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01-12-2018 | Original Paper

Astrocytic degeneration in chronic traumatic encephalopathy

Authors: Eric T. Hsu, Mihika Gangolli, Shiran Su, Laurena Holleran, Thor D. Stein, Victor E. Alvarez, Ann C. McKee, Robert E. Schmidt, David L. Brody

Published in: Acta Neuropathologica | Issue 6/2018

Abstract

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with repeated head traumas. Using immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein as a marker, plus automated quantitative analysis, we examined the characteristics and extent of astrogliosis present in stage III and IV CTE, along with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) cases. Astrogliosis in CTE patients was more diffuse compared to that of AD and FTD patients, which was concentrated in the sulcal depths. Of 14 patients with CTE, 10 exhibited signs of a degenerating astrocyte pathology, characterized by beaded, broken astrocytic processes. This astrocytic degeneration was typically found to be diffuse throughout the white matter, although two cases demonstrated astrocytic degeneration in the gray matter. The degeneration was also observed in 2 of 3 AD and 2 of 3 FTD brains, with overall similar characteristics across diseases. There was minimal to no astrocytic degeneration in six age-matched controls with no neurodegenerative disease. We found that the extent of the white matter astrocytic degeneration was strongly correlated with the level of overall astrogliosis in both the white and gray matter. However, astrocytic degeneration was not correlated with the overall extent of tau pathology. Specifically, there was no correlation between levels of p-tau in the sulcal depths and astrocytic degeneration in the white matter adjacent to the sulcal depths. Thus, astrocytic degeneration and overall astrogliosis appear to represent distinct pathological features of CTE. Further investigation into these astroglial pathologies could provide new insights into underlying disease mechanisms and represent a potential target for in vivo assessment of CTE as well as other neurodegenerative disorders.

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Title: Astrocytic degeneration in chronic traumatic encephalopathy
Authors: Eric T. Hsu
Mihika Gangolli
Shiran Su
Laurena Holleran
Thor D. Stein
Victor E. Alvarez
Ann C. McKee
Robert E. Schmidt
David L. Brody
Publication date: 01-12-2018
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Acta Neuropathologica / Issue 6/2018
Print ISSN: 0001-6322
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0533
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-018-1902-3

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Astrocytic degeneration in chronic traumatic encephalopathy

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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