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Immunologic Research
Published in: Immunologic Research 1-3/2013

01-12-2013 | Immunology & Microbiology in Miami

Autoimmune effector memory T cells: the bad and the good

Authors: Priyadharshini Devarajan, Zhibin Chen

Published in: Immunologic Research | Issue 1-3/2013

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Abstract

Immunological memory is a hallmark of adaptive immunity, a defense mechanism endowed to vertebrates during evolution. However, an autoimmune pathogenic role of memory lymphocytes is also emerging with accumulating evidence, despite reasonable skepticism on their existence in a chronic setting of autoimmune damage. It is conceivable that autoimmune memory would be particularly harmful since memory cells would constantly “remember” and attack the body’s healthy tissues. It is even more detrimental given the resistance of memory T cells to immunomodulatory therapies. In this review, we focus on self-antigen-reactive CD4+ effector memory T (TEM) cells, surveying the evidence for the role of the TEM compartment in autoimmune pathogenesis. We will also discuss the role of TEM cells in chronic and acute infectious disease settings and how they compare to their counterparts in autoimmune diseases. With their long-lasting potency, the autoimmune TEM cells could also play a critical role in anti-tumor immunity, which may be largely based on their reactivity to self-antigens. Therefore, although autoimmune TEM cells are “bad” due to their role in relentless perpetration of tissue damage in autoimmune disease settings, they are unlikely a by-product of industrial development along the modern surge of autoimmune disease prevalence. Rather, they may be a product of evolution for their “good” in clearing damaged host cells in chronic infections and malignant cells in cancer settings.
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Metadata
Title
Autoimmune effector memory T cells: the bad and the good
Authors
Priyadharshini Devarajan
Zhibin Chen
Publication date
01-12-2013
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Immunologic Research / Issue 1-3/2013
Print ISSN: 0257-277X
Electronic ISSN: 1559-0755
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-013-8448-1

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