Top

Published in:

Open Access 11-12-2022 | Original Article

Associations between digital gaming behavior and physical activity among Finnish vocational students

Authors: Mikko Salmensalo, Heidi Ruotsalainen, Krista Hylkilä, Maria Kääriäinen, Jenni Konttila, Merja Männistö, Niko Männikkö

Published in: Journal of Public Health | Issue 1/2024

Abstract

Digital gaming is considered to be a major sedentary lifestyle among youth. The time spent on digital gaming may also affect the physical behavior of young adults.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the associations between various characteristics of digital gaming behavior (i.e., gaming time, device, and game type) and participation in physical activity among Finnish vocational students.

Materials and methods

The research employed a cross-sectional survey design. The analyzed sample consisted of 773 students (455 males, 318 females) from eight vocational school units in Northern Finland who regularly played digital games. Data were collected via an online self-reported questionnaire, which included questions concerning average weekly time spent on digital gaming, preferred device, favorite types of games, and physical activity.

Results

The students spent an average of two hours each day playing digital games. Males preferred to play using personal computers (PCs), whereas mobile gaming was more popular among females. Shooter (42.4%) and entertainment (64.2%) games were the most popular game types among males and females, respectively. The results revealed that male gender and PC gaming were both positively related to physical inactivity among vocational school students. A preference toward sport games was inversely related with physical inactivity.

Conclusion

The presented findings can be utilized to develop interventions that target the prevention of sedentary behavior among vocational students. Further longitudinal studies will be required to reliably assess the relationship between digital gaming and physical activity.

Finnish National Board on Research Integrity. The ethical principles of research with human participants and ethical review in the human sciences in Finland. Finnish National Board on Research Integrity TENK guidelines 2019. https://www.tenk.fi/sites/tenk.fi/files/Ihmistieteiden_eettisen_ennakkoarvioinnin_ohje_2019.pdf (2019).

Adachi PJC, Willoughby T (2015) From the couch to the sports field: The longitudinal associations between sports video game play, self-esteem, and involvement in sports. Psychol Pop Media Cult 4(4):329–341. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000042CrossRef

Adachi PJC, Willoughby T (2016) Does playing sports video games predict increased involvement in real-life sports over several years among older adolescents and emerging adults? J Youth Adolesc 45(2):391–401. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-015-0312-2CrossRefPubMed

Adams E, Dormans J (2012) Game mechanics: Advanced game design. New Riders, Berkeley

Bailey R (2006) Physical education and sport in schools: a review of benefits and outcomes. J Sch Health 76(8):397–401. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2006.00132.xCrossRefPubMed

Balakrishnan VS (2022) Europe's obesity burden on the rise: WHO report. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 10(7):488. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00165-6CrossRefPubMed

Ballard M, Gray M, Reilly J, Noggle M (2009) Correlates of video game screen time among males: Body mass, physical activity, and other media use. Eat Behav 10(3):161–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2009.05.001CrossRefPubMed

Biddle SJH, Pearson N, Ross GM, Braithwaite R (2010) Tracking of sedentary behaviours of young people: A systematic review. Prev Med 51(5):345–351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.07.018CrossRefPubMed

Bouchard C, Blair SN, Haskell WL (2007) Physical activity and health. Human Kinetics, Champaign

Brooks GA, Butte NF, Rand WM et al (2004) Chronicle of the Institute of Medicine physical activity recommendation: How a physical activity recommendation came to be among dietary recommendations. Am J Clin Nutr 79(5). https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/79.5.921s

Brownson RC, Boehmer TK, Luke DA (2005) Declining rates of physical activity in the United States: What are the contributors? Annu Rev Public Health 26:421–443. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.26.021304.144437CrossRefPubMed

Carrel AL, Clark RR, Peterson SE et al (2005) Improvement of fitness, body composition, and insulin sensitivity in overweight children in a school-based exercise program: a randomized, controlled study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 159(10):963–968. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.159.10.963CrossRefPubMed

Carson V, Hunter S, Kuzik N et al (2016) Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth: an update. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 41(6):S240–S265. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2015-0630CrossRefPubMed

Caspersen C, Powell K, Gregory C (1985) Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Rep 100(2):126–131. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc1424733/. Accessed 17 June 2022

Chen MG (2009) Communication, coordination, and camaraderie in world of warcraft. Games Cult 4(1):47–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/1555412008325478CrossRef

Chen Y, Zheng Z, Yi J, Yao S (2014) Associations between physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors among adolescents in 10 cities in China. BMC Public Health 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-744

