulphated GAGs (heparan sulphate and heparin, chondroitin sulphate, dermatan sulphate, and keratan sulphate). With the exception of hyaluronic acid, GAGs are usually covalently attached to a protein core, forming an overall structure that is referred to as proteoglycan. In the lungs, GAGs are distributed in the interstitium, in the sub-epithelial tissue and bronchial walls, and in airway secretions. GAGs have important functions in lung ECM: they regulate hydration and water homeostasis; they maintain structure and function; they modulate the inflammatory response; and they influence tissue repair and remodelling. Given the great diversity of GAG structures and the evidence that GAGs may have a protective effect against injury in various respiratory diseases, an understanding of changes in GAG expression that occur in disease may lead to opportunities to develop innovative and selective therapies in the future.

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Title: Bench-to-bedside review: The role of glycosaminoglycans in respiratory disease
Authors: Alba B Souza-Fernandes
Paolo Pelosi
Patricia RM Rocco
Publication date: 01-12-2006
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Critical Care / Issue 6/2006
Electronic ISSN: 1364-8535
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/cc5069

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Bench-to-bedside review: The role of glycosaminoglycans in respiratory disease

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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