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Neurocritical Care
Published in: Neurocritical Care 3/2017

01-06-2017 | Original Research

Association of Early Hemodynamic Profile and the Development of Systolic Dysfunction Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Authors: Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Ali Rowhani-Rahbar, Nophanan Chaikittisilpa, Edward F. Gibbons, Frederick P. Rivara, Nancy R. Temkin, Alex Quistberg, Monica S. Vavilala

Published in: Neurocritical Care | Issue 3/2017

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Abstract

Background

While systolic dysfunction has been observed following traumatic brain injury (TBI), the relationship between early hemodynamics and the development of systolic dysfunction has not been investigated. Our study aimed to determine the early hemodynamic profile that is associated with the development of systolic dysfunction after TBI.

Methods

We conducted a prospective cohort study among patients under 65 years old without cardiac comorbidities who sustained moderate–severe TBI. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed within the first day after TBI to assess for systolic dysfunction. Hourly systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, and confounding clinical variables (sedatives, fluid balance, vasopressors, and osmotherapy) were collected during the first 24 h following admission. Multivariable linear mixed models assessed the early hemodynamic profile in patients who developed systolic dysfunction, compared to patients who did not develop systolic dysfunction.

Results

Thirty-two patients were included, and 7 (22 %) developed systolic dysfunction after TBI. Patients who developed systolic dysfunction experienced early elevation of SBP, MAP, and heart rate, compared to patients who did not develop systolic dysfunction (p < 0.01 for all comparisons). Patients who developed systolic dysfunction experienced a greater rate of decrease in SBP [−10.2 mmHg (95 % CI −16.1, −4.2)] and MAP [−9.1 mmHg (95 % CI −13.9, −4.3)] over the first day of hospitalization, compared to patients who did not develop systolic dysfunction (p < 0.01 for both comparisons). All sensitivity analyses revealed no substantial changes from the primary model.

Conclusions

Patients who develop systolic dysfunction following TBI have a distinctive hemodynamic profile, with early hypertension and tachycardia, followed by a decrease in blood pressure over the first day after TBI. This profile suggests an early maladaptive catecholamine-excess state as a potential underlying mechanism of TBI-induced systolic dysfunction.
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Metadata
Title
Association of Early Hemodynamic Profile and the Development of Systolic Dysfunction Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors
Vijay Krishnamoorthy
Ali Rowhani-Rahbar
Nophanan Chaikittisilpa
Edward F. Gibbons
Frederick P. Rivara
Nancy R. Temkin
Alex Quistberg
Monica S. Vavilala
Publication date
01-06-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Neurocritical Care / Issue 3/2017
Print ISSN: 1541-6933
Electronic ISSN: 1556-0961
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-016-0335-x

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