Cheval B, Radel R, Neva JL et al (2018) Behavioral and neural evidence of the rewarding value of exercise behaviors: a systematic review. Sport Med 48(6):1389–1404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0898-0CrossRef

Cole H, Griffiths MD (2007) Social interactions in massively multiplayer online role-playing gamers. Cyberpsychology Behav 10(4):575–583. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2007.9988CrossRef

Davies B, Blake E (2016) Evaluating existing strategies to limit video game playing time. IEEE Comput Graph Appl 36(2):47–57. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCG.2016.25CrossRefPubMed

De la Haye K, Robins G, Mohr P, Wilson C (2011) How physical activity shapes, and is shaped by, adolescent friendships. Soc Sci Med 73(5):719–728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.06.023CrossRefPubMed

Dini K (2012) On video games, culture, and therapy. Psychoanal Inq 32:496–505. https://doi.org/10.1080/07351690.2012.703586CrossRef

Domahidi E, Festl R, Quandt T (2014) To dwell among gamers: investigating the relationship between social online game use and gaming-related friendships. Comput Human Behav 35:107–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.02.023CrossRef

Ducheneaut N, Moore RJ (2005) More than just ‘XP’: Learning social skills in massively multiplayer online games. Interact Technol Smart Educ 2(2):89–100. https://doi.org/10.1108/17415650580000035CrossRef

Farmer O, Belton S, O’Brien W (2017) The relationship between actual fundamental motor skill proficiency, perceived motor skill confidence and competence, and physical activity in 8–12-year-old Irish female youth. Sports 5(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/sports5040074

Elliott L, Golub A, Ream G, Dunlap E (2012) Video game genre as a predictor of problem use. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 15(3):155–161. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2011.0387CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Eurostat (2019) Health-enhancing physical activity statistics. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/SEPDF/cache/68502.pdf. Accessed 15 June 2022

Finnish institute of health and welfare (2021) Well-being of children and young people – School Health Promotion study. Statistics in databases. https://sampo.thl.fi/pivot/prod/fi/ktk/ktk1/fact_ktk_ktk1?row=measure-199398.199281.187196.200386.200280.200144.200264.199843.200516.200573.199990.199851.199900.199350.199937.199261.200129.303368.199682.199907.200283.199761.205425.199600836.&column=time-601069&column=stage_of_stady-161293.161123.161219.&column=gender-143993.&fo=1#. Accessed 17 June 2022

Foley L, Maddison R (2010) Use of active video games to increase physical activity in children: a (virtual) reality? Pediatr Exerc Sci 22(1):7–20. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.22.1.7CrossRefPubMed

Guo Y, Shi H, Yu D, Qiu P (2016) Health benefits of traditional Chinese sports and physical activity for older adults: a systematic review of evidence. J Sport Heal Sci 5(3):270–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2016.07.002CrossRef

Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC (2020) Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1·6 million participants. Lancet Child Adolesc Heal 4(1):23–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30323-2CrossRef

Griffiths MD, Nuyens F (2017) An overview of structural characteristics in problematic video game playing. Curr Addict Reports 4(3):272–283. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-017-0162-yCrossRef

Hagstromer M, Ainsworth BE, Oja P, Sjostrom M (2010) Comparison of a subjective and an objective measure of physical activity in a population sample. J Phys Act Heal 7(4):541–550. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.7.4.541CrossRef

Federal De Pelotas U, Pelotas B, Hallal PC et al (2012) Global physical activity levels: surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects for the Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group. Physical activity in a changing world. Lancet 380(380):247–257 10.1016/

Hamari J, Sjöblom M (2017) What is eSports and why do people watch it? Internet Res 27(2):211–232. https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-04-2016-0085CrossRef

Hands B, Larkin D, Parker H et al (2009) The relationship among physical activity, motor competence and health-related fitness in 14-year-old adolescents. Scand J Med Sci Sport 19(5):655–663. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00847.xCrossRef

Hankonen N, Heino MTJ, Kujala E et al (2017) What explains the socioeconomic status gap in activity? Educational differences in determinants of physical activity and screentime. BMC Public Health 17(1):1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3880-5CrossRef

Heaven D (2014) Rise and rise of esports. New Sci 223(2982):17. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(14)61574-8CrossRef

Heradstveit O, Heradstveit O, Haugland S et al (2020) Physical inactivity, non-participation in sports and socioeconomic status: a large population-based study among Norwegian adolescents. BMC Public Health 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09141-2

