Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Medical Systems 3/2012

01-06-2012 | ORIGINAL PAPER

Artificial Intelligence Models for Predicting Iron Deficiency Anemia and Iron Serum Level Based on Accessible Laboratory Data

Authors: Iman Azarkhish, Mohammad Reza Raoufy, Shahriar Gharibzadeh

Published in: Journal of Medical Systems | Issue 3/2012

Login to get access

Abstract

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide. Measuring serum iron is time consuming, expensive and not available in most hospitals. In this study, based on four accessible laboratory data (MCV, MCH, MCHC, Hb/RBC), we developed an artificial neural network (ANN) and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to diagnose the IDA and to predict serum iron level. Our results represent that the neural network analysis is superior to ANFIS and logistic regression models in diagnosing IDA. Moreover, the results show that the ANN is likely to provide an accurate test for predicting serum iron levels with high accuracy and acceptable precision.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Grosbois, B., Decaux, O., Cador, B., Cazalets, C., and Jego, P., Human iron deficiency. Bull. Acad. Natl Méd. 189:1649–1663, 2005. Grosbois, B., Decaux, O., Cador, B., Cazalets, C., and Jego, P., Human iron deficiency. Bull. Acad. Natl Méd. 189:1649–1663, 2005.
2.
go back to reference Haas, J. D., and Brownlie, T., IV, Iron deficiency and reduced work capacity: a critical review of the research to determine a causal relationship. J. Nutr. 131(2 suppl):676S–88S, 2001. discussion 688S–90S. Haas, J. D., and Brownlie, T., IV, Iron deficiency and reduced work capacity: a critical review of the research to determine a causal relationship. J. Nutr. 131(2 suppl):676S–88S, 2001. discussion 688S–90S.
3.
go back to reference Halterman, J. S., Kaczorowski, J. M., Aligne, C. A., Auinger, P., and Szilagyi, P. G., Iron deficiency and cognitive achievement among school-aged children and adolescents in the United States. Pediatrics 107:1381–6, 2001.CrossRef Halterman, J. S., Kaczorowski, J. M., Aligne, C. A., Auinger, P., and Szilagyi, P. G., Iron deficiency and cognitive achievement among school-aged children and adolescents in the United States. Pediatrics 107:1381–6, 2001.CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Cook, J. D., and Skikne, B. S., Iron deficiency: definition and diagnosis. J. Intern. Med. 226(5):349–55, 1989.CrossRef Cook, J. D., and Skikne, B. S., Iron deficiency: definition and diagnosis. J. Intern. Med. 226(5):349–55, 1989.CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Worwood, M., The laboratory assessment of iron status: an update. Clin. Chim. Acta 259:3–23, 1997.CrossRef Worwood, M., The laboratory assessment of iron status: an update. Clin. Chim. Acta 259:3–23, 1997.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Cross, S. S., Harrison, R. F., and Kennedy, R. L., Introduction to neural networks. Lancet 346:1075–1079, 1995.CrossRef Cross, S. S., Harrison, R. F., and Kennedy, R. L., Introduction to neural networks. Lancet 346:1075–1079, 1995.CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Dariani, S., Keshavarz, M., Parviz, M., Raoufy, M. R., and Gharibzadeh, S., Modeling force-velocity relation in skeletal muscle isotonic contraction using an artificial neural network. Biosystems 90(2):529–34, 2007.CrossRef Dariani, S., Keshavarz, M., Parviz, M., Raoufy, M. R., and Gharibzadeh, S., Modeling force-velocity relation in skeletal muscle isotonic contraction using an artificial neural network. Biosystems 90(2):529–34, 2007.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Forsstrom, J. J., and Dalton, K. J., Artificial neural networks for decision support in clinical medicine. Ann. Med. 27:509–17, 1995.CrossRef Forsstrom, J. J., and Dalton, K. J., Artificial neural networks for decision support in clinical medicine. Ann. Med. 27:509–17, 1995.CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Rodvold, D. M., McLeod, D. G., Brandt, J. M., Snow, P. B., and Murphy, G. P., Introduction to artificial neural networks for physicians: taking the lid off the black box. Prostate 46:39–44, 2001.CrossRef Rodvold, D. M., McLeod, D. G., Brandt, J. M., Snow, P. B., and Murphy, G. P., Introduction to artificial neural networks for physicians: taking the lid off the black box. Prostate 46:39–44, 2001.CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Lisboa, P., A review of evidence of health benefit from artificial neural networks in medical intervention. Neural Netw. 15:11–39, 2002.CrossRef Lisboa, P., A review of evidence of health benefit from artificial neural networks in medical intervention. Neural Netw. 15:11–39, 2002.CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Ramesh, A. N., Kambhampati, C., Monson, J. R., and Drew, P. J., Artificial intelligence in medicine. Ann. R. Coll. Surg. Engl. 86:334–8, 2004.CrossRef Ramesh, A. N., Kambhampati, C., Monson, J. R., and Drew, P. J., Artificial intelligence in medicine. Ann. R. Coll. Surg. Engl. 86:334–8, 2004.CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Sharpe, P. K., and Caleb, P., Artificial neural networks within medical decision support systems. