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Published in: Journal of Urban Health 5/2017

01-10-2017

Assessing Spatial Relationships between Race, Inequality, Crime, and Gonorrhea and Chlamydia in the United States

Author: Phillip Marotta

Published in: Journal of Urban Health | Issue 5/2017

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Abstract

Incidence rates of chlamydia and gonorrhea reached unprecedented levels in 2015 and are concentrated in southern counties of the USA. Using incidence data from the Center for Disease Control, Moran’s I analyses assessed the data for statistically significant clusters of chlamydia and gonorrhea at the county level in 46 states of the USA. Lagrange multiplier diagnostics justified selection of the spatial Durbin regression model for chlamydia and the spatial error model for gonorrhea. Rates of chlamydia (Moran’s I = .37, p < .001) and gonorrhea (Moran’s I = .38, p < .001) were highly clustered particularly in the southern region of the USA. Logged percent in poverty (B = .49, p < .001 and B = .48, p < .001) and racial composition of African-Americans (B = .16, p < .001 and B = .40, p < .001); Native Americans (B = .12, p < .001 and B = .20, p < .001); and Asians (B = .14, p < .001 and B = .09, p < .001) were significantly associated with greater rates of chlamydia and gonorrhea, respectively, after accounting for spatial dependence in the data. Logged rates of rates violent crimes were associated with chlamydia (B = .053, p < .001) and gonorrhea (B = .10, p < .001). Logged rates of drug crimes (.052, p < .001) were only associated with chlamydia. Metropolitan census designation was associated with logged rates of chlamydia (B = .12, p < .001) and gonorrhea (B = .24, p < .001). Spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of rates of chlamydia and gonorrhea provide important insights for strategic public health interventions in the USA and inform the allocation of limited resources for the prevention of chlamydia and gonorrhea.
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Metadata
Title
Assessing Spatial Relationships between Race, Inequality, Crime, and Gonorrhea and Chlamydia in the United States
Author
Phillip Marotta
Publication date
01-10-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Urban Health / Issue 5/2017
Print ISSN: 1099-3460
Electronic ISSN: 1468-2869
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-017-0179-5

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