Hinkley T, Teychenne M, Downing KL et al (2014) Early childhood physical activity, sedentary behaviors and psychosocial well-being: a systematic review. Prev Med 62:182–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.02.007CrossRefPubMed

Holden JT, Kaburakis A, Rodenberg RM (2018) Esports: children, stimulants and video-gaming-induced inactivity. J Paediatr Child Health 54(8):830–831. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.13897CrossRefPubMed

Huang LT, Chiu CA, Sung K, Farn CK (2011) A comparative study on the flow experience in web-based and text-based interaction environments. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 14(1-2):3–11. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2009.0256CrossRefPubMed

Huard Pelletier V, Lessard A, Piché F et al (2020) Video games and their associations with physical health: a scoping review. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000832

Hull DC, Williams GA, Griffiths MD (2013) Video game characteristics, happiness and flow as predictors of addiction among video game players: a pilot study. J Behav Addict 2(3):145–152. https://doi.org/10.1556/JBA.2.2013.005CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Jiow HJ, Athwal RJS, Chew LL et al (2018) Perceptions of video gaming careers and its implications on parental mediation. First Monday 23(2). https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v23i2.8048

Juul J (2005) Half-Real: video games between real rules and fictional worlds. MIT Press, Cambridge

Katzmarzyk PT, Church TS, Craig CL, Bouchard C (2009) Sitting time and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Med Sci Sports Exerc 41(5):998–1005. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181930355CrossRefPubMed

Kim NR, Hwang SSH, Choi JS et al (2016) Characteristics and psychiatric symptoms of internet gaming disorder among adults using self-reported DSM-5 criteria. Psychiatry Investig 13(1):58–66. https://doi.org/10.4306/pi.2016.13.1.58CrossRefPubMed

King D, Delfabbro P (2009) Motivational differences in problem video game play. J Cyber Ther Rehabil 2(2):139–149

Kinnunen J, Taskinen J, Mäyrä F (2020) Pelaajabarometri 2020: Pelaamista koronan aikaan. Tampereen yliopisto, Tampere

Kneer J, Rieger D, Ivory JD, Ferguson C (2014) Awareness of risk factors for digital game addiction: interviewing players and counselors. Int J Ment Health Addict 12(5):585–599. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-014-9489-yCrossRef

Koezuka N, Koo M, Allison KR et al (2006) The relationship between sedentary activities and physical inactivity among adolescents: Results from the Canadian Community Health Survey. J Adolesc Heal 39(4):515–522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.02.005CrossRef

Kovess-Masfety V, Keyes K, Hamilton A et al (2016) Is time spent playing video games associated with mental health, cognitive and social skills in young children? Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 51(3):349–357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-016-1179-6CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Kowert R, Oldmeadow JA (2013) (A)Social reputation: Exploring the relationship between online video game involvement and social competence. Comput Human Behav 29(4):1872–1878. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.03.003CrossRef

Kowert R, Domahidi E, Festl R, Quandt T (2014) Social gaming, lonely life? The impact of digital game play on adolescents’ social circles. Comput Human Behav 36:385–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.003CrossRef

Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD (2012) Internet and gaming addiction: a systematic literature review of neuroimaging studies. Brain Sci 2(3):347–374. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci2030347CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Ledergerber M, Steffen TH (2011) Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents from 1977 to 2009 - Examination of the school medical data of more than 94 000 school-age children in the city of Basel (Switzerland). Gesundheitswesen 73(1):46–53. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1268447CrossRefPubMed

Lee HH, Emerson JA, Williams DM (2016) The exercise-affect-adherence pathway: An evolutionary perspective. Front Psychol 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01285

Lee I-M, Shiroma EJ, Lobelo F et al (2012) Impact of physical inactivity on the world’s major non-communicable diseases for the Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group. Lancet 211016(380983812):219–229CrossRef

Lieberman DE (2015) Is exercise really medicine? An evolutionary perspective. Curr Sports Med Rep 14(4):313–319. https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000000168CrossRefPubMed

Lizandra J, Devís-Devís J, Valencia-Peris A, Tomás JM, Peiró-Velert C (2019) Screen time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity changes and displacement in adolescence: A prospective cohort study. Eur J Sport Sci 19(5):686–695. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2018.1548649CrossRefPubMed

Lubans D, Richards J, Hillman C et al (2016) Physical activity for cognitive and mental health in youth: A systematic review of mechanisms. Pediatrics 138(3). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-1642

