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Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
Published in: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 1/2019

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Antiphospholipid Syndrome | Research

Amniotic fluid antiphospholipid antibodies: potential role in antiphospholipid syndrome-independent aberrant implantation process

Authors: Valentina Bruno, Marzia Nuccetelli, Carlo Ticconi, Antonella Bruno, Federica Martelli, Maria Vittoria Capogna, Sergio Bernardini, Emilio Piccione, Adalgisa Pietropolli

Published in: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology | Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

Background

The direct role of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) at maternal-fetal interface has not been fully investigated, especially whether they are involved in physiological and pathological implantation conditions, in an antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)-independent manner. In fact, trophoblast cells and placental endothelial cells at the implantation site express potential aPL targeted-phospholipid antigens (PL Ags); thus, the local production and presence of their specific antibodies, not related to APS (characterized by aPL presence in the peripheral blood), could be a potential marker of aberrant invasion, implantation and fetal-maternal immune tolerance processes.

Methods

Anti-Beta2glycoprotein I (anti-β2GPI) and anticardiolipin (aCL Ab) antibodies (the most clinically relevant aPL) were detected by immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA), in the amniotic fluid (AF) of 167 women with physiological and complicated common pregnancy conditions, sharing an aberrant implantation process, such as recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), autoimmune hypothyroidism (ahT) and smoking. All women included in the study were negative to peripheral blood aPL.

Results

aCL and anti-β2GPI antibodies were detectable in all the AF samples. RPL, ahT and smoking patients had higher level of anti-β2GPI Abs (IgM) compared to women with physiological pregnancies (p < 0.0001). Since IgM cannot cross the placenta, their local production in response to maternal-fetal interface stimuli, could be hypothesized.

Conclusions

The presence of aPL in the AF (not related to APS) could reveal a potential clinical significance at maternal-fetal interface in selected pregnancy complications, in which an aberrant implantation process, and in turn an impaired fetal-maternal immune tolerance cross-talk, could occur.
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Metadata
Title
Amniotic fluid antiphospholipid antibodies: potential role in antiphospholipid syndrome-independent aberrant implantation process
Authors
Valentina Bruno
Marzia Nuccetelli
Carlo Ticconi
Antonella Bruno
Federica Martelli
Maria Vittoria Capogna
Sergio Bernardini
Emilio Piccione
Adalgisa Pietropolli
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1477-7827
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-019-0527-2

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