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01-08-2021 | Original Contribution

Association between coffee consumption and total dietary caffeine intake with cognitive functioning: cross-sectional assessment in an elderly Mediterranean population

Authors: Indira Paz-Graniel, Nancy Babio, Nerea Becerra-Tomás, Estefania Toledo, Lucia Camacho-Barcia, Dolores Corella, Olga Castañer-Niño, Dora Romaguera, Jesús Vioque, Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez, Julia Wärnberg, J. Alfredo Martínez, Luís Serra-Majem, Ramon Estruch, Francisco J. Tinahones, Fernando Fernandez-Aranda, José Lapetra, Xavier Pintó, Josep A. Tur, Antonio García-Rios, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas, José J. Gaforio, Pilar Matía-Martín, Lidia Daimiel, Vicente Martín Sánchez, Josep Vidal, Lucía Prieto-Sanchez, Emilio Ros, Cristina Razquin, Cristina Mestres, José V. Sorli, Aida M. Cuenca-Royo, Angel Rios, Laura Torres-Collado, Jessica Vaquero-Luna, Napoleon Pérez-Farinós, M. Angeles Zulet, Almudena Sanchez-Villegas, Rosa Casas, M Rosa Bernal-Lopez, José Manuel Santos-Lozano, Xavier Corbella, David Mateos, Pilar Buil-Cosiales, Susana Jiménez-Murcia, Rebeca Fernandez-Carrion, Laura Forcano-Gamazo, Meritxell López, Miguel Ángel Sempere-Pascual, Anai Moreno-Rodriguez, Alfredo Gea, Rafael de la Torre-Fornell, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, the PREDIMED-Plus Investigators

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 5/2021

Abstract

Purpose

Coffee is rich in compounds such as polyphenols, caffeine, diterpenes, melanoidins and trigonelline, which can stimulate brain activity. Therefore, the possible association of coffee consumption with cognition is of considerable research interest. In this paper, we assess the association of coffee consumption and total dietary caffeine intake with the risk of poor cognitive functioning in a population of elderly overweight/obese adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods

PREDIMED-plus study participants who completed the Mini-Mental State Examination test (MMSE) (n = 6427; mean age = 65 ± 5 years) or a battery of neuropsychological tests were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Coffee consumption and total dietary caffeine intake were assessed at baseline using a food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were fitted to evaluate the association between total, caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption or total dietary caffeine intake and cognitive impairment.

Results

Total coffee consumers and caffeinated coffee consumers had better cognitive functioning than non-consumers when measured by the MMSE and after adjusting for potential confounders (OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.44–0.90 and OR 0.56; 95% CI 0.38–0.83, respectively). Results were similar when cognitive performance was measured using the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) and Trail Making Test B (TMT-B). These associations were not observed for decaffeinated coffee consumption. Participants in the highest tertile of total dietary caffeine intake had lower odds of poor cognitive functioning than those in the reference tertile when screened by the MMSE (OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.47–0.87) or other neurophysiological tests evaluating a variety of cognitive domains (i.e., CDT and TMT-A).

Conclusions

Coffee consumption and total dietary caffeine intake were associated with better cognitive functioning as measured by various neuropsychological tests in a Mediterranean cohort of elderly individuals with MetS.

Trial registration

ISRCTN89898870. Registration date: July 24, 2014.

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Title: Association between coffee consumption and total dietary caffeine intake with cognitive functioning: cross-sectional assessment in an elderly Mediterranean population
Authors: Indira Paz-Graniel
Nancy Babio
Nerea Becerra-Tomás
Estefania Toledo
Lucia Camacho-Barcia
Dolores Corella
Olga Castañer-Niño
Dora Romaguera
Jesús Vioque
Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez
Julia Wärnberg
J. Alfredo Martínez
Luís Serra-Majem
Ramon Estruch
Francisco J. Tinahones
Fernando Fernandez-Aranda
José Lapetra
Xavier Pintó
Josep A. Tur
Antonio García-Rios
Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
José J. Gaforio
Pilar Matía-Martín
Lidia Daimiel
Vicente Martín Sánchez
Josep Vidal
Lucía Prieto-Sanchez
Emilio Ros
Cristina Razquin
Cristina Mestres
José V. Sorli
Aida M. Cuenca-Royo
Angel Rios
Laura Torres-Collado
Jessica Vaquero-Luna
Napoleon Pérez-Farinós
M. Angeles Zulet
Almudena Sanchez-Villegas
Rosa Casas
M Rosa Bernal-Lopez
José Manuel Santos-Lozano
Xavier Corbella
David Mateos
Pilar Buil-Cosiales
Susana Jiménez-Murcia
Rebeca Fernandez-Carrion
Laura Forcano-Gamazo
Meritxell López
Miguel Ángel Sempere-Pascual
Anai Moreno-Rodriguez
Alfredo Gea
Rafael de la Torre-Fornell
Jordi Salas-Salvadó
the PREDIMED-Plus Investigators
Publication date: 01-08-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 5/2021
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02415-w

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