Macdonald-Wallis K, Jago R, Page AS et al (2011) School-based friendship networks and children’s physical activity: a spatial analytical approach. Soc Sci Med 73(1):6–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.04.018CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Magnussen CG, Thomson R, Cleland VJ et al (2011) Factors affecting the stability of blood lipid and lipoprotein levels from youth to adulthood: evidence from the childhood determinants of adult health study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 165(1):68–76. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.246CrossRefPubMed

Marshall SJ, Biddle SJH, Gorely T et al (2004) Relationships between media use, body fatness and physical activity in children and youth: a meta-analysis. Int J Obes 28(10):1238–1246. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802706CrossRef

Matthews CE, Chen KY, Freedson PS et al (2008) Amount of time spent in sedentary behaviors in the United States, 2003-2004. Am J Epidemiol 167(7):875–881. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwm390CrossRefPubMed

Melkevik O, Torsheim T, Iannotti RJ, Wold B (2010) Is spending time in screen-based sedentary behaviors associated with less physical activity: a cross national investigation. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-7-46

Ministry of Education and Culture (2018) Finnish education in a nutshell. Ministry of Education and Culture. https://www.oph.fi/en/statistics-and-publications/publications/finnish-education-nutshell. Accessed 17 June 2022

Mäyrä F, Kinnunen J, Lilja P (2018) Pelaajabarometri 2018 monimuotoistuva mobiilipelaaminen. Tampereen yliopisto, Tampere, Finland. https://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-03-0870-4. Assecced 30.4.2018

Männikkö N, Billieux J, Nordström T et al (2017) Problematic gaming behaviour in finnish adolescents and young adults: relation to game genres, gaming motives and self-awareness of problematic use. Int J Ment Health Addict 15(2):324–338. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-016-9726-7CrossRef

Männikkö N, Ruotsalainen H, Tolvanen A, Kääriäinen M (2020) Problematic gaming is associated with some health-related behaviors among Finnish vocational school students. Int J Ment Health Addict 18(4):993–1007. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-019-00100-6CrossRef

Newzoo (2021) Global cloud gaming report (website). https://newzoo.com/insights/trend-reports/global-cloud-gaming-report-2021-free-version. Assecced June 15, 2022

O’Brien W, Issartel J, Belton S (2018) Relationship between physical activity, screen time and weight status among young adolescents. Sports 6(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/sports6030057

O’Donovan G, Blazevich AJ, Boreham C et al (2010) The ABC of physical activity for health: a consensus statement from the British association of sport and exercise sciences. J Sports Sci 28(6):573–591. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640411003671212CrossRefPubMed

O’Donoghue G, Perchoux C, Mensah K et al (2016) A systematic review of correlates of sedentary behaviour in adults aged 18-65 years: a socio-ecological approach. BMC Public Health 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2841-3

Oliver M, Duncan S, Kuch C et al (2012) Prevalence of New Zealand children and adolescents achieving current physical activity and television watching recommendations. J Phys Act Heal 9(2):173–187. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.9.2.173CrossRef

Parshakov P, Zavertiaeva M (2018) Determinants of performance in eSports: a country-level analysis. Int J Sport Financ 13(1):34–51

Pate RR, O’Neill JR, Lobelo F (2008) The evolving definition of “sedentary.” Exerc Sport Sci Rev 36(4):173–178. https://doi.org/10.1097/JES.0b013e3181877d1aCrossRefPubMed

Pate RR, Wang CY, Dowda M, Farrell SW, O’Neill JR (2006) Cardiorespiratory fitness levels among US youth 12 to 19 years of age: findings from the 1999-2002 national health and nutrition examination survey. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 160(10):1005–1012. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.160.10.1005CrossRefPubMed

Paulus FW, Ohmann S, von Gontard A, Popow C (2018) Internet gaming disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol 60(7):645–659. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.13754CrossRefPubMed

Pearson N, Haycraft E, Johnston JP, Atkin AJ (2017) Sedentary behaviour across the primary-secondary school transition: a systematic review. Prev Med. 94:40–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.11.010CrossRefPubMed

Prochaska JJ, Sallis JF, Long B (2001) A physical activity screening measure for use with adolescents in primary care. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 155(5):554–559. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.155.5.554CrossRefPubMed

Rehbein F, Psych G, Kleimann M et al (2010) Prevalence and risk factors of video game dependency in adolescence: results of a German nationwide survey. Cyberpsychology, Behav Soc Netw 13(3):269–277. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2009.0227CrossRef

Reiner M, Niermann C, Jekauc D, Woll A (2013) Long-term health benefits of physical activity - A systematic review of longitudinal studies. BMC Public Health 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-813