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. Suppl. 219:3–11, 1994.CrossRef Sharpe, P. K., and Caleb, P., Artificial neural networks within medical decision support systems. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. Suppl. 219:3–11, 1994.CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Tafeit, E., and Reibnegger, G., Artificial neural networks in laboratory medicine and medical outcome prediction. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 37:845–53, 1999.CrossRef Tafeit, E., and Reibnegger, G., Artificial neural networks in laboratory medicine and medical outcome prediction. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 37:845–53, 1999.CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Winkler, D. A., Neural networks as robust tools in drug lead discovery and development. Mol. Biotechnol. 27:139–68, 2004.CrossRef Winkler, D. A., Neural networks as robust tools in drug lead discovery and development. Mol. Biotechnol. 27:139–68, 2004.CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Dytch, H. E., and Wied, G. L., Artificial neural networks and their use in quantitative pathology. Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol. 12:379–93, 1990. Dytch, H. E., and Wied, G. L., Artificial neural networks and their use in quantitative pathology. Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol. 12:379–93, 1990.
17.
go back to reference Tu, J. V., Advantages and disadvantages of using artificial neural networks versus logistic regression for predicting medical outcomes. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 49:1225–1231, 1996.CrossRef Tu, J. V., Advantages and disadvantages of using artificial neural networks versus logistic regression for predicting medical outcomes. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 49:1225–1231, 1996.CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Eftekhar, B., Mohammad, K., Ardebili, H. E., Ghodsi, M., and Ketabchi, E., Comparison of artificial neural network and logistic regression models for prediction of mortality in head trauma based on initial clinical data. BMC Med. Inform. Decis. Mak. 5:3, 2005.CrossRef Eftekhar, B., Mohammad, K., Ardebili, H. E., Ghodsi, M., and Ketabchi, E., Comparison of artificial neural network and logistic regression models for prediction of mortality in head trauma based on initial clinical data. BMC Med. Inform. Decis. Mak. 5:3, 2005.CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Raoufy, M. R., Vahdani, P., Alavian, S. M., Fekri, S., Eftekhari, P., and Gharibzadeh, S., A novel method for diagnosing cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B: artificial neural network approach. J. Med. Syst. 35(1):121–6, 2011. Epub 2009 Jul 21.CrossRef Raoufy, M. R., Vahdani, P., Alavian, S. M., Fekri, S., Eftekhari, P., and Gharibzadeh, S., A novel method for diagnosing cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B: artificial neural network approach. J. Med. Syst. 35(1):121–6, 2011. Epub 2009 Jul 21.CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Hanley, J. A., and McNeil, B. J., The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology 143(1):29–36, 1982. Hanley, J. A., and McNeil, B. J., The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology 143(1):29–36, 1982.
22.
go back to reference Lin, C. S., Li, Y. C., Mok, M. S., Wu, C. C., Chiu, H. W., and Lin, Y. H., Neural network modeling to predict the hypnotic effect of propofol bolus induction. Proc. AMIA Symp. 450–454, 2002. Lin, C. S., Li, Y. C., Mok, M. S., Wu, C. C., Chiu, H. W., and Lin, Y. H., Neural network modeling to predict the hypnotic effect of propofol bolus induction. Proc. AMIA Symp. 450–454, 2002.
23.
go back to reference Ghoshal, U. C., and Das, A., Models for prediction of mortality from cirrhosis with special reference to artificial neural network: a critical review. Hepatol. Int. 2(1):31–8, 2008. Epub 2007.CrossRef Ghoshal, U. C., and Das, A., Models for prediction of mortality from cirrhosis with special reference to artificial neural network: a critical review. Hepatol. Int. 2(1):31–8, 2008. Epub 2007.CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Chong, C. F., Li, Y. C., Wang, T. L., Chang, H., Stratification of adverse outcomes by preoperative risk factors in coronary artery bypass graft patients: an artificial neural network prediction model. AMIA Annu. Symp. Proc. 160–164, 2003. Chong, C. F., Li, Y. C., Wang, T. L., Chang, H., Stratification of adverse outcomes by preoperative risk factors in coronary artery bypass graft patients: an artificial neural network prediction model. AMIA Annu. Symp. Proc. 160–164, 2003.
Metadata
Title
Artificial Intelligence Models for Predicting Iron Deficiency Anemia and Iron Serum Level Based on Accessible Laboratory Data
Authors
Iman Azarkhish
Mohammad Reza Raoufy
Shahriar Gharibzadeh
Publication date
01-06-2012
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Medical Systems / Issue 3/2012
Print ISSN: 0148-5598
Electronic ISSN: 1573-689X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-011-9668-3

Other articles of this Issue 3/2012

Journal of Medical Systems 3/2012 Go to the issue