Robinson LE, Goodway JD (2009) Instructional climates in preschool children who are at-risk. Part I: Object-control skill development. Res Q Exerc Sport 80(3):533–542. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2009.10599591CrossRefPubMed

Sandbrook C, Adams WM, Monteferri B (2015) Digital games and biodiversity conservation. Conserv Lett 8(2):118–124. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12113CrossRef

Schutz Y, Weinsier RL, Hunter GR (2001) Assessment of free-living physical activity in humans: an overview of currently available and proposed new measures. Obes Res 9(6):368–379. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2001.48CrossRefPubMed

Shephard RJ (2003) Limits to the measurement of habitual physical activity by questionnaires. Br J Sports Med 37(3):197–206. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.37.3.197CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Sherry JL (2004) Flow and media enjoyment. Commun Theory 14(4):328–347. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2004.tb00318.xCrossRef

Thorne HT, Smith JJ, Morgan PJ et al (2014) Video game genre preference, physical activity and screen-time in adolescent boys from low-income communities. J Adolesc 37(8):1345–1352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.09.012CrossRefPubMed

Tremblay MS, Warburton DER, Janssen I et al (2011) New Canadian physical activity guidelines. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 36(1):36–46. https://doi.org/10.1139/H11-009CrossRefPubMed

Tremblay MS, Aubert S, Barnes JD et al (2017) Sedentary Behavior Research Network (SBRN) - Terminology Consensus Project process and outcome. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0525-8

van der Ploeg HP, Hillsdon M (2017) Is sedentary behaviour just physical inactivity by another name? Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0601-0

Vandewater EA, Shim MS, Caplovitz AG (2004) Linking obesity and activity level with children’s television and video game use. J Adolesc 27(1):71–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2003.10.003CrossRefPubMed

Warburton DER, Bredin SSD (2017) Health benefits of physical activity: A systematic review of current systematic reviews. Curr Opin Cardiol 32(5):541–556. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCO.0000000000000437CrossRefPubMed

Von Der Heiden JM, Braun B, Müller KW, Egloff B (2019) The association between video gaming and psychological functioning. Front Psychol 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01731

Ward DS, Saunders RP, Pate RR (2007) Physical activity interventions in children and adolescents. Human Kinetics, ChampaignCrossRef

Westerterp KR (2017) Control of energy expenditure in humans. Eur J Clin Nutr 71(3):340–344. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2016.237CrossRefPubMed

World Health Organization (2010) Global recommendations on physical activity for health. World Health Organization, Geneva https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK305057/

World Health Organization (2020a) WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. World Health Organization, Geneva. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240015128. Accessed 3 Aug 2022

World Health Organization (2020b) Physical activity. World Health Organization, Geneva. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity. Accessed 3 Aug 2022

World Health Organization (2022) Global status report on physical activity. World Health Organization, Geneva. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240059153. Accessed 3 Aug 2022

Wu AMS, Tao VYK, Tong K, Cheung SF (2012) Psychometric evaluation of the inventory of gambling motives, attitudes and behaviours (GMAB) among Chinese gamblers. Int Gambl Stud 12(3):331–347. https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2012.678273CrossRef

Yee N (2006) The demographics, motivations, and derived experiences of users of massively multi-user online graphical environments. Presence: Teleoperators Virtual Environ 15:309–329. https://doi.org/10.1162/pres.15.3.309CrossRef

Zhang Y, Song H, Liu X et al (2017) Language learning enhanced by massive multiple online role-playing games (MMORPGs) and the underlying behavioral and neural mechanisms. Front Hum Neurosci 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2017.00095

Title: Associations between digital gaming behavior and physical activity among Finnish vocational students
Authors: Mikko Salmensalo
Heidi Ruotsalainen
Krista Hylkilä
Maria Kääriäinen
Jenni Konttila
Merja Männistö
Niko Männikkö
Publication date: 11-12-2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Journal of Public Health / Issue 1/2024
Print ISSN: 2198-1833
Electronic ISSN: 1613-2238
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-022-01788-y

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Associations between digital gaming behavior and physical activity among Finnish vocational students

Abstract

Objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2024

The predictors of COVID-19 preventive health behaviors among adolescents: the role of health belief model and health literacy

Association of life–course severe sleep apnoea with the risk of all-cause mortality: the offset effect of physical activity

Differences in diabetes risk factors among Asian Americans

The effect of spirituality and health perception on screening behavior of people with and without a family history of cancer

A survey on the relationship between blood pressure and self-reported lifestyle habits and ideal body image in Japanese university students: a cross-sectional study

COVID-19 policy analysis for 10 European countries